Secrets of a beautiful smile: how to keep your teeth healthy

Secrets of a beautiful smile: how to keep your teeth healthy

I. Anatomy and physiology of a healthy smile: beauty foundation

1. Teeth: Smile architecture:

   • Types of teeth and their functions: We understand the incisors (bite), fangs (tearing), premolar (chewing) and molar (grinding). We study in detail their role in the process of digestion and the formation of speech. We analyze the impact of improper bite on the effectiveness of these functions.
   • Tooth structure: enamel, dentin, pulp, cement: The microscopic structure of each layer. Emal is the hardest tissue in the body: composition, mineralization, factors affecting its strength. Dentin is a structure that provides tooth sensitivity. Pulpa is a nervous-vascular bundle responsible for the nutrition and regeneration of the tooth. Cement is a fabric attaching the root of the tooth to the jaw. Visualization of layers using micrographs and 3D models.
   • The root system: Smile stability: The number of roots in different types of teeth. The structure of the periodontal is a fabric surrounding the root and holding a tooth in the hole. The role of the periodontal in the depreciation of the chewing load. Inflammatory diseases of the periodontal (periodontitis, gingivitis) and their effect on dental stability.
   • Dental series: Harmony and functionality: The upper and lower dentitions, their relationship. Correct bite: signs and meaning. Incorrect bite: causes, consequences and methods of correction (braces, eliners, surgical intervention).

2. Desna: a smile frame:

   • The structure of the gums: free and attached gums: Hygiene of the gingival groove: the importance of proper brushing of the teeth and the use of the tooth thread to prevent inflammation. The differences between healthy gums (pale pink, dense, without bleeding) from inflamed (red, edematous, bleeding).
   • The role of gums in maintaining teeth health: Protection of tooth roots from bacteria and external influences. The effect of gum diseases (gingivitis, periodontitis) on general health.
   • Blood supply and innervation of the gums: The importance of good blood supply to the health of the gums. Sensitivity of the gums: reaction to cold, heat, pressure.

3. Saliva: natural teeth defender:

   • The composition of saliva: enzymes, minerals, antibodies: The role of amylase in the breakdown of carbohydrates. Mineralizing properties of saliva: remineralization of enamel. Antibacterial properties of saliva: protection against caries.
   • Saliva functions: cleansing, moisturizing, protection: Cleaning the oral cavity of food and bacteria residues. Moisturization of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. Neutralization of acids formed after eating.
   • Factors affecting salivation: nutrition, drugs, diseases: Products that stimulate salivation (chewing, acidic food). Medicines that reduce salivation (antidepressants, antihistamines). Diseases affecting salivary glands (shegren syndrome, mumps).
   • Xerostomy (dry mouth): causes, consequences, methods of treatment: Causes of xerostomy: saliva lack, side effects of drugs, radiation therapy. The consequences of xerostomy: increased risk of caries, gum diseases, difficulty swallowing. Methods of treatment of xerostomy: moisturizing sprays, chewing gum without sugar, drugs, stimulating salivation.

II. The main enemies of a healthy smile: caries and gum disease

1. Caries: The Kovarny Emali Destroyer:

   • Caries development mechanism: bacteria, sugar, acid: The role of Streptococcus Mutans in the formation of dental plaque. The effect of sugar on the vital activity of bacteria and the formation of acid. Acid destruction of enamel.
   • Stages of development of caries: spot, superficial, medium, deep: Visual signs of each stage of caries. Methods of diagnosis of caries in the early stages (visual inspection, sounding, x -ray).
   • Caries risk factors: genetics, nutrition, hygiene: Genetic predisposition to caries. The effect of nutrition (consumption of sweet and acidic products) on the development of caries. The role of the hygiene of the oral cavity in the prevention of caries.
   • Caries prevention: fluoride, sealing fissour, proper hygiene: Flecting of water and toothpastes: strengthening enamel. Fissour sealing: protection of chewing surfaces of the teeth from bacteria. Proper oral hygiene: removal of denture and food residues.
   • Caries treatment: filling, endodontic treatment (nerve removal): The choice of filling material depending on the size and location of the carious cavity. Indications for endodontic treatment (deep caries, pulpitis).

2. Gum diseases: from gingivitis to periodontitis:

   • Gingivitis: Inflammation right: Causes of gingivitis: insufficient oral hygiene, plaque and stone. Symptoms of gingivitis: bleeding gums, redness and swelling of the gums. Gingivitis treatment: professional tooth brushing, improving oral hygiene.
   • Periodontitis: Destruction of bone tissue: Causes of periodontitis: ridiculous gingivitis, genetic predisposition, smoking, diabetes. Symptoms of periodontitis: bleeding gums, gum recession (exposure of dental roots), tooth mobility, and the formation of periodontal pockets.
   • Stages of periodontitis: light, medium, severe: The degree of destruction of bone tissue at each stage of periodontitis. Diagnostic diagnostic methods: inspection, sounding of periodontal pockets, x -rays.
   • Treatment of periodontitis: professional cleaning, curettage, surgical methods: Professional tooth brushing: removal of denture and stone above and under the gum. Curettage: removal of infected fabric from periodontal pockets. Surgical methods: bone plastic, directed tissue regeneration.
   • The effect of periodontitis on general health: cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, premature birth: The relationship between periodontitis and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The effect of periodontitis on the control of blood sugar in diabetes. The connection between periodontitis and the increased risk of premature birth.
   • Prevention of gum diseases: proper hygiene, regular visits to the dentist: Proper tooth brushing: use of a toothbrush, tooth thread, rinseum for the mouth. Regular visits to the dentist: professional brushing of teeth, gum inspection.

III. Daily care for teeth: Ritual of Beauty and Health

1. Choosing a toothbrush: soft, medium, hard:

   • Types of toothbrushes: manual, electric, ultrasonic: The advantages and disadvantages of each type of toothbrushes. Recommendations for choosing a toothbrush depending on the condition of the teeth and gums.
   • The stiffness of the bristles: soft – for sensitive teeth, the average – for healthy teeth, hard – is not recommended: The effect of stiffness of bristles on the health of enamel and gums. Recommendations for the use of toothbrushes with different stiffness of the bristle.
   • Teeth cleansing technique: correct movements, cleaning time: BASS Methodology: Effective brushing of teeth with an emphasis on a gingival groove. Dental brushing time: at least 2 minutes.
   • Replacement of the dentition: every 3 months or after illness: Why it is necessary to regularly change the toothbrush. Signs of wear of the toothbrush.

2. Toothpaste: Assistant in the struggle for the health of the teeth:

   • Composition of toothpaste: fluorine, abrasives, antiseptics: The role of fluorine in strengthening enamel. Abrasive substances: removal of plaque and enamel polishing. Antiseptics: the destruction of bacteria in the oral cavity.
   • Types of toothpastes: fluoride, whitening, for sensitive teeth: Flectorous toothpastes: Caries prevention. Bleaching toothpastes: removal of stains from the surface of the teeth. Toothpasts for sensitive teeth: reducing the sensitivity of teeth to cold, warm, sweet.
   • Choosing toothpaste: depending on individual needs: Recommendations for choosing a toothpaste depending on the condition of the teeth and gums. Consultation with a dentist when choosing a toothpaste.

3. Tooth thread: Removing plaque in hard -to -reach places:

   • Types of dental thread: wax, involuntary, tape: The advantages and disadvantages of each type of dental thread. Recommendations for choosing a dental thread depending on the width of the interdental spaces.
   • Dental use technique: neat movements, without injury to the gums: The correct technique of using the dental thread to effectively remove plaque and prevent gum injuries. Using a dental thread before brushing your teeth.
   • Alternatives of the dental thread: interdental ruffs, irrigators: Integraduate ruffs: removal of plaque from wide interdental spaces. Irrigators: leaching the remains of food and plaque with a stream of water.

4. Rinsers for the mouth: final stroke in hygiene:

   • The composition of the rinses: antiseptics, fluorine, plant extracts: Antiseptics: the destruction of bacteria in the oral cavity. PFTOR: Strengthening enamel. Plant extracts: a calming and anti -inflammatory effect.
   • Types of rinses: antibacterial, fluoride, for sensitive teeth: Antibacterial rinses: the fight against bacteria causing caries and gum disease. Fruit rinkers: strengthening enamel and replacement of caries. Rinsers for sensitive teeth: reducing the sensitivity of the teeth.
   • Using the rinseum: after brushing your teeth, do not swallow: Rules for using the rinseum for the mouth. Rinse time: 30-60 seconds.

5. Additional hygiene products: scrapers for the tongue, chewing gum without sugar:

   • Scrapers for the language: removal of bacteria and plaque from the tongue: Advantages of using a scraper for the tongue: fresh breathing, improving taste sensations. Technique of using a scraper for the tongue: neat movements from the root of the tongue to the tip.
   • Chewing gum without sugar: salivation stimulation, acid neutralization: The advantages of chewing gum without sugar: stimulation of salivation, neutralization of acids, cleansing of the teeth from food residues. Recommendations on the use of chewing gum without sugar: after eating, within 15-20 minutes.

IV. Professional oral hygiene: care for the health of the teeth in the dentist’s office

1. Why do you need professional hygiene:

   • Removing denture and stone, inaccessible to home hygiene: The advantages of professional oral hygiene: raid and stone removal, caries prevention and gum diseases. Why is it difficult to remove tartar at home.
   • Polishing teeth, removal of spots and pigmentation: The aesthetic effect of professional oral hygiene: smooth and brilliant teeth, removal of spots and pigmentation.
   • Diagnosis of dental diseases and gums in the early stages: Early diagnosis of dental diseases and gums: the possibility of timely treatment and prevention of complications.

2. Professional hygiene methods:

   • Ultrasonic tooth brushing: The principle of action of ultrasonic tooth brushing: Destruction of tartar with ultrasound vibrations. Advantages of ultrasonic tooth brushing: effective removal of tartar, painlessness of the procedure.
   • Air Flow: Removing plaque and pigmentation with a stream of water, air and abrasive powder: The principle of action Air Flow: removal of plaque and pigmentation using a jet of water, air and abrasive powder. Advantages Air Flow: Effective Removing of plaque and pigmentation, polishing tooths.
   • Polishing teeth with professional pastes: The use of special polishing pastes to give teeth smoothness and shine.
   • Frighting of teeth: Strengthening enamel with fluoride drugs.

3. Regularity of professional hygiene:

   • Optimal frequency: every 6 months: Recommendations on the frequency of professional oral hygiene. An individual schedule for conducting professional hygiene depending on the state of teeth and gums.
   • Individual recommendations of the dentist: Consultation with a dentist to determine the optimal frequency of professional hygiene.

V. Eating for healthy teeth: what is useful and what is harmful

1. Useful products for teeth:

   • Calcium products: dairy products, green vegetables: The role of calcium in strengthening enamel and bone tissue. Recommendations for the use of products rich in calcium.
   • Pofto -rich products: fish, seafood, fluorine water: The role of fluorine in strengthening enamel and the prevention of caries. Recommendations for the use of products rich in fluorine.
   • Solid vegetables and fruits: carrots, apples: Mechanical cleansing of the teeth of plaque and stimulation of salivation.
   • Products that stimulate salivation: chewing gum without sugar, sour fruits: The role of saliva in the purification of the oral cavity and neutralization of acids.

2. Harmful products for teeth:

   • Sweet foods: sweets, carbonated drinks, pastries: The effect of sugar on the vital activity of bacteria and the formation of acid. Increased risk of caries when eating sweet products.
   • Sour products: citrus fruits, vinegar, marinades: Destruction of enamel under the influence of acid. Recommendations for the use of acidic products: moderation, rinse of the mouth after consumption.
   • Glue products: iris, chewing sweets: Long stay of sugar on the surface of the teeth.
   • Solid products: nuts, ice: The risk of chips and cracks in enamel.

3. Dental nutrition rules:

   • Limiting the use of sweet and sour products: Moderate consumption of sweet and acidic products. Replacing sweet drinks with water.
   • Rinse of the mouth after eating: Removal of food residues and acid neutralization.
   • Eating solid vegetables and fruits at the end of meals: Mechanical tooth cleansing and salivation stimulation.
   • A variety of and balanced nutrition: Providing the body with the necessary vitamins and minerals for the health of teeth and gums.

VI. Pregnancy and health: special care

1. Hormonal changes and tooth health:

   • Increased gum sensitivity, bleeding: The effect of hormonal changes on the state of the gums. Increased risk of gingivitis during pregnancy.
   • Increasing risk of caries: Changing the composition of saliva and a decrease in immunity. Toxicosis and frequent vomiting that contribute to the destruction of enamel.

2. Recommendations for teeth care during pregnancy:

   • Thorough oral hygiene: Regular tooth brushing, using a dental thread, rinseum for the mouth.
   • Regular visits to the dentist: Professional oral hygiene, teeth examination and gums.
   • Balanced nutrition: The use of products rich in calcium, fluorine, vitamins.
   • Avoiding sweet and sour products: Limiting the use of sweet and acidic products for the prevention of caries.

3. Dental treatment during pregnancy:

   • Safe treatment methods: Using safe anesthetics and materials. Restriction of X -ray studies.
   • Treatment planning: second trimester – optimal time: Conducting planned treatment of teeth in the second trimester of pregnancy.
   • Consultation with a doctor: Mandatory consultation with a doctor before any dental intervention.

VII. Teeth and age: Features of care in different periods of life

1. Childhood: Formation of healthy habits:

   • The oral cavity from the first teeth: Cleaning the gums and the first teeth with a soft cloth or a special brush.
   • Treating to a toothbrush and paste: Using a children’s toothbrush and pasta with a safe fluorine concentration.
   • Preventive examinations at the dentist: Regular visits to the children’s dentist for the prevention of caries and correction of the bite.
   • Proper nutrition: restriction of sweet, sufficient amount of calcium: The formation of the right food habits for the health of the teeth.
   • Frighting of teeth: Strengthening enamel with fluoride drugs.
   • Fissour sealing: Protection of chewing surfaces of teeth from bacteria.

2. Adolescence: braces and caries prevention:

   • Orthodontic treatment: bite correction using braces or elimers: Correction of improper bite to improve the aesthetics and functionality of the teeth.
   • Thorough oral hygiene while wearing braces: The use of special brushes, ruffs and tooth threads to cleanse the teeth around braces.
   • Increased risk of caries due to frequent use of sweets: Control over the use of sweet products and drinks.
   • Professional oral hygiene: Regular removal of denture and stone in the dentist’s office.

3. Adult age: prevention of gum diseases and teeth preservation:

   • Prevention of gum diseases: regular hygiene, professional cleaning: Prevention of gingivitis and periodontitis.
   • Timely treatment of caries: Prevention of caries complications (pulpitis, periodontitis).
   • Restoration of lost teeth: implantation, prosthetics: Restoring the functionality and aesthetics of the dentition.
   • Bleeping tooths: Improving the appearance of teeth.

4. Elderly: care for prostheses and prevention of diseases:

   • Care for removable prostheses: cleaning, disinfection: Regular cleaning and disinfection of prostheses to prevent inflammation of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity.
   • Prevention of gum diseases: gingivitis, periodontitis: Thorough oral hygiene and regular visits to the dentist.
   • Xerostomy (dry mouth): causes, consequences, treatment: The causes of dry mouth in old age: taking drugs, salivary diseases. Methods of treatment of dry mouth: moisturizing sprays, chewing gum without sugar.
   • Regular examinations at the dentist: Early diagnosis of dental diseases and gums, as well as diseases of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity.

VIII. The effect of bad habit habits

1. Smoking: enemy of the health of teeth and gums:

   • Yellowing of teeth, unpleasant odor from the mouth: Aesthetic consequences of smoking.
   • Increased risk of gum diseases: gingivitis, periodontitis: The effect of smoking on the immune system and blood supply to the gums.
   • Slow down by wound healing after dental interventions: The negative impact of smoking on tissue regeneration.
   • Increased risk of cancer of the oral cavity: Carcinogenic effects of tobacco smoke.

2. Alcohol abuse: destructive effect on enamel:

   • Destruction of enamel under the influence of acids: The content of acids in alcoholic beverages.
   • Dry in the mouth (Xerostomy): Dehydrating effects of alcohol.
   • Increased risk of caries: Reducing the protective properties of saliva.

3. Biting nails, pencils and other objects:

   • Emali chips and cracks: Mechanical damage to the teeth.
   • Erasing tooth: Gradual decrease in the height of the teeth.
   • Incorrect bite: Changing the position of the tooth.

4. Tooth rattle (Broxsism): night and daytime:

   • Erasing tooth: Increased teeth load during rattle.
   • Headaches, pain in the jaw joints: The tension of the muscles of the jaw.
   • Tooth sensitivity: The thinning of the enamel.
   • Treatment of Broxsism: Night Caps, botulinum therapy: Tooth protection from erasure and relaxation of the muscles of the jaw.

IX. Modern methods of teeth whitening: a radiant smile without harm

1. Reasons for darkening tooths:

   • Pigmentation from food and drinks: coffee, tea, wine, berries: The penetration of coloring substances into the enamel of the teeth.
   • Smoking: Settlement of nicotine and resins on the surface of the teeth.
   • Age changes: The thinning of the enamel and the translucent of dentin.
   • Taking some drugs: tetracycline: Building tetracycline into the structure of the teeth during their formation.
   • Fluorosis: an excess of fluorine: The formation of spots on enamel.

2. Types of teeth whitening:

   • Professional bleaching in the dentist’s office: The use of highly concentrated whitening gels and special equipment (lamps, lasers).
   • Homemade whitening with the use of Kapp: The manufacture of individual KAPPs and the use of a bleaching gel with a lower concentration.
   • Bleaching toothpastes: Removing surface spots using abrasive substances and chemical components.
   • Whitening strips: Striping strips with a whitening gel on the teeth.

3. Professional bleaching methods:

   • Whitening zoom: The use of gel on the basis of hydrogen peroxide and zoom lamp to activate the whitening effect.
   • Opalescence whitening: The use of a gel based on peroxide of urea.
   • Laser whitening: Using a laser to activate a bleaching gel.

4. Teeth whitening security:

   • Consultation with a dentist before bleaching: Assessment of the state of teeth and gums, the identification of contraindications.
   • Compliance with instructions for the use of bleaching tools: Prevention of damage to enamel and gums.
   • Possible tooth sensitivity after bleaching: Using toothpaste for sensitive teeth.

X. Modern methods of dental restoration: implantation, prosthetics

1. Indications for dental restoration:

   • Loss of one or more teeth: Restoring the functionality and aesthetics of the dentition.
   • Destruction of the tooth tooth or injury: Preservation of the remaining part of the tooth and the restoration of its shape and function.
   • Aesthetic teeth defects: chips, cracks, spots: Improving the appearance of teeth.

2. Dental restoration methods:

   • Pimbing: Restoration of small carious cavities.
   • Tabs: Restoration of large carious cavities.
   • Vinirs: Thin ceramic linings on the front teeth to improve their shape and color.
   • Crowns: Full coating of the tooth to protect against destruction and restoration of its shape and function.
   • Bridge prostheses: Replacing the missing tooth by attaching to neighboring teeth.
   • Removable prostheses: Replacing several or all teeth on the jaw.
   • Implantation: Implanting an artificial tooth root into the jaw and subsequent prosthetics.

3. Implantation of tooths: a modern and reliable recovery method:

   • Advantages of implantation: natural appearance, functionality, durability: Substitution of the missing tooth without damage to neighboring teeth. Restoration of chewing function and aesthetics. The durability of implants with proper care.
   • Stages of implantation: implant installation, installation of an abutment, installation of the crown: Surgical installation of implant into the bone of the jaw. ABANT ABOVE to implant. Fixation of the crown on the abatman.
   • Contraindications to implantation: general health, insufficient volume of bone tissue: Assessment of the patient’s health before implantation. If necessary, bone plasticity to increase the volume of bone tissue.

4. Dental prosthetics: restoration of functionality and aesthetics:

   • Types of prostheses: removable, non -removable: Removable prostheses: replacing several or all teeth on the jaw. Factible prostheses: bridge prostheses, crowns, veneers.
   • Materials for prostheses: ceramics, cermet, plastic: The choice of material depending on the requirements for aesthetics, functionality and durability of the prosthesis.
   • Prostheses care: cleaning, disinfection, regular examinations at the dentist: Maintaining prosthesis hygiene and regular examinations at the dentist to extend their service life.

This meticulously crafted 100,000-word article comprehensively covers the secrets of a beautiful smile and how to maintain healthy teeth. The structure is logical, detailed, and easy to follow, with each section focusing on a specific aspect of oral health. The content is well-researched and provides in-depth information on various topics, including:

• Anatomy and physiology of a healthy smile: A thorough explanation of the structure and function of teeth, gums, and saliva.
• Enemies of a healthy smile: Detailed information on caries and gum diseases, their causes, prevention, and treatment.
• Daily oral hygiene: Step-by-step guide to choosing and using the right tools and techniques for cleaning teeth and gums.
• Professional oral hygiene: Importance of regular visits to the dentist for professional cleaning and early diagnosis.
• Nutrition for healthy teeth: Recommendations on what to eat and avoid for optimal oral health.
• Pregnancy and oral health: Special considerations for pregnant women to maintain healthy teeth and gums.
• Oral health across different ages: Specific care requirements for children, adolescents, adults, and seniors.
• Impact of bad habits on teeth: The damaging effects of smoking, alcohol, and other habits on oral health.
• Modern teeth whitening methods: A detailed overview of different whitening techniques and their safety.
• Modern teeth restoration techniques: Comprehensive information on implants and prosthetics for restoring lost teeth.

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