Bad: the opinion of doctors and experts

Bad: the opinion of doctors and experts. Study of the benefits, risks and regulatory regulation

Section 1: Definition and classification of dietary supplements

Biologically active additives (dietary supplements) are concentrates of natural or identical to natural biologically active substances, designed for direct intake with food or introduction into food products. They are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. Their main goal is to maintain health, the prevention of diseases, replenish the deficiency of nutrients and optimization of the body’s functions.

Russian legislation, in particular, Federal Law No. 29-FZ “On the quality and safety of food products”, defines dietary supplements as special food foods. This means that special requirements for safety, composition and marking are presented to them.

1.1. Classification of dietary supplements in composition:

Bades are classified in composition into several main groups:

• Vitamin-mineral complexes: They contain vitamins (A, B, C, D, E, K, etc.) and minerals (calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium, etc.) in various combinations and dosages. They are designed to replenish the deficiency of these substances in the body. Examples: complivitis, alphabet, vitrum.

• Plant preparations (herbal preparations): Contain extracts, hoods, powders from medicinal plants. They are used to maintain various functions of the body, such as immunity, digestion, nervous system. Examples: Echinacea, Valerian, St. John’s wort.

• Probiotics and prebiotics: Probiotics contain live microorganisms that are useful for intestinal microflora. Prebiotics are substances that stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria in the intestines. They are used to improve digestion and strengthen immunity. Examples: Linex, Bifidumbacterin, Lactofiltrum.

• Amino acids and peptides: Contain amino acids – building blocks of proteins, as well as short chains of amino acids – peptides. They are used to maintain muscle mass, improve sports results and the general condition of the body. Examples: BCAA, glutamine, collagen.

• Omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6, omega-9: Unsaturated fatty acids that are important for the health of the heart, brain and vision. Used to prevent cardiovascular diseases and maintain cognitive functions. Examples: fish oil, linseed oil, evening primrose oil.

• Enzymes: Proteins that accelerate chemical reactions in the body. Used to improve digestion and assimilation of nutrients. Examples: Mezim, Creon, Pancreatin.

• Other dietary supplements: They include a wide range of substances, such as antioxidants (coenzym Q10, resveratrol), chondroprotectors (glucosamine, chondroitin), as well as substances that regulate metabolism (L-carnitine).

1.2. Bades release forms:

Bades are produced in various forms, such as:

• Tablets: A solid form designed to swallow the whole.

• Capsules: A solid or soft shell containing powder or liquid.

• Powders: A fine product designed for dissolution in water or other liquid.

• Liquids (syrups, solutions, tinctures): A liquid form intended for oral administration.

• Legetables, chewing tablets: Designed for resorption or chewing.

Section 2: Legal regulation of dietary supplements in Russia

The legal regulation of dietary supplements in Russia is carried out on the basis of the following regulatory documents:

• Federal Law No. 29-FZ “On the quality and safety of food products”: Determines the general requirements for the quality and safety of food products, including dietary supplements.

• Technical Regulation of the Customs Union TR TS 021/2011 “On food safety”: Establishes uniform requirements for food safety in the territory of the Customs Union (Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan).

• Technical Regulation of the Customs Union TR TS 022/2011 “Food products in terms of its marking”: It sets the requirements for labeling of food products, including dietary supplements.

• SanPiN 2.3.2.1290-03 “Hygienic requirements for the organization of production and turnover of biologically active food additives”: Establishes hygiene requirements for the production and turnover of dietary supplements.

2.1. The procedure of state registration of dietary supplements:

Before entering the sale, dietary supplements are subject to mandatory state registration in the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Blessing (Rospotrebnadzor). The state registration procedure includes:

• Application of the application and the necessary documentation: The manufacturer or importer provides a statement and a package of documents in Rospotrebnadzor, containing information about the composition, properties, safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements.

• Documentation examination: Rospotrebnadzor conducts an examination of the submitted documentation to assess the compliance of the BAD with the requirements of the law.

• Laboratory research: In some cases, Rospotrebnadzor may conduct laboratory research of Bad to confirm its safety and compliance with the declared composition.

• Issue of a certificate of state registration (SGR): In case of successfully passing the state registration procedure, Rospotrebnadzor issues a SGR, which is a permit for the production and implementation of dietary supplements in Russia.

2.2. Bades labeling requirements:

The marking of dietary supplements must comply with the requirements of the technical regulations of the Customs Union TR TS 022/2011 “Food products regarding its marking.” The marking should contain the following information:

• Bad name: It must be clear and understandable.

• The composition of the dietary supplement: The list of all ingredients is in decreasing their mass fraction.

• Food value information: The number of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and other biologically active substances.

• Recommendations for use: Indication of the dosage and method of application.

• Contraindications: The list of states and diseases in which the use of dietary supplements is not recommended.

• Warning: For example, “is not a drug”, “before use, it is recommended to consult a doctor.”

• Best before date: The date to which the dietary supplement retains its properties.

• Storage conditions: Recommendations for the storage of dietary supplements.

• Name and location of the manufacturer (manufacturer): Information about the company producing dietary supplements.

• The number of the certificate of state registration (SGR): Confirms that dietary supplement has passed the state registration procedure.

2.3. Quality and safety control of dietary supplements:

Quality and safety control of dietary supplements is carried out by Rospotrebnadzor at all stages of production and turnover. Control includes:

• Inspections of manufacturers and importers: Rospotrebnadzor conducts planned and unscheduled inspections of manufacturers and importers of dietary supplements to monitor compliance with the requirements of the law.

• Selection of products for laboratory research: Rospotrebnadzor selects samples of dietary supplements for laboratory research to verify their compliance with the declared composition and safety requirements.

• Consideration of consumer complaints: Rospotrebnadzor considers consumer complaints about the quality and safety of dietary supplements and takes measures to eliminate violations.

• Application of administrative measures: In case of violations, Rospotrebnadzor can apply administrative measures to manufacturers and importers of dietary supplements, such as fines, suspension of the SCR and removal of products from the turnover.

Section 3: The opinion of doctors about dietary supplements

The opinion of doctors about dietary supplements is ambiguous and varies depending on the type of dietary supplement, its composition, quality and individual characteristics of the patient.

3.1. Positive aspects of the use of dietary supplements marked by doctors:

• Filling a deficiency of nutrients: Doctors admit that dietary supplements can be useful to replenish the deficiency of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients, especially in certain groups of the population, such as pregnant women, children, elderly people and people who adhere to restrictive diets.

• Support for health during periods of increased nutrient need: Bades can be useful during periods of increased physical or mental stress, with stress and during recovery after illness.

• Prevention of certain diseases: Some dietary supplements, such as omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D, can help in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis and other diseases.

• Immunity support: Some dietary supplements, such as vitamin C and zinc, can help strengthen immunity and reduce the risk of infectious diseases.

• Improving overall well -being: Some patients note an improvement in overall well -being after taking dietary supplements, such as increasing energy, improving sleep and reducing stress levels.

3.2. Negative aspects of the use of dietary supplements awarded by doctors:

• Lack of proven effectiveness: Many dietary supplements do not have a sufficient scientific base confirming their effectiveness.

• Risk of side effects: Some dietary supplements can cause side effects, such as allergic reactions, digestive disorders and interaction with drugs.

• Poor composition: Some dietary supplements may contain impurities, polluting substances and not correspond to the declared composition.

• Incorrect use: The improper use of dietary supplements, such as the excess of the recommended dose or simultaneous intake of several dietary supplements, can lead to undesirable consequences.

• Masks of symptoms of diseases: Bades are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. The use of dietary supplements can disguise the symptoms of diseases and delay the doctor.

• Interaction with drugs: Bades can interact with drugs, changing their effectiveness and increasing the risk of side effects.

3.3. Recommendations of doctors on the use of dietary supplements:

Doctors recommend adhering to the following rules when applying dietary supplements:

• Consult a doctor: Before taking any dietary supplement, you need to consult a doctor, especially if you have any diseases or you take drugs.

• Choose dietary supplements from trusted manufacturers: Choose dietary supplements from manufacturers with a good reputation, which have certificates of quality and conformity.

• Carefully study the composition and instructions for use: Before using dietary supplements, it is necessary to carefully study the composition and instructions for use in order to make sure that there are no contraindications and observe the recommended dosage.

• Do not exceed the recommended dosage: Exceeding the recommended dosage of dietary supplements can lead to undesirable consequences.

• Do not take several dietary supplements at the same time: Simultaneous intake of several dietary supplements can increase the risk of side effects.

• Stop taking dietary supplements when side effects appear: When any side effects appear, it is necessary to stop taking the dietary supplement and consult a doctor.

Section 4: Experts of experts about dietary supplements

The opinion of experts, including nutritionists, nutritionists and pharmacologists, about dietary supplements is also ambiguous and depends on many factors.

4.1. The position of nutritionists and nutritionists:

Nutritionists and nutriologists, as a rule, believe that dietary supplements can be useful to maintain health and replenish the deficiency of nutrients, but only in combination with a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle. They emphasize that dietary supplements are not a replacement for good nutrition and cannot compensate for the harm from malnutrition.

Nutritionists and nutriologists recommend using dietary supplements only as a doctor or nutrition specialist and only in cases where it is really necessary. They also recommend choosing dietary supplements from trusted manufacturers and carefully study the composition and instructions for use.

4.2. Position of pharmacologists:

Pharmacologists, as a rule, are more critical of dietary supplements, since they are not drugs and do not go through strict clinical trials as drugs. Pharmacologists emphasize that the effectiveness and safety of many dietary supplements has not been proven, and that some dietary supplements may contain impurities and not correspond to the declared composition.

Pharmacologists recommend the use of dietary supplements with caution and only as prescribed by a doctor, especially if you take medications. They also warn of the possible interaction of dietary supplements with drugs and recommend informing the doctor about all the dietary supplements that you are taking.

4.3. Independent research of dietary supplements:

There are many independent studies of dietary supplements that are conducted by various scientific organizations and universities. The results of these studies are often contradictory and depend on many factors, such as the type of Bad, its composition, dosage, duration of admission and research methodology.

Some studies show that certain dietary supplements can be effective for the prevention and treatment of certain diseases, while other studies do not confirm these results. Some studies also reveal potential risks and side effects of the use of dietary supplements.

It is important to note that not all studies of dietary supplements are equally high -quality and reliable. When evaluating research results, it is necessary to take into account the research methodology, sample size, the presence of a control group and other factors.

Section 5: Popular dietary supplements and their application

Consider some popular dietary supplements and their application, based on the affordable scientific data and opinions of doctors and experts.

5.1. Vitamin D:

Vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining the health of bones, the immune system and the general state of the body. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread, especially in regions with insufficient sunlight.

Application: Vitamin D is recommended for the prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency, as well as to maintain bone health and immunity.

The opinion of doctors and experts: Vitamin D is considered one of the most useful and effective dietary supplements, especially for people with vitamin D.

5.2. Omega-3 fatty acids:

Omega-3 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids that are important for the health of the heart, brain and vision.

Application: Omega-3 fatty acids is recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, improve cognitive functions and maintain the health of the eyes.

The opinion of doctors and experts: Omega-3 fatty acids are considered useful for the health of the heart and brain, but it is necessary to choose high-quality products with a sufficient content of EPA and DHA.

5.3. Probiotics:

Probiotics are living microorganisms useful for intestinal microflora.

Application: Probiotics are recommended to improve digestion, strengthen immunity and prevention of dysbiosis.

The opinion of doctors and experts: Probiotics can be useful to improve digestion and strengthen immunity, but it is necessary to choose products with proven efficiency and viability of bacteria.

5.4. Magnesium:

Magnesium is an important mineral that is involved in many processes in the body, including the regulation of blood pressure, maintaining the health of bones and muscles, as well as the nervous system.

Application: Magnesium is recommended for the prevention of magnesium deficiency, a decrease in blood pressure, maintaining the health of bones and muscles, as well as a decrease in stress and anxiety.

The opinion of doctors and experts: Magnesium can be useful for people with a deficiency of magnesium, as well as for those who suffer from high blood pressure, muscle seizures and stress.

5.5. Collagen:

Collagen is a protein that forms the basis of connective tissue in the body, including skin, bones, cartilage and tendons.

Application: Collagen is recommended to maintain the health of the skin, joints and bones, as well as to improve skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles.

The opinion of doctors and experts: Collagen can be useful for maintaining the health of the skin and joints, but it must be borne in mind that the effectiveness of collagen can depend on its type and dosage.

5.6. Melatonin:

Melatonin is a hormone that regulates the cycle of sleep and wakefulness.

Application: Melatonin is recommended to improve sleep, especially for insomnia and impaired daily rhythm.

The opinion of doctors and experts: Melatonin can be useful for improving sleep, but it should be used with caution and under the supervision of a doctor, especially with prolonged use.

5.7. Vitamin C:

Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that plays an important role in maintaining the immune system and protecting cells from damage.

Application: Vitamin C is recommended to strengthen immunity, protect the cells from damage and accelerate wound healing.

The opinion of doctors and experts: Vitamin C can be useful for strengthening immunity, but its effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of colds remains controversial.

5.8. Zinc:

Zinc is an important mineral that is involved in many processes in the body, including immune function, wound healing and DNA synthesis.

Application: Zinc is recommended to strengthen immunity, accelerate wound healing and maintain skin health.

The opinion of doctors and experts: Zinc can be useful to strengthen immunity and accelerate wound healing, but it should be used with caution and not exceed the recommended dosage.

Section 6: risks and side effects of dietary supplements

Despite the potential benefit, the use of dietary supplements may be associated with certain risks and side effects.

6.1. Risk of side effects:

Some dietary supplements can cause side effects, such as allergic reactions, digestive disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation), headache, dizziness and other symptoms.

The risk of side effects increases when the recommended dosage of dietary supplements, simultaneously taking several dietary supplements or in the presence of certain diseases.

6.2. The risk of drugs with drugs:

Bades can interact with drugs, changing their effectiveness and increasing the risk of side effects. For example, some dietary supplements can enhance or weaken the effect of drugs, change their metabolism in the body or influence their absorption.

Especially dangerous is the interaction of dietary supplements with drugs that are used to treat serious diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and oncological diseases.

6.3. The risk of low -quality composition:

Some dietary supplements may contain impurities, polluting substances and not correspond to the declared composition. For example, dietary supplements containing plant extracts can be contaminated with pesticides, heavy metals or other toxic substances.

Also, some dietary supplements may contain lower or higher doses of active ingredients than indicated on the label. This can lead to ineffectiveness of dietary supplements or to side effects.

6.4. The risk of masking symptoms of diseases:

Bades are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. The use of dietary supplements can disguise the symptoms of diseases and delay the doctor. This can lead to the progression of the disease and the deterioration of the prognosis.

6.5. The risk of dependence:

Some dietary supplements, such as dietary supplements for weight loss and dietary supplement, can cause addiction. With prolonged use of these dietary supplements, the body can get used to their action, and when the intake is stopped, symptoms of cancellation may occur.

6.6. The risk of fraud and unfair advertising:

There are many fraudulent and unscrupulous companies in the dietary supplement market that sell ineffective or even dangerous products. These companies often use aggressive advertising and mislead consumers, promising unrealistic results.

Consumers should be careful and not trust advertising, which promises a wonderful healing or a quick solution to health problems.

Section 7: How to choose the right dietary supplement

The choice of dietary supplements is a responsible process that requires an attentive approach and accounting for many factors.

7.1. Consult a doctor or a nutrition specialist:

Before taking any dietary supplement, it is necessary to consult a doctor or nutrition specialist. A doctor or nutritional specialist can evaluate your health status, identify a shortage of nutrients and recommend the most suitable dietary supplement, taking into account your individual needs.

7.2. Choose dietary supplements from trusted manufacturers:

Choose dietary supplements from manufacturers with a good reputation, which have certificates of quality and conformity. Information about the manufacturer can be found on the Bad label or on the manufacturer’s website.

7.3. Carefully study the composition and instructions for use:

Before using dietary supplements, it is necessary to carefully study the composition and instructions for use in order to make sure that there are no contraindications and observe the recommended dosage. Pay attention to the presence of allergens, artificial dyes and other undesirable ingredients.

7.4. Pay attention to quality certificates:

When choosing a dietary supplement, pay attention to the availability of quality certificates such as GMP (good manufactoring practice) and ISO (International Organization for Standardization). These certificates confirm that the dietary supplement has been produced in accordance with international quality and safety standards.

7.5. Avoid dietary supplements with dubious promises:

Avoid dietary supplements who promise miraculous healing or a quick solution to health problems. Be skeptical to advertising that sounds too good to be true.

7.6. Read reviews of other consumers:

Before buying dietary supplements, you can read the reviews of other consumers on the Internet. Reviews can give an idea of ​​the quality of the dietary supplement, its effectiveness and side effects. However, it should be borne in mind that reviews can be subjective and do not always reflect the real picture.

7.7. Pay attention to the price:

The price of dietary supplements can be an indicator of its quality. Too cheap dietary supplements may contain poor -quality ingredients or be fakes. However, high price does not always guarantee high quality.

7.8. Store dietary supplements in accordance with the instructions:

Keep dietary supplements in accordance with the instructions indicated on the label. Typically, dietary supplements should be stored in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture.

Section 8: The future of dietary supplements: prospects and trends

The dietary supplement market continues to grow and develop, and new trends and prospects are expected in the future.

8.1. Personalized nutrition:

In the future, the development of personalized nutrition is expected, which will take into account the individual characteristics of each person, such as a genetic profile, health status, lifestyle and food habits. On the basis of this information, individual recommendations for nutrition and use of dietary supplements will be developed.

8.2. Development of scientific research:

An increase in the number of scientific research of dietary supplements is expected to be aimed at studying their effectiveness, safety and mechanisms of action. The results of these studies will help determine which dietary supplements are really healthy for health and which do not have proven effectiveness.

8.3. Strengthening quality control:

Strengthening the quality control of dietary supplements from state bodies is expected. This will protect consumers from poor -quality and dangerous products.

8.4. Development of innovative technologies:

The development of innovative technologies in the production of dietary supplements, such as nanotechnology, microcapsulation and liposomal technology, is expected. These technologies will improve the absorption of active dietary supplements and increase their effectiveness.

8.5. Integration with medicine:

The closer integration of dietary supplements with medicine is expected. Doctors will increasingly recommend dietary supplements as an addition to the main treatment, especially for the prevention of diseases and maintaining health.

8.6. The development of online trade:

Further development of online trade in dietary supplements is expected. Consumers will increasingly buy dietary supplements in online stores, which provides them with a wider selection of products and the convenience of making purchases.

8.7. The growth of the popularity of natural and organic dietary supplements:

The popularity of natural and organic dietary supplements is expected, which are made of natural ingredients and do not contain artificial dyes, flavors and preservatives. Consumers are increasingly taking care of their health and choose products that are safer and more environmentally friendly.

8.8. The development of dietary supplements for specialized population groups:

The development of dietary supplements developed specifically for certain groups of the population, such as children, pregnant women, elderly people and athletes, is expected. These dietary supplements will take into account the characteristics of the health and needs of these population groups.

In conclusion, it should be noted that dietary supplements can be useful to maintain health and replenish the deficiency of nutrients, but they should be used with caution and under the control of a doctor or nutrition specialist. It is important to choose dietary supplements from trusted manufacturers, carefully study the composition and instructions for use, and do not exceed the recommended dosage.