Bad safety: what to pay attention to

Bad safety: what to pay attention to

In the modern world, where the desire for a healthy lifestyle and maintaining optimal well -being is becoming more and more relevant, biologically active additives (dietary supplements) are gaining more popularity. However, wide availability and active marketing campaign do not guarantee their safety and efficiency. Consumers often face an abundance of information, often contradictory, which complicates the adoption of reasonable decisions. Therefore, a critical approach to choosing and using dietary supplements is the key to ensuring security and achieving the desired result. This article is a comprehensive analysis of aspects that should be paid attention to when choosing and using dietary supplements in order to minimize risks and maximize benefits.

1. Legal status and regulation of dietary supplements: regulatory framework and its restrictions.

Understanding the legal status of dietary supplements is fundamental for assessing their security. Unlike drugs that undergo strict clinical trials and are subject to strict control by regulatory authorities, dietary supplements in most countries, including Russia, belong to food products. This means that the requirements for their production, composition and marketing are much less strict.

• Russian legislation: The main regulatory documents governing the turnover of dietary supplements in Russia are Federal Law No. 29-FZ “On the quality and safety of food products” and the technical regulation of the Customs Union TR TS 021/2011 “On food safety”. These documents establish general requirements for food safety, including dietary supplements. However, specific requirements for the effectiveness of dietary supplements are practically absent. The procedure for registering dietary supplements includes the provision of documents confirming the safety of products, but does not require evidence of its clinical efficiency. This creates a situation where dietary supplements may be present on the market whose safety is confirmed, but the effectiveness is not proven.
• Differences from drugs: The key difference is the burden of proof. For the drug, the manufacturer is obliged to prove its effectiveness and safety during clinical trials. For Bad, the manufacturer should only demonstrate that the product is not dangerous to health, subject to recommended dosages. This greatly simplifies the procedure for withdrawing a dietary supplement to the market and reduces the cost of the manufacturer.
• Regulation restrictions: Insufficient regulation of dietary supplements leads to a number of problems. Firstly, it is a risk of falsification and poor-quality production. Secondly, the lack of strict requirements for the composition allows manufacturers to include ingredients in dosages that can be ineffective or even harmful. Thirdly, manufacturers often abuse marketing statements, exaggerating the benefits of dietary supplements and misleading consumers. Fourth, monitoring compliance with dietary supplements is often insufficient, which creates opportunities for unscrupulous manufacturers.
• International standards: The situation with the regulation of dietary supplements varies in different countries. In the United States, for example, dietary supplements are regulated by the Office for the quality of food and medicines (FDA) under the Law on Food Addles, Health and Education (DSHEA). In Europe, the regulation of dietary supplements is carried out at the level of the European Union and national states. In general, in developed countries, the regulation of dietary supplements is more strict than in Russia, but is still inferior to the regulation of drugs.
• What does this mean for the consumer: The consumer must understand that dietary supplements are not a medicine and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. The lack of strict requirements for the effectiveness of dietary supplements means that relying on the promises of manufacturers is not worth it. When choosing a dietary supplement, it is necessary to carefully study the composition, check the availability of quality certificates and consult a doctor.

2. The composition of dietary supplements: analysis of ingredients and potential risks.

A thorough analysis of the composition of Bad is one of the most important stages of assessing its security. It is necessary to pay attention to all the ingredients, including active substances, auxiliary components and additives.

• Active substances: Active substances are components that are supposed to have a therapeutic effect. They can be plant, animal or synthetic origin. It is important to make sure that active substances are contained in the dietary supplement in a sufficient concentration to have the desired effect. However, too high dosages of active substances can also be dangerous. It is necessary to study scientific studies confirming the effectiveness and safety of active substances in the declared dosages. The possible interactions of active substances with other drugs or dietary supplements should also be taken into account.
• Auxiliary components: Auxiliary components are used to give the BAD a certain form, improve its taste or increase the expiration date. They can include fillers, binders, dyes, flavors, preservatives and other additives. Some auxiliary components can cause allergic reactions or other side effects in sensitive people. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully study the list of ingredients and avoid dietary supplements containing components that you have allergies or intolerance.
• Forbidden ingredients: Sometimes dad manufacturers can add prohibited or dangerous ingredients to their products to enhance the effect or reduce the cost. Such ingredients may include synthetic drugs, hormones, stimulants and other substances that are not allowed for use in food. The presence of such ingredients in the dietary supplement may pose a serious health hazard. To avoid the purchase of a dietary supplement containing prohibited ingredients, it is necessary to buy products only from trusted manufacturers and suppliers. You should also pay attention to the suspiciously low price of dietary supplements, which may indicate poor -quality production or use of cheap, but dangerous ingredients.
• Allergens: Many dietary supplements contain potential allergens, such as gluten, soy, milk, eggs, nuts and seafood. People with allergies need to carefully study the list of ingredients and avoid dietary supplements containing allergens. Manufacturers are required to indicate the presence of allergens as part of the product, but sometimes this is done fuzzy or incompletely. Therefore, if you have an allergy, it is better to consult a doctor or pharmacist before using dietary supplements.
• Toxic elements: Some dietary supplements, especially those made from plant materials, may contain toxic elements such as heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic) and pesticides. The content of these elements should be strictly regulated, but sometimes manufacturers violate these requirements. Long -term use of dietary supplements containing toxic elements can lead to serious health problems. To minimize this risk, it is necessary to choose dietary supplements from trusted manufacturers who control the quality of raw materials and finished products.
• Checking the composition: Information about the composition of the dietary supplement should be clearly and legibly indicated on the packaging. If the list of ingredients is incomplete or unclear, this should cause suspicion. You can use online databases and reference books to check the information about the ingredients and their potential risks. You can also consult a doctor or pharmacist for consultation.

3. Quality control of dietary supplements: certification and standards of production.

Bad quality guarantee is a key factor that determines its safety and efficiency. It is important for the consumer to understand what production standards exist and how to check the availability of quality certificates.

• Production standards (GMP): Good Manuapacturing Practice (GMP) is an international standard that determines the requirements for the production of medicines, food products and dietary supplements. GMP covers all aspects of production, ranging from the quality of the raw materials to the packaging and transportation of finished products. The production of dietary supplements in accordance with the GMP standard allows us to guarantee that the product is produced in appropriate conditions, from high -quality raw materials and corresponds to the declared composition. The presence of a GMP certificate is an important indicator of the quality of the dietary supplement.
• Certification: In Russia, dietary supplements are subject to mandatory state registration. In the process of registration, the safety of dietary supplements is checked, but not its effectiveness. After registration of the BAD, a certificate of state registration (SGR) is issued. The presence of the SGR on the Bad packaging indicates that the product meets the safety requirements established by Russian legislation. However, the presence of SGR is not a guarantee of the quality and efficiency of dietary supplements. Some manufacturers also receive voluntary certificates of compliance with quality standards, such as ISO 9001. The presence of such certificates may indicate a higher quality control level.
• Certificate authentication check: To verify the authenticity of quality certificates, you can check them on the website of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Blessing (Rospotrebnadzor). On the website of Rospotrebnadzor you can find information about registered dietary supplements and check the validity period of the SGR. You can also contact the manufacturer and request a copy of the quality certificate.
• Independent laboratories: Some manufacturers conduct independent laboratory studies of their products to confirm its quality and compliance with the declared composition. The results of these studies can be published on the manufacturer’s website or provided on request. The presence of the results of independent laboratory tests is an additional confirmation of the quality of the dietary supplement.
• Consumer reviews: Consumer reviews can be a useful source of information about the quality and effectiveness of Bad. However, it should be borne in mind that reviews can be subjective and biased. It is necessary to critically evaluate reviews and take into account other factors, such as the reputation of the manufacturer and the availability of quality certificates.
• The selection of the manufacturer: When choosing a dietary supplement, it is necessary to give preference to manufacturers with a good reputation, who have extensive experience in the market and use high -quality raw materials. You can study information about the manufacturer on its website or in open sources. You can also consult a doctor or pharmacist for consultation on the choice of a manufacturer of Bad.

4. Dosage and reception mode: individual needs and recommendations of specialists.

The correct choice of dosage and dosage mode is crucial for achieving the desired effect and minimizing risks. The manufacturer’s recommendations indicated on the packaging should be considered only as a starting point.

• Individual needs: The optimal dosage of dietary supplements depends on the individual needs of a person, his age, gender, state of health, lifestyle and other factors. For example, the need for vitamins and minerals may be higher in pregnant women, nursing mothers, athletes and people suffering from certain diseases. Therefore, before using dietary supplements, it is necessary to consult a doctor or nutritionist in order to determine the optimal dosage and reception mode.
• Manufacturer’s recommendations: Dad manufacturers indicate the recommended dosages and reception modes on the packaging of the product. These recommendations are based on scientific data and clinical research. However, it should be borne in mind that the recommended dosages can be averaged and not to take into account the individual characteristics of a person. Therefore, it is recommended to start with a minimum dosage and gradually increase it, if necessary and does not cause side effects.
• Dosage exceeding: Exceeding the recommended dosage of dietary supplements can be dangerous to health. Some vitamins and minerals, for example, vitamin A and iron, can be toxic in large doses. Exceeding the dosage of dietary supplements can lead to side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache and other unpleasant symptoms. In severe cases, an overdose of dietary supplements can lead to serious health problems and even death.
• Duration of admission: The duration of dietary supplement also depends on the individual needs and goals of application. Some dietary supplements, for example, vitamin D, can be taken for a long time, especially in the winter season. Other dietary supplements, for example, antioxidants, are recommended to take courses, with interruptions. Long -term use of some dietary supplements can lead to side effects, such as the imbalance of intestinal microflora or dependence. Therefore, before prolonged use of dietary supplements, it is necessary to consult a doctor or nutritionist.
• Combination with drugs: Some dietary supplements can interact with drugs, enhancing or weakening their effect. For example, vitamin K can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants, and St. John’s wort can reduce the effectiveness of antidepressants. Before using dietary supplements, it is necessary to inform the doctor about all the drugs that you take to avoid undesirable interactions.
• Reception on an empty stomach or after eating: The dietary time for the dietary supplement can affect its assimilation and effectiveness. Some dietary supplements, for example, fat -soluble vitamins, are better absorbed with food containing fats. Other dietary supplements, for example, iron, are better absorbed on an empty stomach. Recommendations on the time of admission of dietary supplements are usually indicated on the packaging of the product.

5. Interaction of dietary supplements with drugs: pharmacological aspects and risks.

Underestimation of the interaction of dietary supplements with drugs can lead to serious consequences, including a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment and the occurrence of undesirable side effects. Understanding the pharmacological aspects of interaction is necessary to ensure the safety of the patient.

• Pharmacokinetic interactions: Pharmacokinetic interactions affect absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs. Some dietary supplements can affect the activity of enzymes involved in the metabolism of drugs, which can lead to a change in their concentration in the blood. For example, St. John’s wort is induced by P450 cytochrome enzymes, which can reduce the concentration of many drugs, such as antidepressants, anticoagulants and oral contraceptives. Other dietary supplements can affect the absorption of medicines in the intestines, reducing their bioavailability. For example, calcium can reduce the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics.
• Pharmacodynamic interactions: Pharmacodynamic interactions affect the effect of drugs at the level of receptors or other targets. Some dietary supplements can enhance or weaken the effect of drugs that have similar or opposite mechanisms of action. For example, ginkgo biloba and aspirin have anticoagulant properties, so their simultaneous intake can increase the risk of bleeding. Other dietary supplements can compete with drugs for connecting with receptors, reducing their effectiveness. For example, vitamin K can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants such as warfarin.
• Clinically significant interactions: Not all interactions of dietary supplements with drugs are of clinical value. Some interactions may be insignificant and not affect the effectiveness of treatment. However, other interactions can be clinically significant and lead to serious consequences. For example, the interaction of St. John’s wort, which is perforated with antidepressants, can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment of depression, and the interaction of ginkgo bilobe with anticoagulants can lead to bleeding.
• Examples of interactions:
  • St. John’s wort is perforated: It interacts with antidepressants (SIOS, tricyclic antidepressants), anticoagulants (warfarin), oral contraceptives, digoxin, immunosuppressants (cyclosporin), antiretrovirus drugs.
  • Ginkgo biloba: It interacts with anticoagulants (warfarin, aspirin), antitromobocytic drugs (clopidogrel), non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen).
  • Vitamin K: Interacts with anticoagulants (warfarin).
  • Calcium: It interacts with tetracycline antibiotics, bisphosphonates, levotiroxin.
  • Grapefruit juice: It interacts with many drugs, including statins, calcium channels, immunosuppressants.
• Consultation with a doctor: Before using dietary supplements, it is necessary to inform the doctor about all the drugs that you take to avoid undesirable interactions. The doctor can evaluate the risks and benefits from the use of dietary supplements and give recommendations on safe use. You can also contact a pharmacist for consultation on the interaction of dietary supplements with drugs.
• Monitoring: With the simultaneous use of dietary supplements and the drug, it is necessary to carefully monitor your condition and inform the doctor about any side effects. In some cases, it may be necessary to adjust the dose of the drug.

6. Side effects and contraindications to the use of dietary supplements: risk assessment and precautions.

Like any other biologically active substances, dietary supplements can cause side effects and have contraindications for use. It is important to know about possible risks and take precautions.

• Side effects: Side effects of dietary supplements can be different, from light and insignificant to serious and life -threatening. The most common side effects of dietary supplements include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, headache, dizziness, skin rashes and allergic reactions. In rare cases, dietary supplements can cause more serious side effects, such as damage to the liver, kidneys, heart and other organs. Side effects of dietary supplements can be associated with an overdose, individual intolerance, interaction with drugs or the presence of prohibited ingredients in the product.
• Contraindications: Contraindications to the use of dietary supplements are health conditions in which the use of dietary supplements can be dangerous or undesirable. Contraindications to the use of dietary supplements can be absolute or relative. Absolute contraindications are conditions in which the use of dietary supplements is strictly prohibited. Relative contraindications are conditions in which the use of dietary supplements is possible, but with caution and under the control of a doctor. The most common contraindications for the use of dietary supplements include pregnancy, breastfeeding, children’s age, allergic reactions, liver diseases, kidneys, heart, gastrointestinal tract and other chronic diseases.
• At-risk groups: Some groups of people are more at risk of developing side effects of dietary supplements. These groups include pregnant women, nursing mothers, children, elderly people, people with chronic diseases and people taking drugs. These groups of people should be especially careful when using dietary supplements and be sure to consult a doctor before the start of the appointment.
• Allergic reactions: Bades can cause allergic reactions in people sensitive to certain ingredients. Allergic reactions can appear in the form of skin rashes, itching, urticaria, Quincke’s edema, anaphylactic shock and other symptoms. People with allergies need to carefully study the list of dieters and avoid products containing allergens. If the symptoms of an allergic reaction appear, it is necessary to immediately stop taking the dietary supplement and consult a doctor.
• Precautions:
  • Before using dietary supplements, you need to consult a doctor.
  • Carefully study the list of dietary supplements and avoid products containing allergens or prohibited ingredients.
  • Start with a minimum dosage and gradually increase it, if necessary and does not cause side effects.
  • Do not exceed the recommended dosage of dietary supplements.
  • To inform the doctor about all the drugs you take.
  • Follow your condition and inform the doctor about any side effects.
  • To buy dietary supplements only from trusted manufacturers and suppliers.
  • Keep dietary supplements inaccessible to children.
• Side effects message: If you are faced with side effects after the use of dietary supplements, it is necessary to inform the Federal Service for Supervision in the field of healthcare (Roszdravnadzor). A message about side effects will help improve the safety of dietary supplements and prevent the occurrence of such cases in the future.

7. Marketing Badov: a critical analysis of advertising and promises of manufacturers.

Advertising of dietary supplements often uses marketing techniques that exaggerate benefits and silence risks. A critical analysis of advertising and promises of manufacturers is necessary to make a reasonable decision.

• Inaccurate information: Advertising of dietary supplements often contains inaccurate information about the properties and effectiveness of the product. Manufacturers can exaggerate the benefits of dietary supplements, soak risks and use scientific data in their interests. Some manufacturers even use false reviews and fake quality certificates.
• Emotional marketing: Advertising of dietary supplements often uses emotional marketing, appealing to the fears and hopes of consumers. Manufacturers can promise getting rid of diseases, improving appearance, increasing energy and other desired effects. The purpose of emotional marketing is to force the consumer to buy a product without thinking about its real efficiency and safety.
• Hidden advertising: Hidden dietary supplements are a type of advertising in which the product is advertised by a disguised manner, for example, in articles, blogs or social networks. Hidden advertising can be more effective than direct advertising, since the consumer does not realize that they are trying to sell the product.
• Guarantees and promises: Manufacturers of dietary supplements often give guarantees and promises that are not backed up by scientific data. For example, they can promise a 100% result, rapid getting rid of the problem or lack of side effects. It should be remembered that no dietary supplement can guarantee a 100% result, and all dietary supplements have potential risks.
• Critical approach: When analyzing the advertising of dietary supplements, it is necessary to use a critical approach. The following factors should be taken into account:
  • Source of information: Who advertises the product? What is his reputation? Does he have a conflict of interest?
  • Scientific data: Are the manufacturer’s statements by scientific research confirmed? Was these studies conducted independently? What is the size of the sample in research?
  • Consumer reviews: how reliable are consumer reviews? Are they not fake?
  • Guarantees and promises: how realistic are the guarantees and promises of the manufacturer?
• Consultation with a specialist: Before buying Bad, it is recommended to consult a doctor or pharmacist. A specialist can evaluate your individual needs and give recommendations for the choice of a suitable product.

8. Choosing a place of purchase of dietary supplements: authoritative sources and online platforms.

The place of purchase of dietary supplements can significantly affect its quality and safety. Preference should be given to authoritative sources and proven online platforms.

• Pharmacies: Pharmacies are the most reliable place to buy dietary supplements. The pharmacies have qualified pharmacists who can advise you at the choice of a product and answer your questions. Pharmacies are also required to comply with the rules for storing and transporting dietary supplements, which guarantees their quality and safety.
• Specialized stores: Specialized health and sports nutrition stores can also be a good place to buy dietary supplements. However, you should make sure that the store has a good reputation and sells the products of only trusted manufacturers.
• Manufacturers: Some dietary supplements sell their products directly through their sites or shops. The buying of dietary supplements from the manufacturer can be beneficial in terms of price, but you should make sure that the manufacturer has a good reputation and complies with quality standards.
• Online platforms: Online platforms, such as Amazon, Ebay and others, offer a wide selection of dietary supplements at different prices. However, buying a dietary supplement on the online platform can be risky, since there is no guarantee that the product is genuine and high-quality. Only proven sellers should be chosen with a good reputation and positive reviews. You should also pay attention to the country of the origin of Bad and avoid products manufactured in countries with low quality standards.
• Avoid: Avoid the purchase of dietary supplements in the following places:
  • Unverified online platforms
  • Advertising ads on social networks
  • Personal meetings with company representatives
  • Unlicensed shops and markets
• Choice factors: When choosing a place for buying a diet, the following factors should be taken into account:
  • The reputation of the seller
  • The presence of a license and quality certificates
  • Conditions for storage and transportation of dietary supplements
  • The possibility of consulting with a pharmacist or specialist
  • Consumer reviews
• Online check: Before buying a dietary supplement on the Internet, you can check information about the seller and manufacturer on the websites of Rospotrebnadzor and Roszdravnadzor. You can also look for reviews about the product and seller on forums and on social networks.

9. Dietary supplements for children: features of application and risks of self -medication.

The use of dietary supplements in children requires special caution and consultation with a doctor, since the child’s body is more sensitive to the effects of biologically active substances. Self -medication in dietary supplements in children is unacceptable.

• Features of the child’s body: The children’s body is in the stage of active growth and development, therefore it is more susceptible to the effects of external factors, including dietary supplements. Children have a higher metabolic rate and lower body weight, which can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dietary supplements. The immune system of children is also in development, so they are more susceptible to allergic reactions.
• Indications for use: The use of dietary supplements in children should be justified by medical indications and prescribed by a doctor. It is not recommended to use dietary supplements for the prevention of diseases or improving the general state of health without consulting a doctor. The most common indications for the use of dietary supplements in children include a deficiency of vitamins and minerals, digestive disorders, a decrease in immunity and allergic reactions.
• Risks of self -medication: Self -medication in dietary supplements in children can be dangerous to health. Incorrect choice of dietary supplement, improper dosage or improper reception mode can lead to side effects, allergic reactions, overdose and other undesirable consequences. Some dietary supplements can interact with drugs that the child takes, which can reduce the effectiveness of treatment or enhance side effects.
• Consultation with a doctor: Before using dietary supplements in a child, it is necessary to consult a doctor. The doctor can evaluate the state of health of the child, determine the indications for the use of dietary supplements, choose the right product, assign the correct dosage and reception mode, as well as control the effectiveness and safety of treatment.
• Choice of Bad: When choosing a dietary supplement for a child, you should give preference to products designed specifically for children and having appropriate quality certificates. It is necessary to carefully study the list of dieters and avoid products containing allergens, artificial dyes, flavors and preservatives. The dosage of dietary supplements should correspond to the age and weight of the child.
• Output form: The form of producing dietary supplements should be convenient for the child to receive. For young children, liquid forms are preferred, such as drops or syrups. For older children, you can use tablets, capsules or chewing loaves.
• CONTROL: During the intake of dietary supplements, it is necessary to carefully monitor the health status of the child and inform the doctor about any side effects. It is necessary to comply with the recommended dosage and dietary supplement mode. Do not exceed the recommended dosage or independently change the dietary supplement mode.

10. Dietary dietary supplements for pregnant and nursing women: special needs and warnings.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding are periods of a woman’s life when the body experiences increased needs for vitamins and minerals. However, the use of dietary supplements during these periods requires special caution and consultation with a doctor.

• Special needs: During pregnancy and breastfeeding, the woman’s body needs an increased amount of vitamins and minerals to ensure the normal development of the fetus and child. The most important vitamins and minerals for pregnant and nursing women include folic acid, iron, calcium, vitamin D, iodine and omega-3 fatty acids.
• The risks of the use of dietary supplements: The use of dietary supplements during pregnancy and breastfeeding can be associated with risks for the health of the mother and baby. Some dietary supplements may contain ingredients that are contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women, for example, herbs with an abortive or toxic effect. Other dietary supplements can interact with drugs that a woman takes, which can reduce treatment effectiveness or enhance side effects. An overdose of vitamins and minerals can also be dangerous to the health of the mother and the child.
• Consultation with a doctor: Before using dietary supplements during pregnancy and breastfeeding, it is necessary to consult a doctor. The doctor can evaluate the state of health of a woman, determine her individual needs for vitamins and minerals, choose a suitable product, assign the correct dosage and reception regime, as well as control the effectiveness and safety of treatment.
• Choice of Bad: When choosing a dietary supplement for pregnant and nursing women, you should give preference to products designed specifically for these groups and having appropriate quality certificates. It is necessary to carefully study the list of dietary supplements and avoid products containing allergens, artificial dyes, flavors, preservatives and herbs contraindicated in pregnant and lactating women. The dosage of the dietary supplement must comply with the doctor’s recommendations.
• Folic acid: Folic acid is an important vitamin for pregnant women, as it is necessary to prevent defects in the nerve tube in the fetus. The recommended dose of folic acid for pregnant women is 400-800 mcg per day.
• Iron: Iron is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin, which transfers oxygen to the cells of the body. During pregnancy, the need for iron increases, as it is necessary for the growth and development of the fetus. The recommended dose of iron for pregnant women is 27 mg per day.
• Calcium: Calcium is necessary for the formation of the bones and teeth of the fetus. During pregnancy, the need for calcium increases. The recommended dose of calcium for pregnant women is 1000 mg per day.
• Vitamin D: Vitamin D is necessary for the absorption of calcium and the formation of the bones and teeth of the fetus. During pregnancy, the need for vitamin D increases. The recommended dose of vitamin D for pregnant women is 600 IU per day.
• Iodine: Iodine is necessary for the normal function of the thyroid gland of the mother and fetus. Iodine deficiency can lead to a delay in mental development in a child. The recommended dose of iodine for pregnant women is 220 μg per day.
• Omega-3 fatty acids: Omega-3 fatty acids are necessary for the development of the brain and eye of the fetus. The recommended dose of omega-3 fatty acids for pregnant women is 200-300 mg per day.
• Restrictions: It should be avoided taking dietary supplements containing the following ingredients during pregnancy and breastfeeding:
  • Vitamin A in high doses
  • Herbs with an abortive or toxic effect (for example, wormwood, tansy, oregano)
  • Caffeine in large quantities
  • Alcohol

** 11. Dietary supplements for older people: accounting for age -related changes and medication