Dietary supplement to maintain the health of the genitourinary system

Bades to maintain the health of the genitourinary system: an extensive guide for choosing, applying and effectiveness

I. Anatomy and physiology of the genitourinary system: the foundation for understanding

The health of the genitourinary system is the cornerstone of general well -being. Understanding its anatomy and physiology is necessary for a conscious choice of dietary supplements and maintaining its optimal functioning.

A. Urivatory system: filtering and excretion

1. Kids (Renes): Two bean -shaped bodies located in the lumbar region perform the main function of blood filtering. They remove metabolism products, regulate the water-electrolyte balance and blood pressure, and also participate in the production of hormones, such as erythropoetin (stimulates the production of red blood cells).

   • Nephron: The structural and functional unit of the kidney consisting of a glomerulus (glomeruls) and tubules. In the glomerulus, blood is filtered, and in the tubules – reabsorption of useful substances and the secretion of unnecessary.
   • Filtration: A process in which water, salt, glucose, amino acids and metabolism waste pass from the blood to the renal tubules.
   • Reabsorption: The process of returning beneficial substances (water, glucose, amino acids, electrolytes) from renal tubules back into the blood.
   • Secretion: The process of transferring some substances (for example, creatinine, uric acid, drugs) from the blood to the renal tubules.

2. Ureter (ureteres): Two thin tubes connecting the kidneys with the bladder. They transport urine from renal pelvis to the bladder due to peristaltic contractions.

3. Urine bubble (Vesica Urinaria): The muscle body designed for the accumulation and temporary storage of urine. The walls of the bladder have elasticity, allowing it to stretch as they fill.

   • SFINKERS: Muscles that control the exit of urine from the bladder.

4. Urethral Channel (Urethra): A tube that removes urine from the bladder outward. In women, it is shorter than in men, which makes them more susceptible to urinary tract infections.

B. Male reproductive system: production and delivery of sperm

1. Testicles (testes): Foam male sex glands located in the scrotum. They are responsible for the production of sperm (spermatogenesis) and male sex hormones, such as testosterone.

   • Spermatogenes: A complex process of sperm formation in the seeds of testicles.
   • Testosterone: The main male sex hormone, which is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics, muscle growth, libido and maintenance of bone mass.

2. Yaichka appendix (epididymis): The tubular structure adjacent to the testicle, where spermatozoa ripen and accumulate.

3. Seed cord (Funiculus spermaticus): A structure containing an everer of the duct, blood vessels, nerves and lymph vessels going to the testicle.

4. Seminaric bubbles (Vesiculae Seminales): The paired glands located behind the bladder, which distinguish a secret, are rich in fructose, which is a source of energy for spermatozoa.

5. Prostate iron (Prostata): A small gland located under the bladder, which distinguishes the secret that is part of the sperm and helps to thin it.

6. Urethral Channel (Urethra): In men, the urethra serves both for the removal of urine and ejaculation.

7. Pimaline member (Penis): The male genital organ, which is used for urination and sexual intercourse.

C. Women’s reproductive system: egg production and gestation

1. Ovaries (ovaries): Farm female sex glands located in the pelvis. They are responsible for the production of eggs (oogenesis) and female sex hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone.

   • Oogenes: The process of egg formation.
   • Estrogen: The main female sex hormone, which is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics, regulation of the menstrual cycle and maintaining bone mass.
   • Progesterone: Female sex hormone preparing the uterus for pregnancy and supporting it.

2. Phallopian pipes (Tuba Uterina): The tubes connecting the ovaries to the uterus. They are fertilized by the egg with a sperm.

3. Matka (Utyus): Muscle organ designed for gestation.

4. Cervix uterus (cervix uteri): The lower part of the uterus connecting it to the vagina.

5. Vagina (Vagina): The muscle tube connecting the cervix to the external environment.

6. External genitalia (vulva): They include large and small labia, clitoris and vaginal.

II. Common diseases of the genitourinary system: risk factors and symptoms

Understanding of common diseases and risk factors allows us to take timely measures to prevent and maintain health.

A. Urinary tract infections (IMP):

1. Cystitis: Inflammation of the bladder, most often caused by a bacterial infection (E. coli).

   • Symptoms: Frequent and painful urination, burning, a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, pain in the lower abdomen, clouding of urine, sometimes blood in the urine.
   • Risk factors: Women’s floor (short urethra), sexual activity, use of catheter, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, impaired urinary outflow (for example, with prostate adenoma).

2. Pyelonephritis: Inflammation of the kidneys, most often caused by an ascending infection from the bladder.

   • Symptoms: Low’s pain, fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, frequent and painful urination.
   • Risk factors: Absolute cystitis, urolithiasis, anomalies in the development of urinary tract, pregnancy.

3. Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra, frequently caused by sexually transmitted infections (IPP) such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis.

   • Symptoms: Discharge from the urethra, burning during urination, itching.
   • Risk factors: Unnecessary sexual intercourse, the presence of several sexual partners.

B. Ulinear disease (urolithiasis):

1. Stones formation: The formation of solid deposits (stones) in the kidneys, ureters or bladder from minerals and salts contained in the urine.

   • Types of stones: Calcium stones (oxalat, phosphate), stones, urate stones, cystine stones.
   • Risk factors: Insufficient fluid intake, diet, rich in protein and salt, hyperparatysis, gout, urinary tract infections, heredity.

2. Symptoms: Renal colic (acute lower back pain, giving in the groin), blood in the urine, nausea, vomiting, frequent urination.

C. Prostate diseases:

1. Benign prostate hyperplasia (DGPZH): An increase in the size of the prostate gland, which leads to compression of the urethra and violation of the outflow of urine.

   • Symptoms: Frequent urination, especially at night (nicturia), difficult urination, weak stream of urine, a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, urinary incontinence.
   • Risk factors: Age (older than 50 years), heredity, obesity, diabetes.

2. Prostatitis: Inflammation of the prostate gland, which can be caused by a bacterial infection or other factors.

   • Types of prostatitis: Acute bacterial prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, chronic abacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (KTS).
   • Symptoms: Pain in the perineum, in the lower abdomen, in the back, frequent and painful urination, pain during ejaculation, decreased libido, impotence.
   • Risk factors: Bacterial infections, crotch injuries, circulatory disorders in the pelvic area.

3. Prostate cancer: The malignant tumor of the prostate gland.

   • Symptoms: In the early stages, it can occur asymptomatic. In the late stages – difficulty urinating, a weak stream of urine, blood in the urine, pain in bones.
   • Risk factors: Age (older than 50 years), heredity, racial affiliation (Africans have a higher risk), diet, rich in fats, obesity.

D. Diseases of the female reproductive system:

1. Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (VZ): Infections that affect the uterus, phallopian pipes and ovaries, often caused by STPP (chlamydia, gonorrhea).

   • Symptoms: Pain in the lower abdomen, fever, vaginal discharge, soreness during intercourse, irregular menstruation.
   • Risk factors: Unnecessary sexual intercourse, the presence of several sexual partners, an intrauterine spiral (Navy).

2. Endometrios: The growth of a fabric similar to the endometrium (the mucous membrane of the uterus), outside the uterus.

   • Symptoms: Pain in the lower abdomen, painful menstruation, pain during intercourse, infertility.

3. Uterine fibroids: Benign tumors formed in the muscle layer of the uterus.

   • Symptoms: Abundant and long menstruation, pain in the lower abdomen, a feeling of pressure in the pelvis, frequent urination, constipation.

4. Cervical cancer: The malignant cervical tumor, often caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).

   • Symptoms: In the early stages, it can occur asymptomatic. In the later stages – bloody discharge from the vagina, pain in the lower abdomen, pain during intercourse.
   • Risk factors: Infection of HPV, smoking, the presence of several sexual partners, the early beginning of sexual activity.

5. Ovary cancer: Malignant ovarian tumor.

   • Symptoms: In the early stages, it can occur asymptomatic. In the later stages – an increase in the abdomen in the volume, pain in the lower abdomen, digestive disorders, frequent urination.
   • Risk factors: Age (older than 50 years), heredity, infertility, lack of pregnancies, hormonal therapy.

III. Bades to maintain the health of the genitourinary system: Review of key ingredients

Bad can play an important role in maintaining the health of the genitourinary system, but it is important to understand their composition, mechanism of action and potential side effects. Consultation with a doctor before taking dietary supplements is required.

A. Dietrs to maintain the health of the urinary tract:

1. Cranberry (Vaccinium Macrocarpon): Contains proanthocyanidines that prevent the attachment of bacteria (especially E. coli) to the walls of the urinary tract, preventing the development of infections.

   • Forms: Capsules, tablets, juice.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.
   • Interactions: It can interact with warfarin (anticoagulant), enhancing its action.

2. D-mannose: Sugar, which, like pro -actocyanidine cranberries, prevents the attachment of bacteria E. coli to the walls of the urinary tract.

   • Forms: Powder, capsules.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.

3. Liszt Colder (Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi): Contains Arbutin, which in the body turns into hydrochinon – a substance with an antibacterial and diuretic effect.

   • Forms: Grass, extract, capsules.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, allergic reactions.
   • Contraindications: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, kidney disease, individual intolerance.
   • Attention: Long -term use is not recommended.

4. Field horsetail extract (Equisetum arvest): It has a diuretic and anti -inflammatory effect, helps to remove sand and small kidney stones.

   • Forms: Grass, extract, capsules.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, thiamine deficiency (vitamin B1) with prolonged use.
   • Contraindications: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, kidney disease, individual intolerance.

5. Brusnika (Vaccinium vitis -idaea): It has an antimicrobial and anti -inflammatory effect, contains benzoic acid, which prevents the growth of bacteria in the urinary tract.

   • Forms: Berries, leaves, extract, juice.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.

6. Parsley (Petroselinum Crispum): It has a diuretic effect, helps to remove excess fluid and salts from the body.

   • Forms: Grass, extract, capsules.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely – allergic reactions.
   • Contraindications: Pregnancy, kidney diseases, individual intolerance.

7. Juniper (Juniperus Communis): It has a diuretic and antiseptic effect.

   • Forms: Berries, extract, essential oil.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Kidney irritation with prolonged use.
   • Contraindications: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, kidney disease, individual intolerance.
   • Attention: Long -term use is not recommended.

B. Bades to maintain the health of the prostate gland:

1. Serenoa palm fruit extract (Serenoa Repens): Inhibits the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, which turns testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DGT)-a hormone that helps to increase the prostate gland. Reduces the symptoms of DHCS (frequent urination, difficulty urination).

   • Forms: Capsules, tablets.
   • Dosage: Usually 320 mg per day. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, headache.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.
   • Interactions: It can interact with anticoagulants.

2. Zinc: He plays an important role in maintaining the health of the prostate gland, is involved in the synthesis of testosterone and has an anti -inflammatory effect.

   • Forms: Tablets, capsules, as part of multivitamins.
   • Dosage: Usually 15-30 mg per day. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: With high doses-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, a decrease in copper assimilation.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.
   • Interactions: It can interact with some antibiotics.

3. Selenium: An antioxidant that protects the prostate cells from damage caused by free radicals.

   • Forms: Tablets, capsules, as part of multivitamins.
   • Dosage: Usually 50-200 mcg per day. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: With high doses-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, hair loss.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.

4. Liquopin: The carotenoid contained in tomatoes has an antioxidant and anti -inflammatory effect, can reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer.

   • Forms: Capsules, as part of multivitamins.
   • Dosage: Usually 10-30 mg per day. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.

5. Quercetin: Flavonoid, which has an antioxidant and anti -inflammatory effect, can reduce the symptoms of prostatitis.

   • Forms: Capsules, tablets.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-headache, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.
   • Interactions: It can interact with some drugs.

6. Pygeum Africanum (African plum cortex extract): It has anti -inflammatory and antioxidant effects, reduces the symptoms of DHPH.

   • Forms: Capsules.
   • Dosage: Usually 50-100 mg twice a day. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.

C. Bades to maintain the health of the female reproductive system:

1. Soy isoflavons: Plant estrogens that can soften the symptoms of menopause (tides, night sweating, mood swings) and maintain bone health.

   • Forms: Capsules, tablets, soy products.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Contraindications: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, estrogen -dependent tumors.

2. Red Clover. Contains isoflavons similar to soybeans, and has the same properties.

   • Forms: Grass, extract, capsules.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Contraindications: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, estrogen -dependent tumors.
   • Interactions: It can interact with anticoagulants.

3. Vitamin D: Plays an important role in maintaining the health of bones, the immune system and reproductive function. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of developing certain diseases, including infertility.

   • Forms: Capsules, tablets, drops.
   • Dosage: Depends on the level of vitamin D in the blood. It is recommended to consult a doctor to determine the optimal dose.
   • Side effects: With high doses – hypercalcemia (increased blood calcium in the blood).
   • Contraindications: Hypercalcemia, hypervitaminosis D.

4. Calcium: It is necessary to maintain bone health, especially during menopause, when the level of estrogen decreases.

   • Forms: Tablets, capsules, as part of multivitamins.
   • Dosage: Usually 1000-1200 mg per day. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Constipation, kidney stones at high doses.
   • Contraindications: Hypercalcemia, urolithiasis.
   • Interactions: It can interact with some drugs.

5. Magnesium: Participates in many biochemical processes in the body, including the regulation of hormonal balance and maintaining bone health.

   • Forms: Tablets, capsules, powder.
   • Dosage: Usually 200-400 mg per day. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Diarrhea at high doses.
   • Contraindications: Renal failure.

6. Evening primrose (oenothera biennis): It contains gamma-linolenic acid (HLC), which has anti-inflammatory effects and can reduce the symptoms of PMS (premenstrual syndrome) and mastodinia (pain in the mammary glands).

   • Forms: Capsules.
   • Dosage: Usually 1000-3000 mg per day. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Contraindications: Individual intolerance.
   • Interactions: It can interact with anticoagulants.

7. Abraham tree (Vitex Agnus-Castus): It regulates the level of prolactin, which can help with violations of the menstrual cycle, PMS and infertility.

   • Forms: Grass, extract, capsules.
   • Dosage: Depends on the shape and concentration of active substances. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, headache.
   • Contraindications: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, hormonal contraceptives.

8. Probiotics: They support a healthy vaginal microflora, preventing the development of bacterial vaginosis and other infections.

   • Forms: Capsules, vaginal candles.
   • Dosage: Depends on the strain and the concentration of bacteria. Follow the instructions on the packaging.
   • Side effects: Rarely-disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

IV. Scientific research and dietary supplement efficiency: critical analysis

It is important to critically evaluate scientific data on the effectiveness of dietary supplements, given the research methodology, the size of the sample and the presence of a conflict of interest.

A. Cranberry and D-mannose for the prevention of IMP:

Numerous studies confirm the effectiveness of cranberries and D-mannoses in the prevention of recurrent EMPs in women. Met-analyzes show that cranberries reduces the risk of developing the IPP by 30-40%. D-mannose also demonstrates comparable results, especially in women with the IMP caused by E. coli. However, the effectiveness of cranberries can be lower in people using catheters or having a neurogenic bladder.

B. Palma Serenoa for the treatment of DGPZH:

The results of studies about the effectiveness of the Serenia palm for the treatment of DGPZ are contradictory. Some studies show that it reduces the symptoms of DGPZH (frequent urination, difficulty urination), but others do not reveal a significant effect compared to placebo. Perhaps the effectiveness of the palm of Serenia depends on the dosage, the quality of the extract and the individual characteristics of the patient.

C. Soi isoflavon and red clover to mitigate the symptoms of menopause:

The isoflavons of soy and red clover can soften some symptoms of menopause, such as tides and night sweating. However, the effect is usually moderate and can be individual. Further research is needed to determine the optimal dosage and duration of application.

D. Vitamin D and reproductive function:

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of developing certain diseases, including infertility. Studies show that the addition of vitamin D can improve the reproductive function in women with a deficiency of this vitamin. However, larger and well -planned studies are needed to confirm these results.

E. Oil of the evening and PMS primrose:

The oil primrose can reduce the symptoms of PMS, such as chest pain, mood swings and bloating. However, the effect is usually moderate and can be individual.

F. Abraham tree and menstrual disorders:

Abraham tree can help with menstrual cycle disturbances associated with an increased level of prolactin. However, before starting the reception, it is necessary to consult a doctor to exclude other causes of menstrual cycle disorders.

G. Probiotics and vaginal health:

Probiotics can support a healthy microflora of the vagina and prevent the development of bacterial vaginosis and other infections. However, it is necessary to choose probiotics containing bacteria strains that have proven their effectiveness in clinical studies.

V. Safety and side effects of dietary supplements: important warnings

Despite the fact that dietary supplements are often positioned as safe and natural products, they can cause side effects and interact with drugs.

A. The importance of consulting a doctor:

Before taking any dietary supplement, you need to consult a doctor. The doctor can evaluate your health status, identify possible contraindications and interactions with drugs, and also choose the optimal dosage and intake scheme.

B. Possible side effects:

Bades can cause various side effects, such as disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation), allergic reactions (rash, itching, edema), headache, dizziness and others.

C. Interactions with drugs:

Bades can interact with drugs, enhancing or weakening their effect, as well as increasing the risk of side effects. For example, cranberries can enhance the effect of anticoagulants, and St. John’s wort can reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives.

D. Quality and composition of dietary supplements:

The quality and composition of dietary supplements can vary significantly depending on the manufacturer. It is important to choose dietary supplements from reliable manufacturers who conduct quality control of their products and provide information about the composition and dosage of active substances.

E. Special groups of patients:

Pregnant and lactating women, children, elderly people and patients with chronic diseases need to be especially careful about choosing dietary supplements and be sure to consult a doctor before the appointment.

VI. Choice of dietary supplement: evaluation criteria and recommendations

The choice of dietary supplements is a responsible process that requires an attentive approach and critical thinking.

A. Study of information about the manufacturer:

Before buying dietary supplements, it is necessary to study the information about the manufacturer, make sure that his reputation and the availability of quality certificates. Pay attention to the availability of GMP (good manufactoring practice) of a certificate, which confirms the compliance of production with international standards.

B. Analysis of the composition of dietary supplements:

Carefully study the composition of dietary supplements, pay attention to the concentration of active substances and the presence of additional ingredients (for example, dyes, preservatives, flavors). Choose dietary supplements with a minimum number of additional ingredients.

C. Evaluation of consumer reviews:

Read consumer reviews about dietary supplements on various sites and forums. Pay attention to the reviews of efficiency, side effects and quality of products.

D. Reference:

Compare dietary supplements in different stores and pharmacies. Do not buy the cheapest dietary supplements, as they can be of poor quality.

E. Consultation with a pharmacist or doctor:

If you have doubts about choosing dietary supplements, consult a pharmacist or doctor. They will help you choose the optimal dietary supplement, taking into account your health and individual needs.

VII. Diet and lifestyle for health ureth