Tooth health after 50: Care and prevention

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Tooth health after 50: Care and prevention

Chapter 1: Anatomy and Physiology of teeth in adulthood: Changes and vulnerability

After fifty years, numerous changes occur in the human body, affecting all systems, including the oral cavity. Understanding these changes is necessary for the effective prevention and maintenance of dental health.

• Change in tooth structure: Emal, the hardest tissue of the body, is thinner over time. This is due to the constant exposure of acids contained in food and drinks, as well as due to bruxism (grinding of teeth). The thinning of enamel makes teeth more susceptible to caries and erosion. Dentine, a fabric located under the enamel, also undergoes changes. It becomes more sclerotic, that is, less sensitive. This may complicate the early detection of caries, since the pain may not be even with a significant lesion. The cement covering the tooth root is also undergoing changes, especially in the gum. The exposure of the tooth root due to the gum recession makes it vulnerable to caries of the root, which develops faster and more aggressive than caries enamel.
• Salivation: With age, the production of saliva may decrease. Saliva plays an important role in maintaining tooth health. It neutralizes acids, removes the remains of food and contains minerals that contribute to enamel remineralization. Dryness in the mouth (xerostomy) increases the risk of caries, diseases of the gums and fungal infections. The cause of dry mouth may be the use of certain drugs, radiation therapy of the head and neck, systemic diseases (for example, Shegren syndrome) and age -related changes in salivary glands.
• Changes in the periodontal: Prepont is fabrics surrounding and supporting the tooth, including the gums, bone and ligaments. With age, the bone tissue of the jaw may be thinner, which leads to a recession of the gums and mobility of the teeth. Diseases of the gums (gingivitis and periodontitis) are also a common problem in people over 50 years old. Inflammation of the gums leads to the destruction of bone tissue and ligaments, which can lead to loss of teeth. Risk factors for the development of gum diseases include poor oral hygiene, smoking, diabetes and genetic predisposition.
• Inflammatory processes: With age, the immune system can become less effective, which makes people more susceptible to infections and inflammatory processes. Chronic inflammation in the oral cavity can contribute to the development of gum diseases and other health problems, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
• Bite changes: Teeth loss, tooth abrupt and changes in the bone tissue of the jaw can lead to a change in the bite. An irregular bite can cause overload of individual teeth, dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMC) and pain in the muscles of the face and neck.
• Increased teeth sensitivity: Expectation of teeth roots due to the gum recession makes teeth more sensitive to hot, cold, sweet and sour. This is due to the fact that the tooth root is not covered with enamel and has microscopic tubules leading to the pulp (tooth nerve).
• Reducing the strength of the bone tissue of the jaw: Osteoporosis, especially in women in postmenopause, can lead to a decrease in the density of the bone tissue of the jaw. This increases the risk of teeth loss and complicates the installation of dental implants.

Chapter 2: common dental problems after 50 years

Age -related changes in the oral cavity make people over 50 years old more subject to certain dental problems.

• Caries: Caries remains a widespread problem in all age groups, but in people over 50, it can develop faster and more aggressive, especially the caries of the root. Dry in the mouth, the gum recession and the presence of seals and crowns create favorable conditions for the development of caries.
• Gum diseases (periodontitis): Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects tissues surrounding and supporting teeth. It is characterized by a recession of the gums, the formation of dentistry pockets, the destruction of bone tissue and, ultimately, the loss of teeth. Periodontitis is associated with various systemic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis.
• Desna recession: The gum recession is the decline in the gum leading to the exposure of the roots of the teeth. It can be caused by various factors, such as aggressive brushing, bruxism, gum diseases and genetic predisposition. The gum recession increases the risk of developing the root of the root and increased sensitivity of the teeth.
• Dry in the mouth (Xerostomy): Dry mouth is a condition in which saliva is reduced. It can be caused by various factors, such as taking certain drugs, radiation therapy of the head and neck, systemic diseases (for example, Shegren syndrome) and age -related changes in salivary glands. Dry mouth increases the risk of caries, gum diseases and fungal infections.
• Loss of teeth: Teeth loss may be the result of caries, gum diseases, injuries and other factors. Loss of teeth can lead to a violation of chewing, speech, aesthetics and self -confidence.
• Diseases of the temporomandibular joint (TMS): IMF diseases are a group of states that affect the temporomandibular joint and muscles involved in chewing. Symptoms may include pain in the jaws, headaches, pain in the neck, clicks or crunch in the joint and limiting the mobility of the jaw.
• Oral cancer: The risk of developing oral cancer increases with age. Risk factors include smoking, alcohol, exposure to sunlight and human papillomavirus by the human papilloma (HPV). Early detection of oral cancer is crucial for successful treatment.
• Fungal infections (candidiasis): Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by a fungus Candida albicans. It can manifest itself in the form of white plaque in the tongue and mucous membrane of the mouth, redness and soreness. Candidiasis is more common in people with dry mouth, weakened immunity and using dentures.
• Implant Associated mucositis and periymplatitis: In patients with dental implants, mucositis (inflammation of the soft tissues around the implant) or periiumpontitis (inflammation of the soft and bone tissues around the implant) can develop. Insufficient oral hygiene and smoking are risk factors.
• Erosion of tooths: Tooth erosion is a loss of tooth enamel due to the effects of acids not associated with bacterial caries. Acids can come from foods and drinks (for example, carbonated drinks, fruit juices, citrus fruits) or stomach (for example, with gastroesophageal reflux disease – GERB).
• Bruxism: Broxsism is a rattle of teeth, usually during sleep. It can lead to tooth abrasion, headaches, pain in the jaw and dysfunction of the TMS.
• Increased teeth sensitivity: Expectation of teeth roots due to the gum recession makes teeth more sensitive to hot, cold, sweet and sour.

Chapter 3: oral cavity hygiene: the basis of teeth health after 50

Proper oral hygiene is the basis of teeth health at any age, but it is especially important after 50 years, when the teeth and gums become more vulnerable.

• Tooth brushing: Brush your teeth twice a day for two minutes using a soft toothbrush and fluorine -containing toothpaste. Use circular movements to thoroughly cleanse all surfaces of the teeth, including the desk line. Do not forget to clean your tongue to remove bacteria and refresh your breath. Avoid too much pressure on the brush, as this can damage the enamel and cause the gum recession.
• Using tooth thread: Use the tooth thread daily to remove the plaque and the remaining food between the teeth and under the gum. This is especially important, since the toothbrush cannot reach these inaccessible places. If it is difficult for you to use a regular tooth thread, try using dental runs or flossers.
• Rinsers for the oral cavity: Use a fluorine -containing supporter for the oral cavity after teeth brushes. The rinser helps to strengthen enamel and prevent the development of caries. If you have dry mouth, choose rinses that do not contain alcohol, since alcohol can aggravate dryness.
• Irrigator (water flisser): Irrigator can be a useful addition to ordinary oral hygiene, especially for people with gum diseases, dentures or implants. Irrigator uses a stream of water to remove denture and food residues from hard -to -reach places.
• Regular visits to the dentist: Visit a dentist for professional brushing and inspection at least twice a year. The dentist can identify and treat dental problems at an early stage, when they are easier to treat. During the inspection, the dentist will also check the condition of the gums, tongue and mucous membrane of the mouth for signs of diseases, such as oral cancer.
• The right choice of toothbrush: It is recommended to use a toothbrush with soft bristles. Too hard stubble can damage enamel and gums. Electric toothbrushes can be more effective than manual, especially for people with limited hands mobility.
• Replacement of a toothbrush: Change the toothbrush every 3-4 months or more often if the bristles are worn out. The worn brush is less effective in removing the plaque.
• Using special hygiene products: In the presence of certain dental problems, such as the sensitivity of the teeth or gum disease, the dentist can recommend the use of special toothpastes, rinses or gels.

Chapter 4: Diet and Nutrition: Influence on the Health of Tooth after 50

Proper nutrition plays an important role in maintaining teeth health at any age.

• Sugar consumption restriction: Sugar is the main source of nutrition for bacteria causing caries. Limit the consumption of sweet drinks, sweets, cookies and other sugar products.
• Limiting the consumption of acidic products and drinks: Sour products and drinks can cause erosion of tooth enamel. Limit the consumption of carbonated drinks, fruit juices, citrus and vinegar. If you eat acidic foods or drinks, try to eat them while eating, and not between meals. After eating acidic products or drinks, do not brush your teeth right away, as this can increase erosion. Instead, rinse your mouth with water.
• The use of products rich in calcium and phosphorus: Calcium and phosphorus are necessary to maintain the health of bones and teeth. Use products rich in calcium, such as dairy products, green leafy vegetables and almonds. Use products rich in phosphorus, such as meat, fish, eggs and dairy products.
• The use of products rich in vitamin D: Vitamin D is necessary for the absorption of calcium. Get vitamin D from food (for example, oily fish, eggs) and sunlight. If necessary, take additives with vitamin D.
• The use of solid and crispy products: Solid and crispy products, such as apples, carrots and celery, help to cleanse the teeth and stimulate salivation.
• Drinking enough water: Drinking a sufficient amount of water helps to maintain salivation and remove food residues from the oral cavity.
• Restriction of alcohol and caffeine consumption: Alcohol and caffeine can cause dry mouth.
• Avoid snacks between meals: Sunnings between meals increase the exposure time of acids on the teeth.

Chapter 5: Preventive measures: tooth protection from destruction

Preventive measures play an important role in maintaining teeth health after 50 years.

• Fluoridation: Flecting strengthens tooth enamel and makes it more resistant to acids. Use fluorine -containing toothpaste and oral cavity. The dentist can also conduct professional tooth fluoridation.
• Fissour sealing: Fissour sealing is the application of special material to chewing surfaces of molars to protect them from caries. Fissure sealing is especially useful for people with deep fissures that are difficult to clean.
• Professional tooth brushing: Regular professional teeth brushes removes plaque and tooth stone, which cannot be removed using the usual brushing of the teeth.
• Using dentures: If you have lost your teeth, use dentures to restore chewing function, speech and aesthetics. Properly selected and well -groomed tooth dentures can improve the quality of life.
• Treatment Bruxism: If you suffer from Brooksism, use night caps to protect your teeth from abrasion. The dentist can also recommend other methods of treating bruxism, such as physiotherapy and drugs.
• Dry treatment in the mouth: If you have dry mouth, use artificial saliva, moisturizing gels and rinses for the oral cavity. Drink enough water and avoid drinking alcohol and caffeine. A dentist can also prescribe drugs that stimulate salivation.
• Regular examinations at the dentist: Regular examinations of a dentist allow you to identify and treat dental problems at an early stage, when they are easier to treat.
• Diagnosis and treatment of gum diseases: Timely diagnosis and treatment of gum diseases helps to prevent bone tissue destruction and teeth loss.
• Screening for oral cancer: The dentist must conduct screening for oral cancer during each examination.
• Advice on oral hygiene: A dentist or hygiene dental can provide individual recommendations for oral hygiene based on your needs.

Chapter 6: Special Considerations: Tooth dentures, implants and other designs

People over 50 years old often need special dental designs, such as dentures and implants.

• Tooth prostheses: Tooth prostheses are removable structures that replace missing teeth. They can be complete (replace all teeth in the jaw) or partial (replace several missing teeth). Proper care of dentures is important to prevent the development of fungal infections and other problems. Tooth prostheses must be cleaned daily using a special brush and cleaning agent. At night, prostheses should be removed and stored in water or special solution.
• Dental implants: Dental implants are artificial roots of teeth, which are surgically installed in the bone of the jaw. Crings, bridge prostheses or removable prostheses are installed on implants. Dental implants are a reliable and durable way to restore missing teeth. Caring for dentitions includes regular tooth brushing, using a dental thread and visiting a dentist for professional cleaning.
• Bridge prostheses: Bridge prostheses are non -removable structures that replace missing teeth. They are attached to neighboring teeth with the help of crowns. Bridge prostheses require thorough oral hygiene to prevent the development of caries and gum diseases.
• Crowns: Crings are caps that are put on damaged teeth to restore their shape, size and strength. Crings can be made of various materials such as metal, ceramics or composite. Crown care includes regular tooth brushing and using a dental thread.
• Vinirs: Vinirs are thin ceramic plates that glue to the front surface of the teeth to improve their appearance. Vinirs can be used to correct the shape, color and size of the teeth. Winir care includes regular tooth brushing and using a dental thread.
• Orthodox treatment: In some cases, orthodontic treatment can be recommended to people over 50 years of age to correct the bite and improve a smile aesthetics.
• Removable prostheses on implants: These are removable prostheses that are attached to dental implants. They provide better fixation and stability compared to ordinary removable prostheses.

Chapter 7: Medicines and healthy health: relationship

Taking certain medications can affect the health of the teeth.

• Medications that cause dry mouth: Many drugs can cause dry mouth, including antihistamines, antidepressants, diuretics and high blood pressure. Dry in the mouth increases the risk of decay and gum diseases.
• Medicines that cause bleeding gums: Some drugs, such as anticoagulants (for example, warfarin) and antiplatelets (for example, aspirin), can increase the risk of bleeding gums.
• Medicines that cause a change in taste: Some drugs can cause a change in taste.
• Bisphosphonates: Bisphosphonates are drugs used to treat osteoporosis. They can cause osteonecrosis of the jaw (onch), a rare but serious disease, characterized by the destruction of the bone tissue of the jaw.
• Sugar -containing drugs: Some drugs, such as cough syrups and chewing vitamins, contain sugar. Sugar increases the risk of caries.
• Interaction of drugs: Some drugs can interact with each other by changing their effectiveness or causing side effects. It is important to inform your dentist about all the drugs that you accept so that he can take into account possible interactions and side effects.
• Antibiotics: Long -term use of antibiotics can lead to the development of fungal infections in the oral cavity.

Chapter 8: Psychological aspects of the health of teeth: confidence and quality of life

The health of the teeth is exerted by Significant influence on the psychological well -being and quality of life of people over 50.

• Self -confidence: Healthy and beautiful teeth can increase self -confidence and improve social interactions. Loss of teeth or the presence of dental problems can lead to constraint, social isolation and depression.
• Aesthetics: The appearance of the teeth plays an important role in the perception of oneself and others. Healthy and beautiful teeth can improve self -esteem and increase self -confidence.
• Speech: Loss of teeth or the presence of dental problems can complicate speech. This can lead to constraint and social isolation.
• Chewing function: Loss of teeth or the presence of dental problems can disrupt the chewing function. This can lead to digestive problems and insufficient nutrition.
• Taste: Healthy teeth and gums are important for the normal perception of taste. Diseases of the gums or the use of dentures can lead to a change in taste.
• General health: Dental problems can affect general health. Gum diseases are associated with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis.

Chapter 9: Dental tourism: risks and advantages for patients over 50 years old

Dental tourism, or trips to other countries to obtain dental assistance, is becoming more and more popular. However, for patients over 50, it is important to consider the risks and advantages of dental tourism.

• Advantages: The cost of dental care in some countries can be significantly lower than in developed countries. This can be attractive to people who do not have dental insurance or need expensive procedures.

• Risks: The quality of dental care in different countries can vary greatly. It is important to carefully study the reputation of the dental clinic and the qualifications of dentists. You should also take into account the language barrier, differences in hygiene standards and possible complications that require subsequent treatment in their country. Patients over 50 years old should consult your doctor before traveling abroad to receive dental care, especially if they have any chronic diseases.

• Important questions: Before you go to dental treatment abroad, ask the following questions:

  • What is the qualification of dentists?
  • What materials are used?
  • What guarantees are provided?
  • What will happen if complications arise?
  • Is it possible to get subsequent treatment in your country?

Chapter 10: Future of dentistry: new technologies and approaches to treatment

Dentistry is constantly developing, and new technologies and approaches to treatment appear, which can improve healthy people over 50 years old.

• Digital dentistry: Digital dentistry uses computer technologies for planning and conducting dental procedures. This can lead to more accurate and predictable results.
• Implantology: Dental implants become more and more perfect and durable. New methods of installing implants allow treatment even in patients with insufficient bone tissue.
• Regenerative dentistry: Regenerative dentistry is aimed at restoring damaged tissues of teeth and gums. This may include the use of stem cells, growth factors and other biomaterials.
• Microscopic dentistry: The use of a microscope allows dentists to see teeth and gums with a greater increase, which can improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment.
• Laser dentistry: Lasers can be used to treat various dental problems, such as caries, gum diseases and increased teeth sensitivity.
• Probiotics: Probiotics are useful bacteria that can improve the health of the oral cavity. They can help reduce the amount of harmful bacteria and prevent the development of caries and gum diseases.
• Individualized dentistry: In the future, dental treatment can be more individualized, based on the genetic characteristics and risk factors of each patient.
• Telstomatology: Telistomatology uses telecommunication technologies to provide dental care at a distance. This can be useful for people living in remote areas or having limited mobility.

Chapter 11: Alternative methods for caring for the oral cavity: what works and what is not

Together with the traditional methods for caring for the oral cavity, there are many alternative approaches, some of which can be useful, while others can be useless or even harmful.

• Oil rinsing (Oil Pulling): This method, which came from Ayurveda, consists in rinsing the mouth with vegetable oil (usually coconut, sesame or sunflower) for 15-20 minutes. Supporters claim that this helps to remove bacteria, plaque and toxins from the oral cavity, improving the overall health of teeth and gums. Some studies show that rinsing with oil can reduce the amount of bacteria and dentition, but additional studies are needed to confirm these results and compare with traditional care methods.
• Activated carbon: Activated carbon is often used as a means of bleaching tooths. It is an adsorbent and can absorb surface spots from the teeth. However, it can also be abrasive and damage the enamel with frequent use. In addition, there are no sufficient scientific data confirming the effectiveness of activated coal for teeth whitening.
• Herbal toothpastes and rinses: Many herbal toothpastes and rinses contain ingredients such as chamomile, sage, aloe vera and tea tree oil, which are believed to have anti -inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Some of these ingredients can be healthy gum health, but it is important to make sure that the herbal toothpaste contains a fluoride to protect against caries.
• Soda: Soda (sodium bicarbonate) is a soft abrasive and can help remove surface spots from the teeth and neutralize acids in the mouth. However, it can be abrasive with frequent use and does not contain fluorine.
• Hydrogen peroxide: Hydrogen peroxide is a whitening agent and can help lighten the teeth. It is often contained in bleaching toothpaste and rinsers. However, prolonged use of hydrogen peroxide can damage enamel and cause teeth sensitivity.
• Homemade teeth whitening: There are many home products for teeth whitening, such as the use of strawberries, lemon or apple cider vinegar. However, these funds can be acidic and damage enamel. Bleing tooths is best carried out under the control of the dentist using professional tools and methods.
• Bulf toothbrush brushes: Bamboo toothbrushes and other wooden brush brushes become more and more popular as an environmentally friendly alternative to plastic toothbrushes. It is important to make sure that the stubble of the toothbrush is soft so as not to damage the enamel and the gums.
• Propolis: Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees. It has antibacterial, anti -inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Some studies show that propolis can help prevent the formation of plaque and gingivitis.
• Xilit: Xilit is a natural sweetener that is not metabolized by bacteria causing caries. It can help reduce the amount of bacteria in the mouth and prevent the development of caries. Xolite is found in some toothpaste, chewing gums and candies.

Chapter 12: Myths and errors about the health of the teeth after 50 years

There are many myths and misconceptions about the health of the teeth, especially in relation to people over 50 years old. It is important to distinguish the truth from fiction in order to make reasonable decisions about your dental health.

• Myth: Loss of teeth with age is inevitable. True: loss of teeth is not an inevitable part of aging. With proper hygiene of the oral cavity, regular visits to the dentist and a healthy lifestyle, you can keep your teeth throughout life.
• Myth: Dentures are the only option for replacing missing teeth. True: there are other options for replacing missing teeth, such as dental implants and bridges.
• Myth: You need to brush your teeth only once a day. True: you need to brush your teeth twice a day to remove the plaque and prevent the development of caries and gum diseases.
• Myth: The use of a dental thread is not necessary. True: the use of the dental thread is necessary to remove the denture and the remains of food between the teeth, where the toothbrush cannot get.
• Myth: teeth whitening is harmful to enamel. True: Professional teeth whitening under the control of the dentist is safe and effective. Homemade tooth whitening can be harmful if you use irregular means and methods.
• Myth: gum diseases are not dangerous. True: gum diseases can lead to teeth loss and are associated with various system diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
• Myth: Tooth sensitivity is a normal phenomenon with age. True: tooth sensitivity can be caused by various reasons, such as the gum recession, enameli erosion or caries. It is important to contact a dentist to identify the cause and receive treatment.
• Myth: If the gums do not bleed, then they are healthy. True: the lack of bleeding of the gums does not always mean that the gums are healthy. In some cases, gum diseases can occur without bleeding.
• Myth: Dental implants are only for young people. True: dental implants can be installed for people of any age, if they have enough bone tissue and the general state of health allows the operation.
• Myth: If I have no pain in my teeth, then I have no problem. True: many dental problems can occur without pain, especially in the early stages. Regular visits to the dentist are necessary to identify and treat problems at an early stage.

Chapter 13: Financial aspects of teeth care after 50 years: how to save and get high -quality assistance

Dental treatment can be expensive, especially for people over 50 years old, which may need more Complex Procedures.

• Dental insurance: If you have the opportunity, purchase dental insurance. This can help cover part of the dental treatment.
• State programs: In some countries, there are state programs that provide dental assistance to people with low income or disability.
• Dental schools: Dental schools often offer dental treatment at reduced prices.
• Clinical research: Participate in clinical studies of dental products and procedures. You may be provided with free treatment or compensation.
• Treatment planning: Discuss with your dentist various treatment options and their cost. Develop a treatment plan that corresponds to your budget.
• Prevention: Prevention is always cheaper than treatment. Proper oral hygiene and regular visits to the dentist can help prevent the development of dental problems and save money in the long term.
• Reference: Compare the prices for dental treatment in different clinics.
• Negotiation: Try to agree with your dentist to reduce the price or on the installment plan.
• Tax deductions: In some countries, you can get a tax deduction for the costs of dental treatment.
• Medical tourism: As mentioned earlier, medical tourism may be an option, but carefully study all the risks and advantages.

Chapter 14: The role of the family and Caregivers in maintaining the health of the teeth of the elderly

Family and Caregivers play an important role in maintaining the health of the teeth of the elderly, especially if they have limited mobility or cognitive impairment.

• Help in the hygiene of the oral cavity: Help an elderly person to brush your teeth and use a dental thread if he cannot do it on his own.
• A reminder of the hygiene of the oral cavity: Remind the elderly person about the need to brush your teeth and use the dental thread.
• Ensuring access to dental care: Organize a visit to a dentist for an elderly person.
• Support and motivation: Support and motivate an elderly person to monitor the health of your teeth.
• Power control: Make sure that an elderly person eats properly and limits the consumption of sugar.
• Training: Learn about the proper care of the oral cavity in the elderly and share this information with other family members and Caregivers.