The whole truth about dietary supplements: expert opinion

The whole truth about dietary supplements: expert opinion

Section 1: What is dietary supplements and how are they regulated?

1. DEMPLE DISTRUCTION (biologically active additive): Bad is a concentrate of natural or identical to natural biologically active substances intended for direct intake with food or introduction into food products in order to enrich the diet with individual food or biologically active substances and their complexes. Unlike drugs, dietary supplements are not intended for the treatment of diseases, but are used to maintain health and prevention. They can be a source of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, dietary fibers, probiotics, prebiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and other beneficial substances. Dietary supplements are diverse: tablets, capsules, powders, liquids, bars, etc.

2. Regulation of dietary supplements in Russia and the world:

   • Russia: In Russia, the turnover of dietary supplements is regulated by the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor). Bades are subject to mandatory state registration. To receive a certificate of state registration, it is necessary to provide documents confirming the security and compliance of the products with the established requirements (sanitary-epidemiological and hygienic). An important document is the technical regulation of the Customs Union TR TS 021/2011 “On food safety”. Rospotrebnadzor controls the turnover of dietary supplements, including marking, advertising and implementation conditions. For violations, administrative fines are provided.
   • USA: In the United States, dietary supplements are regulated by the Office for Products and Medicine Control (FDA) in accordance with the Law on Health and Education in the field of dietary additives (DSHEA) of 1994. DShea defines dietary supplements as products designed to supplement the diet containing one or more diet ingredients (vitamins, minerals, herbs, etc.) and intended for oral administration in the form of tablets, capsules, powders, etc. FDA does not carry out a mandatory check of dietary supplements before they are being put on the market, but is responsible for the monitoring of products and the adoption of measures in case of detection of hazardous or not complying with the requirements of goods.
   • EU: In the European Union, the regulation of dietary supplements is carried out at the level of individual member countries. The European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) provides scientific consultations on safety and food efficiency, including dietary supplements. Directive 2002/46/EC sets the requirements for vitamins and minerals used in food additives and their marking.
   • Other countries: The regulation of dietary supplements in other countries may vary significantly. In some countries (for example, in Australia), dietary supplements are considered as drugs and are subject to more strict control. In other countries, regulation can be less strict.

3. Differences between dietary supplements and drugs:

   • Appointment: Medicines are designed for the treatment, diagnosis and prevention of diseases. Bades are designed to maintain health and enrich the diet.
   • Clinical trials: Medicines are undergoing long -term clinical trials to prove their effectiveness and safety. Bades do not go through such strict tests.
   • Production requirements: The production of drugs is regulated by the strict GMP (Good Manoucturing Practice) rules. The requirements for the production of dietary supplements are less strict, but must also meet certain standards.
   • Marking: The marking of drugs should contain information about the readings, contraindications, side effects and the method of use. The marking of dietary supplements contains information about the composition recommended by the dosage and contraindications. It is important to note that the Bad label should indicate that the product is not a drug.

4. Risks associated with unscrupulous manufacturers:

   • The inconsistency of the composition of the declared: Some manufacturers may indicate one composition on the label, and in reality the product contains other ingredients or does not contain the declared. This can be dangerous to health, especially for people with allergies.
   • The presence of harmful impurities: Bades can be polluted by heavy metals, pesticides, microorganisms and other harmful substances. This can lead to poisoning and other adverse consequences.
   • Excessed dosages: Some manufacturers can add ingredients to dose in high dosages, which can lead to an overdose and side effects.
   • Unproven effectiveness: Many dietary supplements are advertised as means for the treatment of various diseases, although their effectiveness is not proved by clinical trials. This can lead to the fact that people will refuse effective treatment and rely on useless additives.

Section 2: The main groups of dietary supplements and their alleged action:

1. Vitamins: Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal functioning of the body. They participate in various metabolic processes, regulate the work of enzymes and support immunity.

   • Vitamin C (ascorbic acid): The antioxidant, participates in the synthesis of collagen, strengthens immunity.
   • Vitamin D (calciferol): It is necessary for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, strengthens bones and teeth, supports immunity.
   • B vitamins B: They participate in energy metabolism, support the nervous system and hematopoiesis.
   • Vitamin A (Retinol): It is necessary for vision, growth and development, health of the skin and mucous membranes.
   • Vitamin E (Tokoferol): Antioxidant, protects the cells from damage by free radicals.
   • Evaluation of effectiveness: The effectiveness of vitamin additives depends on the individual needs of the body. If a person receives enough vitamins from food, additional intake of additives may not be beneficial. In some cases (for example, with vitamin D deficiency), add -ons may be necessary.

2. Minerals: Minerals are inorganic substances necessary for the normal functioning of the body. They participate in various physiological processes, support the structure of bones and teeth, regulate the functioning of the nervous system and muscles.

   • Calcium: It is necessary to strengthen bones and teeth, is involved in the contraction of the muscles and transmit nerve impulses.
   • Magnesium: Participates in energy metabolism, regulates the functioning of the nervous system and muscles, reduces blood pressure.
   • Iron: It is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin, carrying oxygen in the blood.
   • Zinc: Participates in immune reactions, healing of wounds, growth and development.
   • Selenium: The antioxidant protects cells from damage by free radicals, supports the function of the thyroid gland.
   • Evaluation of effectiveness: The effectiveness of mineral additives depends on the individual needs of the body. If a person receives enough minerals from food, additional intake of additives may not be beneficial. In some cases (for example, with an iron deficiency), add -ons may be necessary.

3. Amino acids: Amino acids are organic compounds that are construction blocks of proteins. They are necessary for tissue growth and restoration, synthesis of enzymes and hormones.

   • BCAA (Laicin, Isoleycin, Valin): Used to maintain muscle mass, recovery after training and reduce fatigue.
   • Glutamine: Participates in immune reactions, supports intestinal health and helps restore after training.
   • Creatine: Increases strength and endurance, contributes to the growth of muscle mass.
   • Arginine: Improves blood circulation, promotes wound healing and strengthens immunity.
   • Evaluation of effectiveness: The effectiveness of amino acid additives depends on the individual needs of the body and the intensity of physical activity. Athletes and people involved in heavy physical labor can be useful for additives of BCAA, glutamine and creatine.

4. Probiotics and prebiotics: Probiotics are living microorganisms, which, when used in sufficient quantities, have a positive effect on human health. Prebiotics are substances that serve as food for probiotics and contribute to their growth and reproduction in the intestines.

   • Probiotics: Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and other types of bacteria.
   • Prebiotics: Inulin, fruitoligosaccharides (phos), galactooligosaccharides (state).
   • Action: Improve digestion, strengthen immunity, reduce the risk of infections and allergies.
   • Evaluation of effectiveness: Probiotics and prebiotics can be useful for people with digestive disorders, after taking antibiotics and for strengthening immunity. It is important to choose products containing a sufficient amount of living bacteria and prebiotics.

5. Omega-3 fatty acids: Omega-3 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids necessary for the health of the heart, brain and joints.

   • Eicosapentaena acid (EPA) and docosageneal acid (DHA): Contained in fish oil, reduce the level of triglycerides in the blood, improve the function of the brain and reduce inflammation.
   • Alpha-linolenic acid (Alk): Contained in vegetable oils (linseed, chia), but its effectiveness in transformation into EPC and DHK is limited.
   • Evaluation of effectiveness: Omega-3 fatty acids can be useful for people with cardiovascular diseases, depression and arthritis. It is important to choose products containing a sufficient amount of EPK and DGK.

6. Plant extracts: Plant extracts are concentrates of biologically active substances obtained from plants.

   • Green tea extract: Contains antioxidants, improves metabolism and reduces the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.
   • Ginkgo biloba extract: Improves blood circulation and memory.
   • Echinacea extract: Strengthens the immunity and reduces the risk of colds.
   • Proophasha Extract: Protects the liver from damage and improves its function.
   • Evaluation of effectiveness: The effectiveness of plant extracts depends on the type of plant, the method of extraction and dosage. Some plant extracts can interact with drugs, so before their use it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Section 3: Experts of experts about the benefits and dangers of dietary supplements:

1. Doctors and nutritionists:

   • Positive opinion: Doctors and nutritionists admit that dietary supplements can be useful in certain cases, for example, with a deficiency of vitamins and minerals, to maintain intestinal health and strengthen immunity. However, they emphasize that dietary supplements should not replace good nutrition and treatment of diseases.
   • Negative opinion: Some doctors and nutritionists believe that most dietary supplements do not have proven effectiveness and can be useless or even harmful. They indicate the risks associated with unscrupulous manufacturers, the inconsistency of the composition of the declared and possible side effects.
   • Recommendations: Doctors and nutritionists recommend contacting them for advice before starting dietary supplements. They can evaluate the individual needs of the body and choose suitable additives in the correct dosage.

2. Scientific researchers:

   • Evidence of effectiveness: Scientific studies show that some dietary supplements can be effective for the treatment and prevention of certain diseases. For example, omega-3 fatty acids reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, probiotics improve digestion, and vitamin D strengthens the bones.
   • The need for further research: Many dietary supplements do not have a sufficient scientific base to confirm their effectiveness. Further research is needed to assess their benefits and harm.
   • Meta-analyzes and systematic reviews: Met-analyzes and systematic reviews combine the results of several studies and make it possible to obtain more accurate conclusions about the effectiveness of dietary supplements.

3. Representatives of regulatory authorities:

   • Quality control: Representatives of regulatory authorities emphasize the importance of quality control of dietary supplements and compliance with the established requirements for production and labeling.
   • The fight against falsification: Regulatory authorities take measures to combat falsification of dietary supplements and suppress the activities of unscrupulous manufacturers.
   • Information of the population: Regulatory authorities conduct information campaigns to increase the awareness of the population about the correct choice and application of dietary supplements.

4. Manufacturers Badov:

   • Health benefits: Dad manufacturers claim that their products can be healthy and help improve the quality of life.
   • Scientific developments: Some manufacturers invest in scientific developments and clinical trials to prove the effectiveness of their products.
   • Responsibility for quality: Responsible manufacturers monitor the quality of their products and comply with the established requirements.

Section 4: How to choose and use dietary supplements:

1. Consultation with a doctor: Before taking dietary supplements, it is necessary to consult a doctor or nutritionist. They can evaluate your individual needs and choose the right additives in the correct dosage.

2. The choice of a reliable manufacturer: Choose dietary supplements from well -known and trusted manufacturers with a good reputation. Pay attention to the availability of quality certificates and compliance with the established requirements.

3. Study of the composition: Carefully study the composition of the dietary supplement before buying. Make sure that it does not contain ingredients that you have an allergy or intolerance to.

4. Checking the expiration date: Check the shelf life of the dietary supplement before buying and using. Do not use foods with an expired expiration date.

5. Dosage compliance: Follow the recommended dosage indicated on the pack of dietary supplements. Do not exceed the dosage without consulting a doctor.

6. Accounting of contraindications: Consider the contraindications for the use of dietary supplements. Some additives can be contraindicated in certain diseases or conditions.

7. Interaction with drugs: Some dietary supplements can interact with drugs. Before using Bad, inform the doctor about all the medicines that you take.

8. Side effects: In the case of side effects (allergic reactions, digestive disorders, etc.) stop taking dietary supplements and consult a doctor.

9. Bad storage: Keep dietary supplements in accordance with the instructions on the packaging, in the place inaccessible to children.

10. Nutrition and lifestyle: Remember that dietary supplements should not replace good nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. Observe a balanced diet, play sports and avoid bad habits.

Section 5: Prospects for the development of the market market:

1. Growth of popularity: The dietary supplement market continues to grow around the world, which is associated with an increase in the interest of the population in a healthy lifestyle and the prevention of diseases.

2. Development of scientific research: Scientific research in the field of dietary supplements continues, and new data on their effectiveness and safety arises.

3. Innovative products: Bad manufacturers are developing innovative products containing new ingredients and having improved properties.

4. Personalized approach: The personalized approach to nutrition and the use of dietary supplements is becoming more and more popular. It involves taking into account the individual needs of the body and the selection of additives based on genetic tests and other data.

5. Market regulation: The regulation of the market of the Dad is becoming more stringent, which helps to improve the quality of products and protect consumer rights.

6. Online sales: Online sales of dietary supplements continue to grow, which makes them more accessible to the population.

7. Integration with medicine: The integration of dietary supplements with traditional medicine is becoming more and more common. Doctors are increasingly recommending dietary supplements as an addition to the main treatment.

8. Development of probiotic and prebiotic: The market for probiotics and prebiotics continues to actively develop, which is associated with an increase in the public’s awareness of the importance of intestinal health.

9. Plant dietary supplements: Plant dietary supplements remain popular, and manufacturers continue to develop new products based on plant extracts.

10. Sustainability and environmental friendliness: Sustainability and environmental friendliness become increasingly important factors in the production of dietary supplements. Consumers are increasingly choosing products produced using environmentally friendly methods.