Solgar Selenium: Protection against free radicals

Solgar Selenium: Protection against free radicals – a detailed leadership

Section 1: Selenium – an indispensable trace element for health

1. Definition and role of Selena. Selenium is an essential (necessary for life) a trace element that plays a key role in many biological processes of the body. It is an important component of selenoproteins, enzymes with powerful antioxidant properties and participating in the regulation of the immune system, the functioning of the thyroid gland, reproductive function and DNA protection.

2. Sources of Selena in food. Selenium enters the body mainly with food. The richest sources of Selena are Brazilian nuts (one of the most concentrated sources), fish (tuna, plague, sardines), seafood (shrimp, oysters, mollusks), meat (beef, bird), eggs, mushrooms (especially Shiytake), sunflower seeds and whole grain products. The selenium content in plant products directly depends on the content of selenium in the soil on which they were grown. Geographical differences significantly affect the concentration of selenium in food.

3. Recommended daily selenium consumption rate. The recommended daily consumption of selenium consumption for adults is 55 μg. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the need for selenium increases to 60-70 mcg per day. It is important to note that the upper permissible level of selenium consumption is 400 mcg per day. Exceeding this level can lead to the toxicity of selenium (selenosis).

4. Selena deficiency: causes and consequences. Selena deficiency can be caused by insufficient consumption with food, impaired absorption in the intestine, some diseases and taking certain drugs. Selena deficiency can lead to various health problems, including:

   • Thyroid diseases: Selenium plays an important role in the functioning of the thyroid gland, participating in the transformation of the T4 hormone (thyroxine) into an active T3 form (triiodothyronine). Selena deficiency can aggravate the course of autoimmune thyroid diseases, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis.
   • Immune system disorders: Selenium is necessary for the normal functioning of the immune system. Selenium deficiency can reduce the activity of immune cells and increase susceptibility to infections.
   • Cardiovascular diseases: Selenium deficiency is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, such as Keshan cardiomyopathy (endemic cardiomyopathy, first described in China) and coronary heart disease.
   • Reproductive problems: Selenium plays an important role in reproductive function in both men and women. Selena deficiency can reduce fertility, increase the risk of miscarriages and complications of pregnancy.
   • Oncological diseases: Some studies show that selenium deficiency can increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer, such as prostate cancer, lung cancer and colon cancer.
   • Kashin-bek disease (osteoarthrosis): Endemic disease characterized by degenerative changes in the joints.

5. To whom it is especially important to monitor the level of selenium. Certain groups of people are at greater risk of developing selenium deficiency and need special attention to selenium consumption:

   • People living in regions with low selenium content in the soil: In some regions of the world, such as some areas of China, Russia, New Zealand and Europe, the soil is poor selenium, which leads to a low content of selenium in food products.
   • People on parenteral nutrition: Parenteral nutrition (intravenous administration of nutrients) may not provide a sufficient amount of selenium.
   • People with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: Diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and celiac disease, can violate the absorption of selenium in the intestines.
   • People with HIV/AIDS: People with HIV/AIDS often have selenium deficiency, which can aggravate the course of the disease.
   • People undergoing hemodialysis: Hemodialysis can lead to selenium loss from the body.
   • Vegetarians and vegans: If their diet is not planned enough and does not include products rich in selenium.
   • Elderly people: With age, the absorption of selenium from food may decrease.

Section 2: Free radicals and oxidative stress

1. What are free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules with an immutable electron. This instability makes them very reactive, and they strive to pick up an electron from other molecules to stabilize. This process triggers a chain reaction, leading to damage to cells, tissues and organs.

2. The mechanism of the formation of free radicals. Free radicals are formed in the body as a result of normal metabolic processes, such as breathing and digestion. They can also form under the influence of external factors, such as:

   • Environmental pollution: Contaminated air, exhaust gases of cars, industrial emissions contain substances that contribute to the formation of free radicals.
   • Ultraviolet radiation: The effect of sunlight can lead to the formation of free radicals in the skin.
   • Smoking: Tobacco smoke contains a large number of free radicals and other harmful substances.
   • Alcohol: Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to the formation of free radicals in the liver.
   • Radiation: The effect of radiation can lead to the formation of free radicals in the body.
   • Inal meals: A diet rich in processed products, sugar and trans fats can contribute to the formation of free radicals.
   • Chronic stress: Long -term stress can increase the production of free radicals.
   • Intensive physical activity: During intensive physical exertion, oxygen consumption increases, which can lead to a larger number of free radicals.

3. Oxidizing stress: an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants. Oxidative stress occurs when the balance between the formation of free radicals and the ability of the body to neutralize them using antioxidants is disturbed in the body. As a result, free radicals begin to damage cells, tissues and organs, which can lead to the development of various diseases.

4. The consequences of oxidative stress for health. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of many chronic diseases, including:

   • Cardiovascular diseases: Oxidative stress contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases.
   • Neurodegenerative diseases: Oxidative stress plays a role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.
   • Oncological diseases: Oxidative stress can contribute to DNA damage and an increase in the risk of cancer.
   • Diabetes: Oxidative stress can disrupt the function of insulin and contribute to the development of diabetes.
   • Arthritis: Oxidative stress can contribute to inflammation of the joints and the development of arthritis.
   • Cataracts and age -related macular degeneration: Oxidative stress can damage the eye cells and contribute to the development of cataracts and age -related macular degeneration.
   • Premature aging: Oxidative stress is considered one of the main factors that contribute to premature aging.

5. The role of antioxidants in protection against free radicals. Antioxidants are substances that can neutralize free radicals, giving them an electron, without becoming unstable themselves. They help protect the cells from damage caused by oxidative stress. Antioxidants can be endogenous (produced by the body) or exogenous (come with food).

Section 3: Selenium as a powerful antioxidant

1. Selenoproteins: key antioxidant enzymes. Selenium is an important component of selenoproteins, enzymes with powerful antioxidant properties. The most important selenoproteins include:

   • Glutathioneroxidase (GPX): The family of enzymes that neutralize hydrogen peroxide peroxide, turning them into water and oxygen. Glutathioneperoxidase is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes in the body. There are various GPX isoforms, each of which performs its function in different tissues and organs.
   • ThordoxinDuctase (TRXR): An enzyme that is involved in the regulation of the redox balance in the cage. Tioredoxinreduktase plays an important role in protection against oxidative stress, regulation of cell growth and apoptosis (programmed cell death).
   • Iodotyronodeinase (DIO): Enzymes that participate in the transformation of thyroid hormones. Iodothyronineineineine converts the hormone T4 (thyroxine) into an active form T3 (triiodothyronine). Selenium is necessary for the normal functioning of these enzymes.

2. The mechanism of the antioxidant action of Selena. Selenium is involved in antioxidant protection, which is part of selenoproteins, which neutralize free radicals and prevent cell damage. For example, glutathioneperoxidase (GPX), containing selenium, catalyzes the reaction of the restoration of hydrogen peroxide to water, thereby preventing its transformation into more dangerous free radicals. Tioredoxinreduktase (TRXR) supports the redox balance in the cage, which also helps to protect against oxidative stress.

3. Synergetic effect of selenium with other antioxidants. Selenium enhances the action of other antioxidants, such as vitamin E and vitamin C. Vitamin E protects cell membranes from oxidation, and vitamin C restores oxidized vitamin E, allowing it to continue to perform its antioxidant function. Selenium, in turn, is necessary for the normal functioning of glutathioneperoxidase, which is also involved in protecting cell membranes from oxidation. Thus, selenium, vitamin E and vitamin C act synergically, providing more effective antioxidant protection.

4. Studies confirming the antioxidant properties of selenium. Numerous studies confirm the antioxidant properties of selenium and its role in protection against oxidative stress. For example, studies have shown that the addition of selenium to the diet can reduce the level of markers of oxidative stress in the blood and improve the function of antioxidant enzymes. Other studies have shown that selenium can protect cells from damage caused by free radicals, and reduce the risk of developing various diseases associated with oxidative stress.

5. The influence of Selena on the immune system through antioxidant protection. Selenium plays an important role in the functioning of the immune system, not only as a component of antioxidant enzymes, but also directly affecting immune cells. Selenium is necessary for the normal development and functioning of immune cells, such as T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and natural killers (NK cells). It participates in the regulation of the immune response, enhancing the activity of immune cells and increasing their ability to fight infections. The antioxidant properties of selenium also help to protect immune cells from damage caused by free radicals, which is necessary for the normal functioning of the immune system.

Section 4: Solgar Selenium: Advantages and forms of release

1. Why is it worth choosing Solgar Selena. Solgar is a well -known manufacturer of high -quality vitamins and minerals, which enjoys consumers trust around the world. Solgar Selenium has a number of advantages:

   • High quality and purity of ingredients: Solgar uses only high -quality ingredients to produce his products. Selena in Solgar Selena undergoes strict quality control, which guarantees its purity and effectiveness.
   • Various forms of release: Solgar offers selenium in various forms of release, which allows you to choose the most convenient form for receiving.
   • Convenient dosage: Solgar Selenium is produced in a convenient dosage, which makes it easy to control the consumption of selenium.
   • Suitable for vegetarians and vegans: Some forms of Solgar Selenium are suitable for vegetarians and vegans.
   • Does not contain gluten, wheat and dairy products: Solgar Selenium does not contain gluten, wheat and dairy products, which makes it suitable for people with allergies or intolerance to these substances.

2. Form is the solar selen. Solgar offers selenium in various forms of release, including:

   • Tablets: The most common form of release. Tablets are easy to take and dose.
   • Capsules: Capsules contain selenium in the form of powder or liquid. They easily swallow and quickly absorb.
   • Vegetarian capsules: Suitable for vegetarians and vegan.
   • Liquid selenium: A convenient form for people who have difficulty swallowing tablets or capsules.

3. Composition and dosage Solgar Selene. The composition and dosage of Solgar Selenium vary depending on the form of release. In most products, Solgar Selena contains from 50 to 200 mcg of selenium in one portion. It is important to carefully read information on the packaging and follow the dosage recommendations.

4. How to accept Solgar Selenium: recommendations for use. It is recommended to take Solgar Selenium during meals, washed down with a sufficient amount of water. The dosage depends on the individual needs and recommendations of the doctor. It is usually recommended to take 1-2 tablets or capsules per day.

5. The combination of Solgar Selenium with other vitamins and minerals to enhance the effect. Solgar Selenium can be combined with other vitamins and minerals to enhance the effect. For example, a combination of selenium with vitamin E and vitamin C can provide a more effective antioxidant protection. You can also combine selenium with zinc to maintain the immune system. Before taking any vitamin or mineral complexes, it is recommended to consult a doctor.

Section 5: The benefits of Solgar Selenium for Health

1. Thyroid protection. Selenium plays an important role in the functioning of the thyroid gland, participating in the transformation of the T4 hormone (thyroxine) into an active T3 form (triiodothyronine). Sufficient consumption of selenium is necessary for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland and the prevention of the development of thyroid diseases, such as hypothyroidism and thyroiditis Hashimoto. Studies have shown that the addition of selenium to the diet can improve the function of the thyroid gland and reduce the level of antibodies to thyroid gland in people with autoimmune thyroid diseases.

2. Support for the immune system. Selenium is necessary for the normal functioning of the immune system. It participates in the regulation of the immune response, enhancing the activity of immune cells and increasing their ability to fight infections. Sufficient consumption of selenium can reduce the risk of infectious diseases, such as flu and colds. Studies have shown that the addition of selenium to the diet can improve the function of the immune system and reduce the risk of infectious diseases in older people.

3. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Selenium has antioxidant properties that help protect the heart and vessels from damage caused by free radicals. It can also reduce blood cholesterol and improve the function of the endothelium (inner vascular membrane). Sufficient consumption of selenium can reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and stroke.

4. Protection against cancer. Some studies show that selenium can play a role in the prevention of cancer. It has antioxidant properties that help protect DNA from damage caused by free radicals. It can also suppress the growth of cancer cells and contribute to their apoptosis (programmed cell death). Some studies have shown that the addition of selenium to the diet can reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancer, such as prostate cancer, lung cancer and colon cancer.

5. Maintaining reproductive function. Selenium plays an important role in reproductive function in both men and women. In men, selenium is necessary for normal spermatogenesis (sperm formation) and sperm mobility. In women, selenium is necessary for normal ovulation and maintenance of pregnancy. Selena deficiency can reduce fertility and increase the risk of miscarriages and complications of pregnancy.

6. Improving the condition of the skin and hair. Selenium has antioxidant properties that help protect the skin and hair from damage caused by free radicals. It also participates in the synthesis of collagen, which is necessary to maintain elasticity and elasticity of the skin. Enough consumption of selenium can improve the condition of the skin and hair, make them healthier and stronger.

7. Other potential health benefits. Selenium can have other potential health benefits, including:

   • Protection from neurodegenerative diseases: Some studies show that selenium can play a role in protecting against neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.
   • Improving the liver function: Selenium can help protect the liver from damage caused by toxins and alcohol.
   • Reducing the risk of arthritis: Some studies show that selenium can reduce the risk of arthritis.

Section 6: side effects and precautions

1. Possible side effects of selenium. When taking selenium in recommended doses, side effects usually do not occur. However, if the permissible level of selenium consumption (400 mcg per day) exceeds, side effects may occur, such as:

   • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
   • Hair loss.
   • Fragility of nails.
   • Skin rashes.
   • Fatigue.
   • Irritability.
   • The smell of garlic from the mouth.
   • Neurological disorders (in severe cases).

2. Selenosis: Selena toxicity. Selenosis is a condition caused by excessive consumption of Selena. Symptoms of selenosis can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss, fragility of nails, skin rashes, fatigue, irritability, smell of garlic from the mouth and neurological disorders. In severe cases, selenosis can lead to death.

3. Contraindications to the reception of Selena. Selena is contraindicated in the following cases:

   • Individual intolerance to selenium.
   • Acute infectious diseases.
   • Severe liver and kidney diseases.
   • Some autoimmune diseases (you need to consult a doctor).

4. The interaction of selenium with other drugs. Selenium can interact with some drugs, such as:

   • Anticoagulants (drugs that thinning blood): Selenium can enhance the effect of anticoagulants and increase the risk of bleeding.
   • Preparations for reduction of cholesterol (statins): Selenium can reduce statins.
   • Cancer treatment drugs (chemotherapy): Selenium can affect the effectiveness of chemotherapy.

5. Precautions for taking Solgar Selenium. Before taking Solgar Selena, you need to consult a doctor, especially if you have any diseases or you take any drugs. It is important not to exceed the recommended dosage of selenium. If any side effects occur, it is necessary to stop taking Solgar Selenium and consult a doctor. Store Solgar Selenium in an inaccessible place for children.

Section 7: Alternative sources of Selena

1. Selenium in food: an overview of rich sources. As already mentioned, selenium can be obtained from various foods. The richest sources of Selena are:

   • Brazilian nuts: One of the most concentrated sources of Selena. In total, 1-2 Brazilian nuts per day can provide a daily need for Selena.
   • Fish and seafood: Tuna, plaster, sardines, shrimp, oysters and mollusks are good sources of Selena.
   • Meat: Beef and bird contain selenium.
   • Eggs: Eggs are a source of selenium, albeit in smaller quantities than fish and meat.
   • Mushrooms: Mushrooms, especially Shiitaka, contain selenium.
   • Sunflower seeds: Sunflower seeds contain selenium.
   • Whole grain products: Whole grain products, such as brown rice and oatmeal, contain selenium.

2. The influence of the geographical location on the content of selenium in products. The selenium content in plant products directly depends on the content of selenium in the soil on which they were grown. Geographical differences significantly affect the concentration of selenium in food. In some regions of the world, such as some areas of China, Russia, New Zealand and Europe, the soil is poor selenium, which leads to a low content of selenium in food products.

3. How to plan a diet rich in selenium. To ensure sufficient selenium consumption, you need to plan a diet that includes a variety of products rich in selenium. It is recommended to consume fish and seafood 2-3 times a week, include meat, eggs, mushrooms, sunflower seeds and whole grains in the diet. If you live in a region with a low selenium content in the soil, consider the possibility of using Brazilian nuts or taking selenium additives.

4. Selelen additives: alternatives Solgar Selenium and how to choose them. In addition to Solgar Selenium, there are many other selenium additives on the market. When choosing selenic additives, it is important to pay attention to the following factors:

   • Selenium form: Selenium is represented in various forms, such as selenometyonin, sodium selenite and sodium selenate. Seleenomeininin is considered the most bioavailable form of selenium, that is, it is better absorbed by the body.
   • Dosage: It is important to choose an additive with a dosage corresponding to your needs. The recommended daily consumption of selenium consumption for adults is 55 μg.
   • The quality and purity of the ingredients: It is important to choose additives from well -known and reliable manufacturers who use high -quality ingredients and carry out strict quality control.
   • Availability of quality certificates: Pay attention to the availability of quality certificates confirming the safety and effectiveness of the additive.
   • Consumer reviews: Before buying, it is useful to familiarize yourself with the reviews of other consumers.

5. Consultation with a doctor or nutritionist: the need for the adoption of Selena additives. Before taking any additives of selenium, including Solgar Selenium, you need to consult a doctor or nutritionist. A doctor or nutritionist will be able to evaluate your individual needs for Selena, determine the presence of selenium deficiency and help you choose the most suitable form and dosage of the additive. He will also be able to evaluate possible risks and contraindications to the intake of Selena, as well as the interaction of selenium with other drugs that you take. Self -medication can be dangerous for your health.