Migraine: Win her forever – simple steps

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Migraine: Win her forever – simple steps

Section 1: Understanding Migraine – Victory Foundation

  1. Migraine: not just a headache: Migraine is a complex neurological disease characterized not only by a headache, but a whole complex of symptoms. It is important to understand that this is not a temporary malaise, but a chronic state that requires an integrated approach.

    • The difference from other types of headache: The distinction between migraine from the headaches of tension, cluster headache and other types is critical of proper diagnosis and treatment. The headache of tension is often described as a pressing or tightening pain, covering the entire head, while migraine usually pulsates and localizes on one side. Closter headaches are characterized by intensive pain around one eye, accompanied by lacrimation and nasal congestion.
    • Migraine stages: A typical migraine develops in several stages: prodromal (harbingers), aura (in some patients), headache and postrome (recovery).
      • Prodromal phase: This phase can begin in a few hours or even days to the very headache. Symptoms include mood change, irritability, fatigue, difficulties with concentration of attention, increased sensitivity to light, sound or smells, as well as changes in appetite.
      • Aura: Aura is a neurological phenomenon preceding a headache or accompanying it. It can manifest itself in the form of visual disorders (flickering lights, zigzag lines, loss of vision fields), sensory disorders (numbness, tingling in the hands or face), speech disorders or motor disorders (weakness in the limbs).
      • Phase of the headache: This phase is characterized by intense, pulsating pain, usually localized on one side of the head. The pain can intensify with physical activity and be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, increased sensitivity to light (photophobia), sound (phonophobia) and smells (osmophobia).
      • The postrome phase: After the end of the headache, the patient may experience fatigue, weakness, difficulties with concentration, as well as changes in mood. This phase can last from several hours to several days.
    • Migraine types: There are various types of migraines, including migraine with aura, migraine without aura, chronic migraine (headaches 15 or more days a month) and hemiplegic migraine (with motor weakness). Knowledge of the type of migraine is necessary for choosing the most effective treatment.

  2. Migraine triggers: identify the enemy in the face: Migraine is often provoked by certain factors called triggers. The identification and avoidance of triggers is an important step in managing migraine.

    • Food triggers: Many products and drinks can provoke migraines. These include:
      • Sustained cheeses: Contain tiramin.
      • Processed products: Contain nitrates and nitrites.
      • Chocolate: Contains phenylethylamine.
      • Alcohol: Especially red wine and beer.
      • Caffeine: Although in small doses, caffeine can relieve headache, its excess or a sharp cessation of use can provoke migraines.
      • Artificial sweeteners: Aspartam.
      • Glutamate sodium (MSG): Often found in Chinese cuisine and processed products.
    • Environmental factors: Weather changes, bright light, strong smells, loud sounds and other environmental factors can provoke migraines.
      • Weather changes: Swanks of atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity.
      • Bright light: Fluorescent lamps, the sun.
      • Strong smells: Spirits, chemicals, some food.
      • Loud sounds: Music, noise of transport.
    • Hormonal changes: In women, migraine is often associated with a menstrual cycle, pregnancy and menopause.
      • Menstrual cycle: Reducing estrogen levels before menstruation.
      • Pregnancy: Improving the condition in the second and third trimesters, but deterioration after childbirth.
      • Menopause: Hormone fluctuations can aggravate migraines.
    • Stress and emotional stress: Stress is one of the most common migraine triggers.
    • Lack of sleep or change in sleep mode: Lack of sleep, insomnia, change of time zones.
    • Physical strain: Excessive physical activity.
    • Passing of food intake: Low blood sugar.
    • Dehydration: Insufficient fluid consumption.
    • Medicines: Some drugs can provoke migraines.
    • Pose and problems with the neck: Incorrect posture, a long stay in an uncomfortable position.
    • Personalized headache diary: Keeping a headache diary will help to identify individual triggers. Write down the date, start and end of the headache, the intensity of pain, accompanying symptoms, medications taken, as well as all possible triggers that could provoke a headache.

  3. Migraine Diagnostics: Contact a specialist: Proper diagnosis of migraine is the key to effective treatment. Contact a neurologist for examination and establishing a diagnosis.

    • A history of anamnesis: The doctor will ask questions about your history of headaches, symptoms, triggers, hereditary predisposition and drugs taken.
    • Neurological examination: The doctor will conduct a neurological examination to assess the function of the nervous system.
    • Exclusion of other diseases: The doctor may prescribe additional examinations, such as an MRI or CT of the brain, to exclude other diseases that cause a headache.
    • Migraine diagnostics criteria: The diagnosis of migraine is made on the basis of certain criteria developed by the International Headache Society (IHS). These criteria include a certain amount of headache attacks, the presence of certain symptoms, such as pulsating pain, unilateral localization, increased pain in physical activity, nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia.
    • Differential diagnosis: It is important to exclude other causes of a headache, such as brain tumors, aneurysms, meningitis and other diseases.

Section 2: Migraine Management – Active approach

  1. Drug treatment: acute and preventive therapy: Migraine treatment includes acute therapy (to stop the attack) and preventive therapy (to reduce the frequency and intensity of attacks).

    • Acute therapy:
      • Anesthetic drugs: Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as Ibuprofen, steady, ketoprofen.
      • TRIPTA: Specialized preparations for the treatment of migraine, such as summptor, risatriciptan, ethletriptan. Triptans act by narrowing the blood vessels in the brain and blocking the release of certain substances causing headache.
      • Ergotamines: Previously, migraines were widely used, but are currently used less often due to side effects.
      • Antimetics: Preparations for removing nausea and vomiting, such as metoclopramide, domperidon.
      • Combined drugs: Drugs containing painkillers, caffeine and anti -emitics.
    • Preventive therapy:
      • Beta blockers: Propranolol, Metoprolol.
      • Antidepressants: Amitriptylin, Wenlafaxin.
      • Anticonvulsants: Topiramate, Valpoevaya Oilota.
      • Calcium channel blockers: Flunarizin.
      • Monoclonal antibodies to CGRP: Erenumab, Freanzumab, Galkanzumab. These drugs block the effect of CGRP (calcitonin-generational peptide), which plays an important role in the development of migraine.
      • Botulininic toxin (Botox): Used to treat chronic migraines.
    • Choosing a drug: The choice of the drug depends on the frequency and intensity of attacks, the presence of concomitant diseases and the individual characteristics of the patient.
    • Side effects: It is important to discuss with the doctor possible side effects of drugs.
    • Regular medication: To achieve the best effect, preventive drugs should be taken regularly, in accordance with the recommendations of the doctor.
    • Excessive use of drugs: Excessive use of painkillers can lead to the development of drug-induced headache.

  2. Non -drug methods: Natural support: Non -drug methods can be an effective addition to drug treatment.

    • Regular sleep mode: Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends.
    • Healthy nutrition: Balanced diet with regular meals. Avoid passes of eating and eating products that provoke migraine.
    • Physical activity: Regular moderate physical activity, such as walking, swimming, yoga.
    • Stress management: Relaxation methods such as meditation, yoga, deep breathing.
    • Biological feedback (BOS): A method that allows you to learn how to control physiological processes, such as heart rate, muscle tension and skin temperature.
    • Acupuncture: The method of traditional Chinese medicine, in which thin needles are inserted into certain points on the body.
    • Massage: Massage can help relieve muscle tension and reduce stress.
    • Cognitive-behavioral therapy (KPT): The psychotherapeutic method that helps to change the negative thoughts and behavior associated with migraine.
    • Relaxation techniques: Autogenic training, progressive muscle relaxation.
    • Herbal additives and vitamins: Some herbal additives and vitamins, such as magnesium, coenzyme Q10, riboflavin (vitamin B2) and pyrethrum, can help reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks. However, before taking any additives, it is necessary to consult a doctor.
    • Cooling compresses: Applying cold compresses to the forehead or neck can help reduce pain.
    • Dark and quiet room: During a migraine attack, it is recommended to be in a dark and quiet room.
    • Aromatherapy: Some essential oils, such as lavender and peppermint, can help reduce pain and relax.
    • Hydrotherapy: Contrast shower, baths with sea salt.

  3. Life change change: long -term health investments: A change in lifestyle can significantly improve the quality of life and reduce the frequency of migraine attacks.

    • Creating a comfortable sleeping environment: Dark, quiet and cool room. Use a sleep mask and bers, if necessary.
    • Regular physical exercises: Moderate physical activity is at least 30 minutes a day, most days of the week.
    • Stress management techniques: Sign up for meditation or yoga courses.
    • Avoiding famous triggers: Carefully study your headache diary and avoid products, drinks and situations that provoke migraines.
    • Maintaining water balance: Drink enough water during the day.
    • Regular meals: Do not skip food meals and eat healthy food.
    • Refusal of smoking: Smoking can aggravate migraines.
    • Moderate alcohol consumption: Limit alcohol use or completely abandon it.
    • Correct posture: Follow your posture during work and rest. Use an ergonomic chair and keyboard.
    • Regular breaks: Take regular breaks while working at a computer or when performing other tasks requiring a long stay in one position.
    • Optimization of the workplace: Make sure your workplace is well lit and that you have a comfortable chair and a table.
    • Support: Contact your friends, family or psychologist for support.

Section 3: Advanced Strategies and Innovations

  1. Botox injections: effective treatment of chronic migraines: Botulinic toxin (Botox) injections are an effective method of treatment of chronic migraine (headaches 15 or more days a month).

    • The mechanism of action: Botox blocks the release of neurotransmitters participating in the transmission of pain signals.
    • Procedure: Botox injections are introduced into the muscles of the head and neck every 12 weeks.
    • Efficiency: Botox can significantly reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks.
    • Side effects: Possible side effects include pain in the injection site, headache, muscle weakness.
    • To whom it suits: Botox is suitable for patients with chronic migraine who do not respond to other treatment methods.

  2. Neurostimulation: new horizons in the treatment of migraines: Neurostimulation is a treatment method in which electrical or magnetic impulses are used to stimulate nerves in the brain.

    • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS): The non -invasive method of stimulation of the brain in which magnetic impulses are used.
    • Transcranial stimulation direct current (TSPT): The non -invasive method of stimulation of the brain in which a weak direct current is used.
    • Stimulation of the vagus nerve (SBN): Stimulation of the vagus nerve using an implantable device or non -invasive device applied to the neck.
    • Penettlement stimulation (STO): Stimulation of the occipital nerve using an implantable device.
    • Efficiency: Neurostimulation can help reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks.
    • Indications: Neurostimulation can be recommended to patients who do not respond to other treatment methods.

  3. Monoclonal antibodies to CGRP: revolutionary approach: Monoclonal antibodies to CGRP (calcitonin-gen-in-law peptide) is a new class of drugs for migraine prevention.

    • The mechanism of action: CGRP is a peptide that plays an important role in the development of migraines. Monoclonal antibodies block the action of CGRP or its receptor.
    • Drugs: Erenumab, Fremanesezumab, Galkaneesezumab, Eptinezumab.
    • Method of introduction: Monoclonal antibodies are administered as injections once a month or once every three months.
    • Efficiency: Monoclonal antibodies can significantly reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks.
    • Side effects: Possible side effects include pain in the injection, constipation.

  4. Telemedicine: Access to qualified assistance from home: Telemedicine allows you to receive a doctor’s consultations and recommendations for the treatment of migraine remotely, using video communication or other means of communication.

    • Advantages: Convenience, accessibility, saving time and money.
    • Possibilities: Consultations with a neurologist, monitoring of symptoms, adjustment of treatment, obtaining prescriptions.
    • Restrictions: The impossibility of conducting a physical examination.
    • The choice of telemedicine platform: It is important to choose a reliable telemedicine platform that provides confidentiality and data security.

Section 4: in -depth analysis – scientific research and prospects

  1. Genetics of migraines: heredity and predisposition: Genetics plays an important role in the development of migraine.

    • Heredity: People who have relatives with migraine have a higher risk of developing this disease.
    • Genes: Several genes associated with migraine were identified.
    • Research: Studies in the field of migraine genetics continue.
    • Prospects: In the future, genetic tests can help determine the risk of migraine development and choose the most effective treatment.

  2. Microbias of intestines and migraines: new connection: Studies show that the intestinal microbia, the totality of microorganisms living in the intestine, can play a role in the development of migraines.

    • Dysbiosis: Dysbiosis, violation of the balance of microorganisms in the intestines, may be associated with migraine.
    • Inflammation: The intestinal microbia can affect inflammation in the body, which can contribute to the development of migraine.
    • Research: Studies in the field of intestinal and migraine microbiomas continue.
    • Prospects: In the future, the correction of the intestinal microbioma using probiotics, prebiotics or changes in the diet can be a new method for treating migraine.

  3. Inflammation and migraine: pathophysiological mechanisms: Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of migraine.

    • Neuroigation: Inflammation in the brain can contribute to the development of migraine.
    • Inflammation mediators: Various inflammation mediators, such as cytokines, can participate in the development of migraines.
    • Research: Studies in the field of inflammation and migraine continue.
    • Prospects: The development of anti -inflammatory drugs aimed at specific inflammation mediators can be a new method for treating migraine.

  4. The role of neurotransmitters in migraines: serotonin, dopamine and others: Neurotransmitters, chemicals that transmit signals between nerve cells play an important role in the development of migraine.

    • Serotonin: The level of serotonin can change during migraine attacks.
    • Dofamine: Dopamine can play a role in the development of nausea and vomiting accompanying migraines.
    • Glutamate: Glutamate is an exciting neurotransmitter that can participate in the development of migraines.
    • GABA: GABA is a brake neurotransmitter that can play a role in protection against migraine.
    • Research: Studies in the field of neurotransmitters and migraines continue.
    • Prospects: The development of drugs aimed at specific neurotransmitters can be a new method for treating migraines.

Section 5: Tips and recommendations from experts

  1. The choice of a doctor: how to find a qualified specialist: The choice of a qualified specialist is an important step in managing migraine.

    • Choice criteria: Work experience, specialization, patient reviews.
    • Recommendations: Seek the recommendations for friends, relatives or other doctors.
    • Online resources: Use online resources to search for doctors in your region.
    • First consultation: Prepare for the first consultation, write down your questions and symptoms.

  2. Communication with a doctor: effective interaction: Effective communication with a doctor is the key to the successful treatment of migraine.

    • Preparation for the visit: Write down your symptoms, questions and triggers.
    • Be frank: Tell the doctor about all your symptoms and medications taken.
    • Ask questions: Feel free to ask the doctor questions.
    • Follow the recommendations: Follow the doctor’s recommendations for the treatment and change of lifestyle.
    • Feedback: Tell the doctor about the effectiveness of treatment and side effects.

  3. Support and communities: Do not be left alone with the problem: Support from other people with migraine can be very valuable.

    • Online communities: Join the online communities of people with migraine.
    • Support groups: Visit groups of people with migraine.
    • Family and friendly support: Tell your loved ones about your migraine and ask them about support.
    • Psychological support: Contact the psychologist to obtain psychological support.

  4. Self -help: tools and resources for managing migraine: There are various tools and resources that can help you control migraines.

    • Headache diary: Keep a headache diary to identify triggers and monitor the effectiveness of treatment.
    • Applications for smartphones: Use smartphones designed to control migraines.
    • Websites and online resources: Use websites and online resources to obtain information about migraine.
    • Books and Articles: Read books and articles about migraines.
    • Training programs: Visit training programs for people with migraine.

  5. Nutrition with migraines: what is there and what to avoid: Proper nutrition can help reduce the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks.

    • Products that should be avoided: Tested cheeses, processed products, chocolate, alcohol, caffeine, artificial sweeteners, sodium glutamate (MSG).
    • Products that should be consumed: Fruits, vegetables, whole grain products, low -fat meat, fish, nuts, seeds.
    • Regular meals: Do not skip food meals and eat healthy food.
    • Maintaining water balance: Drink enough water during the day.
    • Individual diet: Develop an individual diet with a nutritionist.

  6. Prospects for the future: New research and development: Migraine studies continue, and new treatment methods may appear in the future.

    • New drugs: New drugs are being developed for the prevention and treatment of migraines.
    • New methods of neurostimulations: New neurostimulation methods are being developed for the treatment of migraine.
    • Genetic research: Genetic studies can help determine the risk of migraine development and choose the most effective treatment.
    • Personalized medicine: In the future, migraine treatment can be more personalized and take into account the individual characteristics of the patient.

Section 6: Practical Instructions – step by step to relief

  1. How to remove a migraine attack: step -by -step instructions:

    • Stop and rest: As soon as you feel the approach of a migraine attack, stop what you are doing and find a quiet and dark place to relax.
    • Accept the medicine: Take the medicine prescribed by the doctor to stop the migraine attack, such as triptans or NSAIDs.
    • Attach a cold compress: Attach a cold compress to the forehead or neck.
    • Drink water: Dehydration can aggravate migraines, so drink a glass of water.
    • Make a light massage: Make a slight massage of the neck and shoulders.
    • Try relaxation techniques: Try relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or meditation.
    • Relax: Try to fall asleep if possible.
    • Avoid triggers: Avoid triggers such as bright light, loud sounds and strong smells.
    • Consult a doctor: If a migraine attack does not pass or intensify, consult a doctor.

  2. How to keep a headache diary: Practical Guide:

    • Select the format: Choose a headache diary format that is convenient for you, for example, a paper diary, a spreadsheet or an application for a smartphone.
    • Record the information: Write down the date, start and end of the headache, the intensity of pain, accompanying symptoms, medications taken, as well as all possible triggers that could provoke a headache.
    • Be accurate: Be accurate and detailed in your notes.
    • Analyze the data: Regularly analyze the data of your headache diary to identify triggers and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.
    • Show the diary for the doctor: Show your headache diary for a doctor during consultations.

  3. How to cope with stress: stress relaxation and control techniques:

    • Deep breath: Practice deep breathing several times a day.
    • Meditation: Meditize 10-15 minutes every day.
    • Yoga: Do yoga several times a week.
    • Natural walks: Spend time in nature.
    • Hobbies: Do your favorite thing.
    • Communication with friends and family: Spend time with friends and family.
    • Independent settlement: Study independent settlement techniques, such as visualization and progressive muscle relaxation.
    • Psychotherapy: Contact a psychologist to receive assistance in stress management.

  4. How to improve sleep: tips for a healthy sleep:

    • Regular sleep mode: Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends.
    • Comfortable sleeping: Dark, quiet and cool room. Use a sleep mask and bers, if necessary.
    • Avoid caffeine and alcohol: Avoid the use of caffeine and alcohol before bedtime.
    • Relaxation before bedtime: Relax before going to bed, take a warm bath or read the book.
    • Physical activity: Take physical activity during the day, but avoid intensive training before going to bed.
    • Limit the time spent on the screen: Limit the time spent on the screen of the phone, tablet or computer before bedtime.
    • Consultation with a doctor: Consult a doctor if you have problems with sleep.

  5. How to organize a workplace: ergonomics and optimization:

    • Correct posture: Follow your posture during work.
    • Ergonomic chair: Use an ergonomic chair with adjustable height and back support.
    • The correct location of the monitor: Place the monitor at eye level to avoid tension in the neck.
    • Ergonomic keyboard and mouse: Use the ergonomic keyboard and mouse to reduce the load on the wrists.
    • Regular breaks: Take regular breaks for warm -up and relaxation.
    • Optimal lighting: Provide sufficient lighting of the workplace to avoid eye stress.
    • Organization of workspace: Organize the workspace so that all the necessary items are at hand.

Section 7: Real stories – inspiration and hope

  1. History 1: Overcoming chronic migraine using an integrated approach:

    • Case description: The story of a patient suffering from a chronic migraine who was able to significantly improve his condition thanks to an integrated approach, including drug treatment, a change in lifestyle and psychotherapy.
    • Lessons: The importance of an integrated approach to the treatment of migraine.

  2. History 2: Life without migraine: change in lifestyle and awareness:

    • Case description: The story of a patient who was able to significantly reduce the frequency of migraine attacks, changing his lifestyle and learning awareness.
    • Lessons: The importance of a healthy lifestyle and awareness in the management of migraine.

  3. History 3: New Migraine treatment methods: monoclonal antibodies and hope:

    • Case description: The story of a patient who helped with monoclonal antibodies to CGRP helped.
    • Lessons: The effectiveness of new migraine treatment methods.

  4. History 4: Support and community: the way to alleviate the symptoms of migraines:

    • Case description: The story of a patient who helped support from other people suffering from migraine.
    • Lessons: The importance of support and communication with other people in migraine management.

  5. History 5: Migraine and pregnancy: Caring for the health of mom and baby:

    • Case description: The story of a woman who has encountered migraine during pregnancy and was able to cope with this with the help of doctors consultations and a change in lifestyle.
    • Lessons: The importance of consultations with a doctor and health care during pregnancy.

Section 8: Frequently asked questions – answers to your questions

  1. Migraine is forever?

    • Answer: Although migraine is a chronic disease, it can be successfully controlled using various methods of treatment and changing lifestyle.

  2. What products most often cause migraine?

    • Answer: Conducted cheeses, processed products, chocolate, alcohol, caffeine, artificial sweeteners, sodium glutamate (MSG).

  3. Is it possible to play sports with migraines?

    • Answer: Yes, moderate physical activity can help reduce the frequency of migraine attacks.

  4. What medicines can be taken during pregnancy during migraine?

    • Answer: You need to consult a doctor to select safe medicines during pregnancy.

  5. ** How to distinguish migraines from ordinary headache?

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