Dietary supplements for the health of the eyes and vision

Bad for the health of the eyes and vision: Complex review

Section 1: Fundamental aspects of the health of the eye and vision

Vision is one of the most important feelings that allows us to perceive the world around us in all its glory. It provides orientation in space, interaction with other people and obtaining information. Eye health is critical for maintaining high quality life. However, various factors negatively affect vision, including age, genetics, ecology, diet and lifestyle. Understanding these factors and their influence is of paramount importance for making conscious decisions regarding the health of the eyes.

1. 1 Anatomy and physiology of the eye: The eye is a complex organ consisting of many components, each of which performs its own unique function. These include:

   • Cornea: A transparent outer shell, refracting light entering the eye.
   • Iris: The painted part of the eye that controls the amount of light falling into the pupil.
   • Pupil: A hole in the rainbow shell that regulates the size depending on the lighting.
   • Crystalik: A transparent lens, focusing light on the retina.
   • Retina: Photosensitive fabric lining the back of the eye containing photoreceptors (sticks and cones).
   • Sticks: Photoreceptors responsible for vision in low light conditions (night vision).
   • Knukes: Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and vision in high light conditions.
   • Visual nerve: Transfers visual information from the retina to the brain.
   • Yellow spot (macula): The central region of the retina, responsible for acute vision.
   • Vitreous body: A transparent gel filling the space between the lens and the retina.

   Violation of the functions of any of these components can lead to a deterioration in vision or the development of eye diseases.

2. 2 Eye risk factors: Many factors can negatively affect the health of the eyes and vision:

   • Age: Age -related changes are one of the main causes of visual impairment, including age -related macular degeneration (VMD), cataract and glaucoma.
   • Genetics: Heredity plays an important role in predisposition to some eye diseases.
   • Environment: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, air pollution and other environmental factors can damage the eyes.
   • Diet: Unbalanced nutrition, a deficiency of vitamins and minerals can negatively affect the health of the eyes.
   • Life: Smoking, alcohol abuse, insufficient sleep and prolonged work at the computer can increase the risk of eye diseases.
   • Chronic diseases: Diabetes, hypertension and other chronic diseases can have a negative effect on vision.
   • Injuries: Eye injuries can lead to irreversible damage and visual impairment.

3. 3 Common eye diseases: There are many eye diseases that can lead to visual impairment or blindness:

   • Age macular degeneration (VMD): A disease that affects the macule, leading to the loss of central vision. There are two forms of VMD: dry and wet.
   • Cataract: Clouding of the lens, leading to visual impairment.
   • Glaucoma: A group of diseases characterized by damage to the optic nerve, often associated with increased intraocular pressure.
   • Diabetic retinopathy: Damage to the blood vessels of the retina caused by diabetes.
   • Dry eye syndrome: A condition characterized by insufficient moisture of the eyes, leading to discomfort and visual impairment.
   • Myopia (myopia): A condition in which a person sees well nearby, but does not see it badly into the distance.
   • Fruise (hyperopy): A condition in which a person sees well into the distance, but sees poorly close.
   • Astigmatism: A condition in which the cornea or lens has an irregular shape, which leads to distorted vision.
   • Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the conjunctiva (transparent membrane, covering the eyes and inner surface of the eyelids).

4. 4 The role of nutrition in the health of the eyes: Proper nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the health of the eyes. Some nutrients are especially important for the health of the retina, lens and other components of the eye.

Section 2: Bad for vision: Review of the main components

Biologically active additives (dietary supplements) can be a useful addition to the diet to maintain eye health and prevent eye diseases. However, it is important to understand that dietary supplements are not a replacement for good nutrition and medical treatment. Before taking dietary supplements, you need to consult a doctor.

2. 1 Lutein and zeaxanthin: These carotenoids are the main components of the macula and play an important role in protecting the retina from the damaging effects of blue light and free radicals.

   • The mechanism of action: Luthein and Zeaksantin absorb blue light, neutralize free radicals and improve visual acuity.
   • Sources: Dark green leafy vegetables (spinach, cabbage), corn, egg yolk.
   • Indications: Prevention and treatment of VMD, cataracts.
   • Recommended dosage: 10-20 mg of lutein and 2-4 mg of Zeaksanthin per day.
   • Contraindications and side effects: Usually tolerate well. In rare cases, yellowing of the skin (carotinemia), which is harmless, can cause yellowing.

3. 2 Omega-3 fatty acids: These polyunsaturated fatty acids play an important role in the health of the retina and a decrease in the risk of developing dry eye syndrome.

   • The mechanism of action: Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties, improve the blood supply to the retina and support the integrity of cell membranes.
   • Sources: Fatty fish (salmon, sardine, tuna), linen seed, walnuts, fish oil.
   • Indications: Prevention and treatment of VMD, dry eye syndrome, diabetic retinopathy.
   • Recommended dosage: 1000-3000 mg per day containing at least 500 mg of EPK (eicopascentaenic acid) and DGK (preshase acid).
   • Contraindications and side effects: They can cause stomach disorder, nausea, belching. In large doses, the risk of bleeding can increase. With caution should be used when taking anticoagulants.

4. 3 Vitamin C.: A powerful antioxidant that protects the eyes from the damaging effects of free radicals.

   • The mechanism of action: Vitamin C neutralizes free radicals, participates in the synthesis of collagen necessary for the health of the cornea and lens.
   • Sources: Citrus fruits, berries, pepper, broccoli.
   • Indications: Cataract prevention, VMD.
   • Recommended dosage: 500-1000 mg per day.
   • Contraindications and side effects: In large doses can cause stomach disorder, diarrhea. With caution should be used for kidney diseases.

5. 4 Vitamin E: Antioxidant protecting cell membranes from damage.

   • The mechanism of action: Vitamin E neutralizes free radicals, protects cell membranes from oxidation.
   • Sources: Vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, green leafy vegetables.
   • Indications: Cataract prevention, VMD.
   • Recommended dosage: 15-30 mg per day.
   • Contraindications and side effects: In large doses, the risk of bleeding can increase. With caution should be used when taking anticoagulants.

6. 5 Zinc: Mineral necessary for the health of the retina and optic nerve.

   • The mechanism of action: Zinc is involved in vitamin A metabolism, necessary for vision, and is a component of antioxidant enzymes.
   • Sources: Red meat, seafood, nuts, seeds.
   • Indications: Prevention and treatment of VMD.
   • Recommended dosage: 8-11 mg per day.
   • Contraindications and side effects: In large doses, it can cause stomach disorder, nausea, vomiting, a decrease in copper levels.

7. 6 Vitamin a: It is necessary for the health of the cornea and vision in conditions of low illumination.

   • The mechanism of action: Vitamin A is a component of rhodopsin, visual pigment necessary for night vision.
   • Sources: Liver, carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach.
   • Indications: Prevention of xerophthalmia (dry eyes), improvement of night vision.
   • Recommended dosage: 900 mcg for men and 700 mcg for women per day. In the form of beta-carotene, the dosage may be higher.
   • Contraindications and side effects: In large doses, it can be toxic and cause headache, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, liver damage. Not recommended for pregnant women in large doses.

8. 7 Selenium: An antioxidant that protects the eyes from the damaging effects of free radicals.

   • The mechanism of action: Selenium is a component of antioxidant enzyme glutathioneperoxidase.
   • Sources: Brazilian nuts, tuna, sardines, eggs.
   • Indications: Cataract prevention, VMD.
   • Recommended dosage: 55 mcg per day.
   • Contraindications and side effects: In large doses can cause nausea, vomiting, hair loss, damage to the nervous system.

9. 8 Blueberry extract: Contains anti -Senses with antioxidant and anti -inflammatory properties.

   • The mechanism of action: Anthocyans strengthen blood vessels, improve blood microcirculation in the retina and protect the cells from damage to free radicals.
   • Sources: Blueberries, blackberries, cranberries.
   • Indications: Improving night vision, prevention of diabetic retinopathy, decrease in eye fatigue.
   • Recommended dosage: 160-480 mg Extract of blueberries per day.
   • Contraindications and side effects: Usually well tolerated. In rare cases, it can cause stomach disorder.

10. 9 Alpha-lipoic acid: A powerful antioxidant that protects the eyes from the damaging effects of free radicals and improves cell metabolism.

    • The mechanism of action: Alpha-lipoic acid neutralizes free radicals, improves energy metabolism in cells, has anti-inflammatory properties.
    • Sources: Spinach, broccoli, tomatoes, meat.
    • Indications: Prevention of cataracts, glaucomas, diabetic retinopathy.
    • Recommended dosage: 300-600 mg per day.
    • Contraindications and side effects: Can cause a stomach disorder, nausea, skin rashes. With caution should be used for diabetes, as it can reduce blood sugar.

11. 10 Taurin: Amino acid necessary for the health of the retina.

    • The mechanism of action: Taurin protects the retinal cells from damage, regulates the level of calcium and has antioxidant properties.
    • Sources: Meat, fish, eggs.
    • Indications: Prevention of diabetic retinopathy, VMD.
    • Recommended dosage: 500-1500 mg per day.
    • Contraindications and side effects: Usually well tolerated. In rare cases, it can cause stomach disorder.

Section 3: Choosing and applying dietary supplements for vision

The correct choice and application of dietary supplements for vision is crucial for achieving the desired results and minimizing the risk of side effects.

3. 1 Consultation with a doctor: Before taking any dietary supplements for vision, you need to consult a doctor. The doctor will conduct an examination of the eyes, evaluate the state of health, identify possible contraindications and help you choose the optimal complex of dietary supplements.

4. 2 Choosing a quality product: When choosing dietary supplements for vision, attention should be paid to the following factors:

   • Reputation: Choose dietary supplements from famous and reliable manufacturers with a good reputation.
   • Composition: Carefully study the composition of the dietary supplement. Make sure that it contains the necessary ingredients in effective dosages.
   • Certification: Make sure that the dietary supplement is certified by the relevant authorities (for example, GMP).
   • Consumer reviews: Check out the reviews of other consumers about this product.

5. 3 Compliance with the dosage: Strictly observe the recommended dosage indicated on the pack of dietary supplements or prescribed by a doctor. Do not exceed the dosage, as this can lead to side effects.

6. 4 Duration of admission: The duration of the reception of dietary supplements for vision can vary depending on the state of health and goals of admission. It is usually recommended to take dietary supplements with courses lasting from 1 to 3 months with interruptions.

7. 5 Interaction with other drugs: Tell the doctor about all medicines and dietary supplements that you take to avoid possible interactions.

8. 6 Side effects: Carefully follow your condition during the admission of dietary supplements. When any side effects appear, stop taking immediately and consult a doctor.

9. 7 Combination with proper nutrition and lifestyle: To achieve the maximum effect of taking dietary supplements for vision, it is necessary to combine them with proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. Include products rich in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants in your diet, regularly play sports, avoid smoking and alcohol abuse, protect your eyes from UV radiation and take breaks when working at the computer.

Section 4: Dietary dietary supplements for various eye diseases

The use of dietary supplements can be a useful addition to the main treatment for various eye diseases. However, it is important to understand that dietary supplements are not a replacement for medical treatment and cannot cure the disease. Before using dietary supplements, you need to consult a doctor.

4. 1 Age macular degeneration (VMD): Luthein and Zeaksanthin, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins C and E, zinc and copper.

5. 2 Cataract: Vitamins C and E, selenium, alpha-lipoic acid.

6. 3 Glaucoma: Alpha lipoic acid, blueberry extract.

7. 4 Diabetic retinopathy: Omega-3 fatty acids, blueberry extract, alpha-lipoic acid, taurin.

8. 5 Dry eye syndrome: Omega-3 fatty acids.

9. 6 Myopia (myopia): Blueberry extract.

Section 5: Research and clinical tests of dietary supplements for vision

Many studies and clinical trials confirm the benefits of dietary supplements for the health of the eyes and vision.

5. 1 AREDS и AREDS2: Large clinical trials conducted by the US National Institute of Eye showed that taking certain combinations of vitamins and minerals (vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, zinc and copper) can slow down the progression of the VMD. In the Areds2 study, beta-carotene was replaced by Luthein and Zeaksanthin, as it was shown that beta-carotene can increase the risk of lung cancer among smokers.

6. 2 Omega-3 fatty research research: Numerous studies have shown that the intake of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the risk of developing the VMD and dry eye syndrome.

7. 3 Blueberry extract studies: Some studies have shown that taking blueberry extract can improve night vision and reduce eye fatigue.

8. 4 Meta analyzes: Meta-analyzes that combine the results of several studies confirm the benefits of Luthein and Zeaxanthin to prevent VMD and cataracts.

Section 6: New developments in the field of dietary supplements for vision

Science does not stand still, and new developments in the field of dietary supplements are constantly appearing.

6. 1 Liposomal forms of dietary supplements: Liposomes are microscopic spherical particles consisting of lipids. Liposomal forms of dietary supplements provide a more effective delivery of nutrients to eye cells.

7. 2 Nanoparticles: The use of nanoparticles allows you to increase the bioavailability and effectiveness of dietary supplements.

8. 3 Personalized approach: Bades are developed that take into account the individual characteristics of the body, genetic predisposition and health status.

Section 7: myths and misconceptions about dietary supplements for vision

There are many myths and misconceptions about dietary supplements for vision. It is important to distinguish the truth from fiction in order to make conscious decisions regarding your health.

7. 1 Myth: dietary supplements can cure eye diseases. Fact: dietary supplements cannot cure eye diseases, but can be a useful addition to the main treatment.

8. 2 Myth: the greater the dosage, the better the effect. Fact: Exceeding the recommended dosage can lead to side effects.

9. 3 Myth: all dietary supplements are equally effective. Fact: The effectiveness of dietary supplements can vary depending on the quality of the product, composition and individual characteristics of the body.

10. 4 Myth: dietary supplements have no side effects. Fact: dietary supplements can cause side effects, especially if the recommended dosage is exceeded or when interacting with other drugs.

Section 8: Conclusion

Bades can be a useful tool for maintaining the health of the eyes and preventing eye diseases. However, it is important to understand that they are not a panacea and cannot replace full nutrition, a healthy lifestyle and medical treatment. Before taking any dietary supplements, you need to consult a doctor and choose quality products from reliable manufacturers.

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