How to choose safe dietary supplements?

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How to choose safe dietary supplements: full guide for choosing and using

Table of contents

  1. What is dietary supplements and why is their safety important?
    • 1.1 DEMPORTION OF DAA (biologically active additives)
    • 1.2 Role of dietary supplements in modern society
    • 1.3 Potential risks and side effects
    • 1.4 The importance of choosing safe and effective dietary supplements
  2. Legal regulation of dietary supplements in Russia and the world
    • 2.1 Legislative framework in the Russian Federation
      • 2.1.1 Federal Law “On the quality and safety of food products”
      • 2.1.2 Technical regulations of the Customs Union
      • 2.1.3 State registration of dietary supplement
    • 2.2 Comparison with international standards (USA, Europe)
      • 2.2.1 FDA (Food and Drug Administration) в США
      • 2.2.2 EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) in Europe
      • 2.2.3 differences in regulation and requirements
  3. Factors affecting the safety of dietary supplements
    • 3.1 quality of raw materials
      • 3.1.1 sources of raw materials and their control
      • 3.1.2 The presence of pesticides, heavy metals and other pollutants
    • 3.2 Production process
      • 3.2.1 Compliance with GMP standards (good manufacturing practice)
      • 3.2.2 Quality control at all stages of production
    • 3.3 dosage and composition
      • 3.3.1 Recommendations for dosage and their scientific rationale
      • 3.3.2 The interaction of the ingredients among themselves
      • 3.3.3 Risk of overdose and toxicity
    • 3.4 storage conditions
      • 3.4.1 The effect of temperature, humidity and light on the quality of dietary supplements
      • 3.4.2 Storage rules to maintain efficiency and safety
  4. How to check the safety of dietary supplements before buying?
    • 4.1 Verification of the availability of a certificate of state registration (SGR)
      • 4.1.1 where to find information about SGR
      • 4.1.2 How to check the authenticity of the SGR
    • 4.2 Study of composition and information on the label
      • 4.2.1 List of ingredients and their concentration
      • 4.2.2 Information about the manufacturer and importer
      • 4.2.3 Recommendations for use and contraindications
    • 4.3 Search for independent research and reviews
      • 4.3.1 Scientific articles and clinical trials
      • 4.3.2 Expert reviews and consumer ratings
      • 4.3.3 Assessment of reliability of information sources
    • 4.4 Consultation with a doctor or specialist
      • 4.4.1 The need to consult a dietary supplement
      • 4.4.2 Discussion of possible risks and drug interactions
  5. Beware of fakes and unscrupulous manufacturers
    • 5.1 How to recognize fake products
      • 5.1.1 Low price and suspicious shares
      • 5.1.2 Lack of marking and information about the manufacturer
      • 5.1.3 Unusual appearance or smell
    • 5.2 unscrupulous advertising and promises
      • 5.2.1 exaggerated statements about effectiveness
      • 5.2.2 Using false reviews and recommendations
      • 5.2.3 Pressure on the consumer and restriction of time to make a decision
    • 5.3 where to buy dietary supplements is safe
      • 5.3.1 Verified pharmacies and specialized stores
      • 5.3.2 Official manufacturers’ sites
      • 5.3.3 Avoid purchases from hand and on unverified Internet platforms
  6. The most common dangerous ingredients in dietary supplements
    • 6.1 stimulants and hormones
      • 6.1.1 Sibutramin, Ephedrine and other stimulants
      • 6.1.2 Anabolic steroids and other hormonal drugs
      • 6.1.3 Side effects and health risks
    • 6.2 heavy metals and toxic substances
      • 6.2.1 lead, mercury, cadmium and other heavy metals
      • 6.2.2 Pesticides, herbicides and other pollutants
      • 6.2.3 sources of pollution and control methods
    • 6.3 not indicated in the composition of drugs
      • 6.3.1 Detection of medicinal substances in dietary supplements
      • 6.3.2 risks for health and interaction with drugs
    • 6.4 allergens
      • 6.4.1 The most common allergens in dietary supplement
      • 6.4.2 Marking of allergens and warnings
      • 6.4.3 The risk of allergic reactions and precautions
  7. Safe use of dietary supplements: recommendations and rules
    • 7.1 Compliance with the dosage and reception mode
      • 7.1.1 individual needs and factors affecting the dosage
      • 7.1.2 Exceeding the dosage and its consequences
    • 7.2 interaction of dietary supplements with drugs and other dietary supplements
      • 7.2.1 possible interactions and their consequences
      • 7.2.2 Consultation with a doctor about compatibility
    • 7.3 Special groups of the population: children, pregnant and nursing women, elderly people
      • 7.3.1 risks and warnings for each group
      • 7.3.2 The need to consult a doctor
    • 7.4 possible side effects and what to do in the case of their occurrence
      • 7.4.1 The most common side effects
      • 7.4.2 How to recognize a side effect and take measures
      • 7.4.3 Application for medical help
  8. Dietary supplement for children: features of choice and application
    • 8.1 The necessity and feasibility of admission of dietary supplements by children
    • 8.2 safe ingredients and dosage for children
    • 8.3 dietary supplement to strengthen immunity, improve appetite and development
    • 8.4 Consultation with a pediatrician before receiving dietary supplement
  9. Dietary supplement for pregnant and lactating women: risks and advantages
    • 9.1 The importance of consulting a doctor before taking a dietary supplement
    • 9.2 Safe and recommended dietary supplements for pregnant women
    • 9.3 dietary supplement to support the health of the mother and the development of the child
    • 9.4 The exclusion of potentially dangerous ingredients
  10. Dietary supplement for older people: needs and warnings
    • 10.1 Age changes and the needs for nutrients
    • 10.2 dietary supplement to maintain the health of bones, joints, heart and brain
    • 10.3 risks of drug interaction and side effects
    • 10.4 The need to consult a doctor
  11. Myths and misconceptions about dietary supplements
    • 11.1 “Bad is natural and therefore safe”
    • 11.2 “Bad treat all diseases”
    • 11.3 “All dietary supplement is equally effective”
    • 11.4 “Bad can be taken without consultation with a doctor”
    • 11.5 debunking myths and providing reliable information
  12. How to report a poor -quality or dangerous dietary supplement?
    • 12.1 where to go in the event of a poor -quality dietary supplement
      • 12.1.1 Rospotrebnadzor
      • 12.1.2 Roszdravnadzor
      • 12.1.3 to the manufacturer or importer
    • 12.2 The necessary information for filing a complaint
    • 12.3 Consumer rights and protection of their interests
  13. BAD market development prospects and security trends
    • 13.1 Development of legislation and standards
    • 13.2 New technologies and innovations in the production of dietary supplements
    • 13.3 Improving consumer awareness of safety
    • 13.4 The role of science and research in ensuring the safety of BAD
  14. Examples of specific dietary supplements and their safety analysis
    • 14.1 Review of popular dietary supplements for various purposes (for example, for immunity, for sleep, for weight loss)
    • 14.2 Analysis of the composition, efficiency and possible side effects
    • 14.3 Risk and advantages assessment
    • 14.4 Recommendations for the choice and application of specific dietary supplements
  15. Check list for choosing a safe dietary supplement
    • 15.1 A brief list of questions and actions to check the safety of dietary supplements before buying and using
    • 15.2 Using a checklist as a tool for making a conscious decision
  16. Sources of information and useful links
    • 16.1 List of scientific publications, regulatory documents and other useful resources
    • 16.2 links to sites of state bodies, organizations and experts in the field of dietary supplements

1. What is dietary supplements and why is their safety important?

1.1 DEMPORTION OF DAA (biologically active additives)

Biologically active additives (dietary supplements) are concentrates of natural or identical to natural biologically active substances, designed for direct intake with food or introduction into food products in order to enrich the ration with individual food substances or complexes of such substances, as well as to increase the body’s stability to adverse environmental factors. They are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases.

The composition of dietary supplements may include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, food fibers, probiotics, prebiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, plant extracts and other biologically active components. The form of release is diverse: tablets, capsules, powders, solutions, syrups, bars, etc.

1.2 Role of dietary supplements in modern society

In modern society, dietary supplements play an important role in maintaining health and preventing diseases. They are used for:

  • Enrichment of the diet: Bad can replenish the deficiency of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients, especially in conditions of unbalanced nutrition or increased body needs.
  • Immunity fortifications: Some dietary supplements contain components that contribute to the strengthening of the immune system and increase resistance to infections.
  • Maintaining the functions of organs and systems: There are dietary supplements developed to maintain the health of cardiovascular, nervous, digestive and other body systems.
  • Improving overall well -being: Bad can help cope with fatigue, stress and improve overall well -being.
  • Prevention of diseases: Some dietary supplements have preventive properties and can reduce the risk of certain diseases.
  • Sports nutrition: Bades are used to increase endurance, strength, and improve recovery after training.

1.3 Potential risks and side effects

Despite the potential benefit, dietary supplements can represent certain risks for health, especially if the choice of individual characteristics of the body is incorrectly choice. Potential risks include:

  • Poor raw materials: The use of poor -quality raw materials containing impurities, heavy metals, pesticides and other pollutants.
  • Non -compliance with production standards: Violation of technological processes and lack of quality control in production.
  • Incorrect dosage: Exceeding the recommended dosage or incorrect reception mode.
  • Interaction with drugs: The interaction of dietary supplements with drugs, leading to increased or weakening of their action, as well as to the occurrence of side effects.
  • Allergic reactions: Individual intolerance or allergies to dietary supplements.
  • Unforeseen side effects: The occurrence of undesirable reactions of the body associated with the use of dietary supplements.
  • Lack of proven effectiveness: Some dietary supplements do not have sufficient scientific evidence of effectiveness and may be useless.
  • Fakes: The purchase of fake products containing dangerous or ineffective ingredients.

1.4 The importance of choosing safe and effective dietary supplements

In connection with the above risks, it is extremely important to carefully choose dietary supplements, paying attention to their safety and effectiveness. The following factors must be taken into account:

  • Reputation manufacturer: Choose a dietary supplement from well -known and trusted manufacturers with a good reputation.
  • The presence of a certificate of state registration (SGR): Make sure that the dietary supplement has a SGR issued by the authorized body.
  • Composition and information on the label: Carefully study the composition of dietary supplements and information on the label, paying attention to the list of ingredients, dosage, recommendations for use and contraindications.
  • The results of independent studies: Look for information about scientific research confirming the effectiveness and safety of dietary supplements.
  • Reviews of consumers and experts: Check out the reviews of consumers and experts about a specific dietary supplement.
  • Consultation with a doctor: Before starting dietary supplements, consult a doctor or other qualified specialist.

2. Legal regulation of dietary supplements in Russia and the world

2.1 Legislative framework in the Russian Federation

In the Russian Federation, the turnover of BAD is regulated by a number of regulatory legal acts aimed at ensuring their quality and safety.

2.1.1 Federal Law “On the quality and safety of food products”

This law is fundamental in the field of food regulation, including dietary supplements. It determines the basic requirements for the quality and safety of food products, and also establishes liability for violation of these requirements.

2.1.2 Technical regulations of the Customs Union

On the territory of the Customs Union (Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan) there are technical regulations that establish mandatory requirements for food products, including dietary supplements. The main technical regulations regarding dietary supplements:

  • TR TS 021/2011 “On the safety of food products”: Establishes general requirements for food safety, including microbiological, toxicological and radiological indicators.
  • TR TS 022/2011 “Food products regarding its marking”: Determines the requirements for labeling of food products, including information about the composition, food value, shelf life and storage conditions.
  • TR TS 029/2012 “Requirements of the safety of food additives, flavors and technological auxiliary products”: It sets the requirements for the safety of food additives, which can be used as part of dietary supplements.

2.1.3 State registration of dietary supplement

All dietary supplements produced or imported into the territory of the Russian Federation are subject to mandatory state registration. State registration is carried out by the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor).

To receive a certificate of state registration (SGR), the manufacturer or importer must provide the Rospotrebnadzor with a full package of documents confirming safety and quality of dietary supplements, including:

  • Documents confirming the compliance of dietary supplements with the requirements of technical regulations.
  • The results of laboratory tests confirming the safety and quality of dietary supplements.
  • Information about the composition, properties and field of application of dietary supplements.
  • Instructions for use.

After the examination of the submitted documents and laboratory tests, Rospotrebnadzor decides on state registration of dietary supplements and issues a certificate of state registration. The presence of SGR is a prerequisite for the production, import and sale of dietary supplements in the territory of the Russian Federation.

2.2 Comparison with international standards (USA, Europe)

Adjustment of dietary supplements in different countries of the world has its own characteristics. In the USA and Europe, their own control and supervision systems are operating.

2.2.1 FDA (Food and Drug Administration) в США

In the United States, BAD is regulated by the sanitary supervision of the quality of food and medication (Food and Drug Administration, FDA). Unlike drugs, dietary supplements are not subject to a mandatory preliminary assessment of the FDA before entering the market. However, FDA supervises the production and marking of dietary supplements, and also conducts investigations in case of complaints about their security.

Dietary supplements in the USA are required to comply with the requirements of GMP (good manufactoring practice), which ensure the quality and safety of products. FDA may also make claims to dietary supplement manufacturers if their products contain dangerous ingredients or does not correspond to the declared properties.

2.2.2 EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) in Europe

In the European Union, food safety, including dietary supplements, is controlled by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) agency. EFSA assesses the risks associated with the use of food products, and provides scientific consultations of the European Commission and EU member states.

The regulation of dietary supplements in the EU is carried out at the national level, but there are general rules established by the European Commission. For example, there are restrictions on the use of certain ingredients in dietary supplements, as well as the requirements for labeling and advertising.

2.2.3 differences in regulation and requirements

The main differences in the regulation of dietary supplements in Russia, the USA and Europe:

  • Pre -assessment: In Russia, dietary supplements are subject to mandatory state registration, which involves a preliminary assessment of their security and quality. In the USA and Europe, such a preliminary assessment, as a rule, is not.
  • Manufacturer’s responsibility: In Russia, a manufacturer or importer is responsible for the safety of dietary supplements. In the USA and Europe, the responsibility also lies with the manufacturer, but the FDA and EFSA are supervised and may make claims in case of violation of the requirements.
  • Marking requirements: Bad labeling requirements in different countries may differ. In Russia, the marking should contain information about the composition, nutritional value, shelf life, storage conditions, manufacturer and SGR. In the USA and Europe, the requirements for labeling are also quite strict, but may differ in details.
  • Advertising control: Advertising of dietary supplements in different countries is also regulated in different ways. In Russia, advertising dietary supplements should be reliable and should not mislead consumers. In the USA and Europe, advertising dietary supplements is also subject to control by FDA and EFSA.

3. Factors affecting the safety of dietary supplements

The safety of dietary supplements depends on a number of factors associated with the quality of raw materials, the production process, composition and dosage, as well as storage conditions.

3.1 quality of raw materials

3.1.1 sources of raw materials and their control

The quality of raw materials used to produce dietary supplements is one of the most important factors that determine their safety. Raw materials can be plant, animal or mineral origin. It is important that the raw materials are obtained from reliable sources where quality and safety standards are observed.

Control over sources of raw materials includes:

  • Verification of suppliers: Assessment of the supplier reputation, availability of quality certificates and compliance with standards.
  • Audit of production: Checking the conditions for growing, collecting, processing and storing raw materials.
  • Laboratory research: Analysis of raw materials for the content of active substances, impurities, heavy metals, pesticides and other pollutants.

3.1.2 The presence of pesticides, heavy metals and other pollutants

The raw materials for dietary supplements can be contaminated with pesticides, heavy metals, microorganisms and other toxic substances. These pollutants can enter the raw materials from the soil, water, air or in the process of processing and storage.

Pesticides are chemicals used to combat plant pests. Heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic) are toxic elements that can accumulate in plants and animals. Microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses) can cause infections and poisoning.

To control the pollution of raw materials, laboratory tests are carried out to determine the concentration of toxic substances and microorganisms. In case of exceeding the permissible levels of pollution, raw materials are not allowed to use dietary supplements in the production of dietary supplements.

3.2 Production process

3.2.1 Compliance with GMP standards (good manufacturing practice)

Compliance with GMP standards (good manufactoring practice) is the most important condition for ensuring the quality and safety of dietary supplements. GMP is a system of norms, rules and instructions regarding the production of medicines, dietary supplements and other goods that regulate and evaluate production parameters and laboratory inspection.

GMP standards cover all stages of dietary supplements, from the purchase of raw materials to packaging and storage of finished products. They include requirements for:

  • Premises and equipment: The premises should be clean, dry and well ventilated. Equipment must be serviceable and regularly maintained.
  • Staff: The staff must be trained in the GMP rules and observe hygiene.
  • Documentation: All stages of production must be documented.
  • Quality control: Quality control should be carried out at all stages of production.
  • Packaging and marking: The packaging should ensure the safety of dietary supplements. Marking should contain complete and reliable information about the product.

Compliance with GMP standards guarantees that dietary supplements are made in accordance with the established quality and safety requirements.

3.2.2 Quality control at all stages of production

Quality control should be carried out at all stages of dietary supplements, from the purchase of raw materials to the release of finished products. Quality control includes:

  • Input control of raw materials: Checking raw materials for compliance with quality and safety requirements.
  • Technological process control: Monitoring compliance with technological parameters at all stages of production.
  • General products control: Checking finished products for compliance with quality and safety requirements, including analysis for the content of active substances, impurities and microorganisms.
  • Stability: Assessment of product stability throughout the expiration date.

The results of quality control should be documented. If deviations are detected from the established requirements, measures are taken to eliminate them.

3.3 dosage and composition

3.3.1 Recommendations for dosage and their scientific rationale

The dosage of dietary supplements should be scientifically justified and comply with the needs of the body. Dosage recommendations should be indicated on the label. When determining the dosage, the following factors are taken into account:

  • Age and weight: The dosage for children, adults and the elderly may vary.
  • Floor: The needs of men and women in certain nutrients may vary.
  • Health status: In the presence of diseases, dosage of dietary supplements can be adjusted by the doctor.
  • Individual features: Individual sensitivity to certain substances can affect the dosage.

Recommendations for dosage should be based on the results of scientific research and clinical trials. It is important to observe the recommended dosage and not exceed it without consulting a doctor.

3.3.2 The interaction of the ingredients among themselves

The composition of dietary supplements should be carefully thought out so that the ingredients interact with each other synergically, enhancing the beneficial properties of each other. Some ingredients can interact antagonistically, reducing each other’s effectiveness or causing side effects.

For example, vitamin C improves the absorption of iron, and calcium may prevent the absorption of iron. Some plant extracts can interact with drugs, enhancing or weakening their effect.

When developing the composition of dietary supplements, it is necessary to take into account the possible interactions of the ingredients among themselves and to avoid undesirable combinations.

3.3.3 Risk of overdose and toxicity

Exceeding the recommended dosage of dietary supplements can lead to an overdose and toxicity. Symptoms of overdose can be different, depending on the ingredient and dose.

For example, an overdose of vitamin A can cause nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness and skin rashes. An overdose of iron can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting and liver damage.

Some dietary supplements can be toxic even in small doses. For example, some plant extracts may contain toxic alkaloids.

It is important to observe the recommended dosage of dietary supplements and not exceed it without consulting a doctor. In the event of an overdose or toxicity symptoms, it is necessary to immediately seek medical help.

3.4 storage conditions

3.4.1 The effect of temperature, humidity and light on the quality of dietary supplements

The conditions for storage of dietary supplements can have a significant impact on their quality and safety. Temperature, humidity and light can lead to the destruction of active substances, a change in physical properties and pollution by microorganisms.

High temperature can accelerate the processes of oxidation and decomposition of active substances. High humidity can contribute to the growth of microorganisms and mold. Light can lead to photochemical reactions that destroy active substances.

3.4.2 Storage rules to maintain efficiency and safety

To maintain the efficiency and safety of dietary supplements, the following storage rules must be observed:

  • Store dietary supplements in dry, cool and protected place from the light.
  • Do not store dietary supplements in the bathroom or in the kitchen, where there is high humidity.
  • Do not store dietary supplements on the windowsill, where they can be exposed to direct sunlight.
  • Store dietary supplement in the original packaging to protect them from environmental exposure.
  • Do not use dietary supplements after expiration of the expiration date.
  • Store dietary supplements in no way for children.

Compliance with storage rules will maintain the quality and safety of dietary supplements throughout the expiration date.

4. How to check the safety of dietary supplements before buying?

Before buying dietary supplements, you need to carefully check their safety in order to avoid acquiring low -quality or dangerous products.

4.1 Verification of the availability of a certificate of state registration (SGR)

4.1.1 where to find information about SGR

The presence of a certificate of state registration (SGR) is a prerequisite for the implementation of dietary supplements in the territory of the Russian Federation. Information about the SGR should be indicated on the BAD label. Usually the SGR is indicated in the form of a number and date of issuance.

4.1.2 How to check the authenticity of the SGR

The authenticity of the SGR can be checked on the website of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Blessing (Rospotrebnadzor) in the section “Register of certificates of state registration”. On the site you can enter the SGR number and get information about dietary supplements, manufacturer and validity of the SGR.

The authenticity of the SGR allows you to make sure that the dietary supplement is registered in the prescribed manner and meets the safety requirements.

4.2 Study of composition and information on the label

4.2.1 List of ingredients and their concentration

Carefully study the list of ingredients indicated on the label. Make sure that there are no ingredients for which you have an allergy or individual intolerance to the composition. Pay attention to the concentration of active substances. Compare the concentration of active substances in different dietary supplements and select the one that contains the optimal dosage.

4.2.2 Information about the manufacturer and importer

The label should indicate information about the manufacturer and importer of dietary supplements, including the name, address and contact details. Check the reputation of the manufacturer and importer. Choose a dietary supplement from well -known and trusted manufacturers with a good reputation.

4.2.3 Recommendations for use and contraindications

The label should indicate recommendations for the use of dietary supplements, including dosage, reception mode and duration of the course. Carefully study the contraindications. Do not take dietary supplement if you have contraindications.

4.3 Search for independent research and reviews

4.3.1 Scientific articles and clinical trials

Look for information about scientific articles and clinical trials devoted to the studied dietary supplements. Scientific research makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of dietary supplements based on objective data. The results of scientific research can be found in scientific databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, etc.

4.3.2 Expert reviews and consumer ratings

Check out the reviews of experts and consumer dietary supplements. Experts can evaluate the composition, effectiveness and safety of dietary supplements based on their experience and knowledge. Consumer ratings allow you to find out the opinion of other people who have already used this dietary supplement.

4.3.3 Assessment of reliability of information sources

When finding information about dietary supplements, it is important to evaluate the reliability of sources of information. Do not trust information published on sites that do not have a scientific reputation or pursuing commercial goals. Trust the information published in scientific journals, on the sites of state bodies and organizations, as well as on the websites of experts in the field of dietary supplements.

4.4 Consultation with a doctor or specialist

4.4.1 The need to consult a dietary supplement

Before starting dietary supplements, you need to consult a doctor or other qualified specialist. The doctor will be able to evaluate your health status, identify possible contraindications and choose the optimal dosage of dietary supplements.

4.4.2 Discussion of possible risks and drug interactions

During a consultation with a doctor, it is necessary to discuss possible risks and interaction of dietary supplements with the drugs that you take. Some dietary supplements can interact with medicines, enhancing or weakening their effect, as well as causing side effects.

5. beware of fakes and unscrupulous manufacturers

In the dietary supplement market there is a risk of acquiring fake products or products from unscrupulous manufacturers. It is important to know how to recognize a fake and how to avoid deception.

5.1 How to recognize fake products

5.1.1 Low price and suspicious shares

The low price may be a sign of fake products. Fakes are often sold at a low price to attract customers. Be careful with suspicious actions and discounts that seem too profitable.

5.1.2 Lack of marking and information about the manufacturer

Fake products often do not have marking or have incomplete or inaccurate information about the manufacturer. On fake packaging, the number of the SGR, the address of the manufacturer or the date of production may be absent.

5.1.3 Unusual appearance or smell

Fake products can have an unusual appearance or smell. Tablets or capsules can have an irregular shape, color or size. The powder can be heterogeneous in texture or have an unpleasant odor.

5.2 unscrupulous advertising and promises

5.2.1 exaggerated statements about effectiveness

Unscrupulous manufacturers often use exaggerated statements about dietary supplements. They can promise a cure for all diseases, rapid weight loss or instant health improvement. Do not believe the promises that seem too good to be true.

5.2.2 Using false reviews and recommendations

Unscrupulous manufacturers can use

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