Side effects from taking dietary supplement: extensive review of risks and problems
Section 1: Understanding of dietary supplements and their prevalence
Bades, or biologically active additives, are products designed to supplement the diet. They can contain vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, enzymes and other ingredients. Unlike drugs, dietary supplements are not intended for the treatment, prevention or diagnosis of diseases. They are available without a prescription and widespread in healthy food stores, pharmacies and online stores.
The prevalence of the use of dietary supplements has increased significantly in recent decades. This is facilitated by various factors, including a growing interest in a healthy lifestyle, aging of the population and the availability of information about the alleged advantages of dietary supplements. People use dietary supplements for various purposes, such as improving the general state of health, strengthening immunity, increasing energy, weight loss and improving sports results.
However, despite their popularity, it is important to understand that dietary supplements are not always safe and effective. They can cause side effects, interact with drugs and contain harmful ingredients. The regulation of dietary supplements is less strict than the regulation of drugs, which creates additional risks for consumers.
Section 2: Bad regulation: gaps and restrictions
In most countries, the regulation of dietary supplements differs from the regulation of drugs. In particular, dietary supplement manufacturers are not required to prove the safety and efficiency of their products before their entry into the market. Instead, responsibility for ensuring safety and conformity of products lies with the manufacturers themselves.
Regulatory authorities, such as FDA (Office for Sanitary Supervision of the quality of food and medicines) in the United States, control dietary supplements after their entry into the market and may take measures in case of safety problems or unlawful advertising. However, the capabilities of regulatory authorities are limited, and they can not always effectively control all the products presented on the market.
One of the main problems of controlling dietary supplements is the lack of quality and purity standards. Many dietary supplements contain ingredients that are not indicated on the label, or contain the ingredients in quantities that differ from the declared. This can lead to unforeseen side effects and interactions with drugs.
Another problem is unlawful advertising. Dad manufacturers often make unreasonable statements about the benefits of their health products. These statements can mislead consumers and encourage them to use dietary supplements instead of traditional methods of treatment.
Section 3: The most common side effects of dietary supplements
Side effects from taking dietary supplements can vary from lungs to serious and even life -threatening. The most common side effects include:
- Digestive disorders: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, bloating, abdominal pain. Many dietary supplements, especially those that contain herbs or fibers, can cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Allergic reactions: Skin rash, itching, urticaria, Quincke’s edema, anaphylactic shock. Allergic reactions can be caused by any ingredient in the dietary supplement, including active substances, fillers and dyes.
- Interactions with drugs: Bades can enhance or weaken the effect of drugs, which can lead to undesirable side effects or a decrease in treatment effectiveness. For example, St. John’s wort can reduce the effectiveness of antidepressants, and vitamin K can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants.
- Improving blood pressure and rapid heartbeat: Some dietary supplements, such as ephedra and caffeine, can stimulate the cardiovascular system and cause an increase in blood pressure and rapid heartbeat. This can be especially dangerous for people with cardiovascular diseases.
- Sleep disorders: Some dietary supplements, such as Melatonin and Valerian, can cause drowsiness and fatigue. Other dietary supplements, such as caffeine and ginseng, can cause insomnia and anxiety.
- Headaches and dizziness: Some dietary supplements can cause headaches and dizziness, especially in high doses.
- Liver damage: Some dietary supplements, especially those that contain herbs, such as pyrrolisidine alkaloids, can be toxic for the liver and cause liver damage.
- Kidney damage: Some dietary supplements, especially those that contain creatine and high doses of vitamin C, can be toxic for kidneys and cause kidney damage.
- Bleeding: Some dietary supplements, such as ginkgo biloba and vitamin E, can dilute blood and increase the risk of bleeding.
- The risk of cancer development: Some dietary supplements, such as beta-carotene for smokers, can increase the risk of cancer.
- Metal toxicity: Some dietary supplements may contain heavy metals, such as lead, mercury and cadmium, which can be toxic for the body.
Section 4: Bades representing the greatest risk
Some dietary supplements are associated with a higher risk of side effects than others. These include:
- Dietary diets for weight loss: Many dietary supplements for weight loss contain stimulants, such as ephedra and sibutramin, which can cause serious side effects, such as an increase in blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, strokes and heart attacks.
- Bades to increase sports results: Many dietary supplements to increase sports results contain anabolic steroids or other prohibited substances that can cause serious side effects, such as liver damage, cardiovascular diseases and problems with the reproductive system.
- Herbal additives: Some herbal additives contain toxic substances or can interact with drugs. Examples of hazardous herbal additives include pyrrolizidine alkaloids, a cava-kau and St. John’s wort.
- Vitamins and minerals in high doses: Reception of vitamins and minerals in high doses can be dangerous and lead to toxicity. For example, taking high doses of vitamin A can cause damage to the liver and congenital defects, and taking high doses of iron can cause organs damage.
- Bades sold with unlawful advertising: Bades sold with unlawful advertising often contain ingredients that are not indicated on the label, or contain ingredients in quantities that differ from the declared. They can also contain harmful substances.
Section 5: Interaction of dietary supplements with drugs
The interaction of dietary supplements with drugs is a serious problem, since it can lead to undesirable side effects or a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment. It is important to inform your doctor about all the dietary supplements that you accept so that he can evaluate the risk of interaction.
Examples of common interactions of dietary supplements with drugs include:
- St. John’s wort is perforated and antidepressants: St. John’s wort can reduce the effectiveness of antidepressants, such as selective inhibitors of the reverse capture of serotonin (SIOS).
- Vitamin K and anticoagulants: Vitamin K can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants such as warfarin.
- Grapefruit juice and medicine: Grapefruit juice can interact with many drugs, including statins, antihistamines and immunosuppressants. It can increase or lower the level of medicine in the blood, which can lead to undesirable side effects.
- Garlic and anticoagulants: Garlic can dilute blood and increase the risk of bleeding, especially when taking anticoagulants such as warfarin.
- Ginkgo biloba and anticoagulants: Ginkgo bilobe can also dilute blood and increase the risk of bleeding, especially when taking anticoagulants.
Section 6: Special population groups at risk
Some groups of the population are more at risk of side effects of admission of dietary supplements than others. These include:
- Pregnant and lactating women: Bades can be dangerous for pregnant women and nursing women, as some ingredients can penetrate through the placenta or breast milk and harm the child.
- Children: Bades can be dangerous for children, as their body is more sensitive to toxic substances.
- Elderly people: Elderly people often take medicines and have a higher risk of interaction between dietary supplements with drugs.
- People with chronic diseases: People with chronic diseases, such as liver, kidneys or heart diseases, can be more sensitive to side effects from the intake of dietary supplements.
- People preparing for the operation: Some dietary supplements, such as ginkgo biloba and garlic, can dilute blood and increase the risk of bleeding during surgery.
Section 7: How to minimize risks when taking dietary
Although the intake of dietary supplements can be associated with certain risks, there are ways to minimize these risks:
- Consult a doctor or other qualified health specialist: Before you start taking any dietary supplements, consult a doctor or other qualified health specialist. They can evaluate your individual nutrient needs and help you choose safe and effective dietary supplements.
- Tell your doctor about all the dietary supplements that you accept: It is important to inform your doctor about all the dietary supplements that you accept so that he can evaluate the risk of drug interaction.
- Choose dietary supplements from reliable manufacturers: Look for dietary supplements from reliable manufacturers who adhere to quality and safety standards.
- Check the label: Carefully read the Bad label and make sure that you understand all the ingredients and dosage.
- Start with low doses: Start with low doses of dietary supplement and gradually increase the dose, if necessary.
- Stop taking dietary supplement if you have side effects: If you have any side effects after taking a dietary supplement, stop taking it and consult a doctor.
- Be careful with dietary supplements sold with unlawful advertising: Be careful with dietary supplements sold with unlawful advertising, especially if they promise a quick and easy solution to health problems.
- Avoid taking several dietary supplements at the same time: Taking several dietary supplements can simultaneously increase the risk of side effects and interactions with drugs.
- Remember that dietary supplements are not a replacement for a healthy diet: Bades should be used to supplement a healthy diet, and not to replace it.
Section 8: Alternatives to receive dietary supplements
Instead of taking dietary supplement to improve health, other alternatives can be considered, such as:
- Healthy nutrition: Healthy diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grain products and low -fat sources of protein, can provide the body with all the necessary nutrients.
- Regular physical exercises: Regular physical exercises are good for health and can help improve the overall health and well -being.
- Stress management: Stress management using methods such as yoga, meditation or deep breathing can help improve mental and physical health.
- Sufficient sleep: A sufficient dream is important for health and can help improve the general health and well -being.
- Consultation with a doctor: If you have any health problems, consult a doctor to get advice and treatment.
Section 9: Reporting on side effects of dietary supplements
It is important to report any side effects that you experience after taking a dietary supplement. This will help regulatory authorities to identify safety problems and take measures to protect consumers.
In the United States, you can report the side effects of dietary supplements in FDA through the Medwatch system. In other countries, there are similar reporting systems.
Reporting the side effects, provide as much information as possible, including the name of the dietary supplement, the date of the intake, the date of the appearance of side effects, the description of side effects and any other drugs that you take.
Section 10: Future Dad research areas
Additional studies are needed for a better understanding of the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements. Future research should be focused on:
- Development of quality and purity standards for dietary supplements: This will help ensure that dietary supplements contain the ingredients indicated on the label and do not contain harmful substances.
- Studying the interactions of dietary supplements with drugs: This will help doctors and patients make reasonable decisions on dietary supplements along with medicines.
- Determining the effectiveness of dietary supplements for various health standards: This will help determine which dietary supplements are really healthy for health and which are not.
- Development of more effective methods for regulating dietary supplements: This will help protect consumers from unsafe and ineffective dietary supplements.
- Studying the long -term consequences of dietary supplements: This will help to identify any potential long -term health risks associated with the use of dietary supplements.
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Note: This article contains a general information and does not replace consultation with a doctor or other qualified health specialist. Always consult your doctor before starting to take any dietary supplement.