Bades: a hidden threat to your health

Bades: a hidden threat to your health

Part 1: What are dietary supplements and why are they so popular?

1. Definition and classification of dietary supplements:

   Biologically active additives (dietary supplements) are concentrates of natural or identical to natural biologically active substances designed for direct intake with food or introduction into food products. They are not medicines and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. Their goal is to replenish the deficiency of nutrients, maintaining the normal function of the body and increased resistance to adverse environmental factors.

   You can classify dietary supplements according to several signs:

   • By composition:
     • Nutricevtiki: Contain the necessary nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3, omega-6). Their task is to replenish the deficiency of these substances in the diet.
     • Parafarmetzetics: They influence individual organs and systems of the body, approaching the action of drugs. May contain plant extracts, beekeeping products, animal components and other biologically active substances. Their task is to maintain and improve the functioning of the body.
     • Probiotics and prebiotics: They contain living microorganisms (probiotics) or substances that contribute to the growth of beneficial intestinal microflora (prebiotics). Their task is to normalize the intestinal microflora and improve digestion.
   • By the form of release: Tablets, capsules, powders, solutions, teas, bars, etc.
   • By the orientation of the action: Dad for immunity, for weight loss, to improve brain function, for joint health, for athletes, etc.

2. Factors that determine the popularity of dietary supplements:

   The popularity of dietary supplements is explained by a number of factors:

   • The desire for a healthy lifestyle: The growing interest in a healthy lifestyle and the prevention of diseases stimulates the demand for dietary supplements as a means of maintaining health and improving well -being.
   • Insufficient power quality: The modern diet of nutrition often does not provide the body with all the necessary nutrients due to the impoverishment of the soil, the use of processing technologies leading to the loss of vitamins and minerals, and the consumption of a large number of processed products.
   • Aggressive advertising: Bad marketing campaigns often promise a quick and easy solution to health problems, which attracts people who seek alternative to traditional treatment methods. Advertising often exploits the fears and hopes of consumers, promising to get rid of excess weight, increase immunity, improve memory, etc. Without the need to make efforts.
   • Easy access: Bades are sold in pharmacies, healthy food stores, via the Internet and even through network marketing, which makes them easily accessible for a wide range of consumers.
   • Self -medication: Many people prefer to self -medicate, using dietary supplements to solve health problems without seeing a doctor. This may be due to a lack of time, distrust of doctors or the desire to save on medical services.
   • Placebo effect: Belief in the effectiveness of dietary supplements can lead to an improvement in well -being even in the absence of real physiological effects.
   • Lack of strict regulation: Unlike drugs, dietary supplements do not go through strict clinical trials, which allows manufacturers to bring products with unproven efficiency and safety to the market.

Part 2: Bad regulation: gaps and disadvantages

3. Legal base for regulation of dietary supplements in Russia and the CIS:

   In Russia and other CIS countries, dietary supplements are regulated on the basis of national legislation, sanitary rules and norms. The main document is the Federal Law “On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population.” Bad registration is carried out by the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor).

   The main stages of registration of dietary supplements include:

   • Application and provision of the necessary documents: Information about the composition, manufacturer, field of application, indications and contraindications.
   • Sanitary and epidemiological examination: Safety and compliance with dietary supplements are assessed to sanitary standards and rules.
   • Bad registration and issuance of a certificate of state registration: The certificate confirms that the dietary supplement meets the safety requirements and may be allowed to sell.

   Despite the presence of a legal framework, the regulation of dietary supplements has a number of significant drawbacks:

   • Lack of mandatory clinical trials: Unlike drugs, mandatory clinical trials confirming their effectiveness and safety are not required to register dietary supplements. This allows manufacturers to bring food to the market with an unproven action and a potential risk to health.
   • Simplified registration procedure: The procedure for registering dietary supplements is much simpler and faster than for drugs. This creates opportunities for unscrupulous manufacturers who can use a simplified procedure to withdraw low -quality or dangerous products to the market.
   • Insufficient control over production and implementation: Control over the production and sale of dietary supplements leaves much to be desired. There are often cases of falsification, falsification and sale of dietary supplements with an expired shelf life. The system for controlling the advertising of dietary supplements, which often contains inaccurate information and misleads consumers, is not effective enough.
   • Border blur between dietary supplements and medicine: Some dietary supplements in their composition and action approach drugs, but are sold without a prescription and do not pass strict clinical trials. This creates the risk of improper use and delay in the necessary treatment.
   • Corruption: In the field of registration and control of dietary supplements, there is a risk of corruption, which can lead to registration of poor -quality or dangerous products.

4. Comparison of regulation of dietary supplements in Russia and abroad (USA, Europe):

   Adjustment of dietary supplements in Russia differs from regulation in US and European countries:

   • USA: In the USA, dietary supplements are regulated as food, and not as drugs. The Office for Sanitary Supervision of the Quality of Food and Medicines (FDA) does not carry out a mandatory check of dietary supplements before their entry on sale. However, FDA has the right to take measures against dietary supplements if they are recognized as unsafe or contain false information. Dad manufacturers are responsible for the safety and veracity of the information indicated on the label.
   • Europe: In the European Union, dietary supplement regulation varies in different countries. In general, dietary supplements are also regulated as food. The European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) evaluates the safety and efficiency of ingredients used in dietary supplements. EU member countries have the right to establish their own rules in relation to dietary supplements, including the requirements for labeling, composition and dosage.
   • Russia: In Russia, the regulation of dietary supplements is more strict than in the USA, but less strict than in some European countries. Dietary supplements are subject to mandatory state registration, but strict clinical trials do not pass. Rospotrebnadzor monitors the production and sale of dietary supplements.

   In general, the regulation of dietary supplements in Russia and abroad has its advantages and disadvantages. In Russia, a more strict registration procedure, but there is no mandatory clinical test. In the USA and Europe, regulation is less strict, but manufacturers are of great responsibility for the safety and veracity of information about the product.

Part 3: risks associated with the use of dietary supplements

5. Lack of proven effectiveness:

   One of the main risks associated with the use of dietary supplements is the lack of proven effectiveness. Many dietary supplements are sold with promises of cure for various diseases or improving their health, but their effectiveness is not confirmed by clinical research. Instead of obtaining real benefits, consumers spend money on useless products, and sometimes miss the time for the necessary treatment.

   Reasons for the lack of proven effectiveness:

   • Insufficient number of research: Many dietary supplements have not been subjected to serious clinical research that allows you to evaluate their effectiveness and safety.
   • Low quality research: Some studies conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary supplements have low quality and do not comply with international standards. Such studies may make errors in design, methodology or data analysis.
   • The bias of research: Studies financed by dietary supplements can be biased and give positive results, even if the product does not have real effectiveness.
   • Individual reaction: The effect of dietary supplements can vary greatly in different people, depending on their age, state of health, lifestyle and other factors. What helped one person may be ineffective for another.

6. The risk of side effects and interaction with drugs:

   The use of dietary supplements can lead to the development of side effects, especially with prolonged use or in high doses. Some dietary supplements can cause allergic reactions, digestive disorders, headaches and other unpleasant symptoms.

   In addition, dietary supplements can interact with drugs by changing their effectiveness or increasing side effects. For example, some dietary supplements can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants, which increases the risk of thrombosis. Other dietary supplements can enhance the effect of antidepressants, which can lead to the development of serotonin syndrome.

   It is important to inform the doctor about the use of dietary supplements in order to avoid undesirable interactions with medicines.

7. Inaccurate information on packaging and advertising:

   The information indicated on the packaging and in the advertising of dietary supplements is often inaccurate and misleads consumers. Manufacturers can declare the miraculous properties of their products, exaggerate their effectiveness or remain silent about possible side effects.

   The full composition of the product is often not indicated on the packaging of dietary supplements, which complicates the assessment of its safety. Some dietary supplements may contain substances that are not indicated on the label that can be dangerous to health.

   It is important to critically relate to the information indicated on the packaging and in the advertisement of the dietary supplement, and consult a doctor before their use.

8. The risk of contamination with heavy metals and other dangerous substances:

   Bad, especially plant origin, can be polluted by heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury), pesticides and other dangerous substances. Pollution can occur at the stage of growing raw materials, its processing or production.

   Long -term use of dietary supplements contaminated with heavy metals can lead to the development of chronic diseases and poisoning.

   When buying dietary supplements, you need to pay attention to the reputation of the manufacturer and the availability of quality certificates confirming the safety of the product.

9. The risk of fakes and falsifications:

   The dietary supplement market is at risk of fakes and falsifications. Unscrupulous manufacturers can fake popular dietary supplements using cheap and low -quality ingredients. Fake dietary supplements can be ineffective and even dangerous to health.

   When buying dietary supplements, you need to pay attention to the appearance of the packaging, the presence of protective signs and holograms, as well as on the price of the product. Too low price may indicate a fake.

10. Delay of seeking qualified medical care:

    The use of dietary supplements can lead to a delay in circulation for qualified medical care. People, relying on dietary supplements, can ignore the symptoms of serious diseases and postpone a visit to the doctor. This can lead to a deterioration in health and complicate treatment.

    It is important to remember that dietary supplements are not a replacement for a complete treatment and cannot be used to self -medicate serious diseases. When any symptoms appear, you must consult a doctor to make a diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Part 4: How to minimize risks when using dietary supplements

11. Consultation with a doctor before use:

    Before starting to take dietary supplement, you need to consult a doctor. The doctor will be able to evaluate your health status, identify possible contraindications and choose the most suitable dietary supplement, taking into account your individual needs. The doctor will also be able to warn about possible side effects and drug interactions.

    It is especially important to consult a doctor, if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, suffer from chronic diseases or take any drugs.

12. The choice of products from reliable manufacturers:

    When choosing dietary supplements, it is necessary to give preference to products from reliable manufacturers with a good reputation. Reliable manufacturers use high -quality raw materials, comply with production standards and conduct quality control of their products.

    Before buying dietary supplements, it is worth studying reviews about the manufacturer and its products on the Internet, as well as check the availability of quality certificates.

13. A careful study of the composition and instructions for use:

    Before using dietary supplements, it is necessary to carefully study the composition of the product and instructions for use. Pay attention to the presence of allergens, contraindications and possible side effects. Strictly observe the recommended dosage and duration of use.

    If you have any questions about the composition or use of dietary supplements, consult a doctor or pharmacist.

14. Assessment of the appropriateness of the use of dietary supplements:

    Before starting dietary supplements, it is necessary to assess the appropriateness of their use. Do not take dietary supplements just like that, “for prevention” or “to improve well -being.” Bad should be taken only if there are specific indications, such as a deficiency of nutrients, digestive disorders or weakened immunity.

    Remember that dietary supplements are not a replacement for good nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. Balanced nutrition, regular physical exercises and rejection of bad habits is the basis of health and well -being.

15. Compliance with the recommended dosage and duration of application:

    When using dietary supplements, it is necessary to strictly observe the recommended dosage and the duration of the application specified in the instructions. Exceeding the dosage can lead to the development of side effects and a deterioration in health.

    Long -term use of dietary supplements without consulting a doctor is not recommended, as this can lead to the development of dependence or other undesirable consequences.

16. Observation of the state of health and timely seeking a doctor when side effects appear:

    During the use of dietary supplements, it is necessary to carefully monitor the state of your health. When any side effects appear (allergic reactions, digestive disorders, headaches, etc.), it is necessary to immediately stop taking dietary supplements and consult a doctor.

    Do not try to treat side effects yourself. The doctor will be able to determine the cause of side effects and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

17. Informing the doctor about the admission of dietary supplements when seeking medical help:

    When applying for medical help, it is necessary to inform the doctor about the admission of dietary supplements. This will help the doctor avoid undesirable interactions with medicines and correctly diagnosed.

    Tell the doctor what dietary supplements you take, in what dosage and how long.

Part 5: Alternatives to use dietary supplements

18. Balanced nutrition:

    The best alternative to the use of dietary supplements is a balanced diet that provides the body with all the necessary nutrients. The diet should include a variety of products, such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, meat, fish, dairy products and nuts.

    When compiling a diet, it is necessary to take into account age, gender, state of health and level of physical activity. If necessary, you can seek advice to a nutritionist.

19. Healthy lifestyle:

    A healthy lifestyle includes not only a balanced diet, but also regular physical exercises, rejection of bad habits (smoking, alcohol consumption), a sufficient amount of sleep and stress management.

    Regular physical exercises help maintain normal weight, strengthen immunity and improve mood. The rejection of bad habits reduces the risk of developing many diseases. A sufficient amount of sleep is necessary to restore the body and maintain the normal functioning of the nervous system. Stress management helps to prevent the development of depression and other mental disorders.

20. Regular medical examinations and consultations with specialists:

    Regular medical examinations and consultations with specialists help to identify diseases in the early stages and prevent their development. It is recommended to undergo preventive examinations at least once a year.

    If there are any symptoms, you must consult a doctor to make a diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Part 6: dietary supplements and special population groups

21. Bad for children:

    The use of dietary supplements in children requires special caution. The children’s body is more sensitive to the effects of various substances, and the improper use of dietary supplements can lead to serious consequences.

    • The need to consult a pediatrician: Before giving a dietary supplement to a child, be sure to consult a pediatrician. The doctor will evaluate the state of health of the child and determine whether he really needs dietary supplements.
    • Choosing dietary supplement for children: Choose dietary supplements specially designed for children. Such dietary supplements contain smaller doses of active substances and have a safer composition.
    • Strictly compliance with the dosage: Strictly follow the recommended dosage indicated on the package of dietary supplements. Do not exceed the dosage, even if it seems to you that the child needs more.
    • Risks and side effects: Be attentive to possible side effects. If any unwanted symptoms appear, stop taking dietary supplements and consult a doctor.
    • Alternatives dietary supplement: Consider the possibility of obtaining the necessary vitamins and minerals from a balanced diet.

22. Bad for pregnant women and lactating women:

    Pregnancy and breastfeeding are special periods in a woman’s life, when the body needs an increased amount of nutrients. However, the use of dietary supplements during these periods requires particular caution.

    • Mandatory consultation with a doctor: Before using any dietary supplements during pregnancy and breastfeeding, be sure to consult a doctor.
    • Assessment of potential benefits and risks: The doctor will evaluate the potential benefits of dietary supplements for your body and risks for you and your child.
    • Choosing safe dietary supplements: Choose dietary supplements specially designed for pregnant and nursing women. Such dietary supplements contain the necessary vitamins and minerals in safe dosages.
    • Avoid dietary supplements with herbs and other active substances: Avoid dietary supplements containing herbs and other active substances, as they can be dangerous for you and your child.
    • Balanced nutrition as a priority: Make an emphasis on a balanced diet to provide the body with all the necessary nutrients.

23. Bad for the elderly:

    With age, the body undergoes changes that can lead to a deficiency of nutrients and a deterioration in health status. Bad can be useful for the elderly, but their use requires special attention.

    • Consultation with a geriator or therapist: Before using dietary supplements, consult a geriator or therapist. The doctor will appreciate your health and determine which dietary supplements you need.
    • Accounting for related diseases and drugs: The doctor will take into account your related diseases and medicines that you take to avoid undesirable interactions.
    • The choice of dietary supplements taking into account individual needs: Choose dietary supplements taking into account your individual needs. For example, if you have osteoporosis, you may be useful for a dietary supplement with calcium and vitamin D.
    • Observation of side effects: Carefully follow possible side effects. If any unwanted symptoms appear, stop taking dietary supplements and consult a doctor.
    • Balanced nutrition and physical activity: Remember that dietary supplements are not a replacement for a balanced diet and physical activity.

24. Bad for athletes:

    Athletes often use dietary supplements to increase endurance, improve recovery after training and increase muscle mass. However, the use of dietary supplements in sports also requires particular caution.

    • Consultation with a sports doctor or nutritionist: Before using dietary supplements, consult a sports doctor or nutritionist.
    • The choice of dietary supplements with proven effectiveness: Choose a dietary supplement with proven effectiveness confirmed by scientific research.
    • Beware of doping: Beware of dietary supplements containing prohibited substances. The use of such dietary supplements can lead to disqualification.
    • Individual approach: Consider your individual needs and features of the training process when choosing dietary supplements.
    • Balanced diet and proper training mode: Remember that dietary supplements are not a replacement for a balanced diet and the right training mode.

Part 7: Psychological aspect of dietary supplements

25. Consumer psychology and marketing tricks:

    Drual consumption is often due to psychological factors and the skillful use of marketing tricks.

    • Fear of diseases: Many people buy dietary supplements because of fear of illnesses and the desire to strengthen immunity.
    • Hope to a miracle: Advertising of dietary supplements often promises miraculous results, which attracts people who seek a quick and easy solution to health problems.
    • Placebo effect: Belief in the effectiveness of dietary supplements can lead to improvement of well -being even in the absence of real physiological effects.
    • The influence of advertising and public opinion: Advertising of BAD actively uses social networks and the opinion of public opinion leaders to promote their products.
    • Lack of information and critical thinking: Many people do not have sufficient knowledge about dietary supplements and are not able to critically evaluate advertising information.

    Dietary supplies are actively using these psychological factors to increase sales of their products.

26. The influence of advertising on the formation of opinions about dietary supplements:

    Advertising has a huge impact on the formation of opinions about dietary supplements.

    • Creating a positive image: Advertising creates a positive image of dietary supplements, promising improvement of health, appearance and well -being.
    • Using authoritative sources: Advertising often uses the opinions of doctors and other experts to confirm the effectiveness of dietary supplements.
    • Emotional impact: Advertising uses emotional images and stories to cause consumers a desire to buy dietary supplements.
    • Inaccurate information: Advertising often contains inaccurate information about the composition, efficiency and safety of dietary supplements.
    • Aggressive marketing strategies: Advertising uses aggressive marketing strategies, such as intrusive advertising, discounts and promotions to stimulate the purchase of dietary supplements.

    It is important to critically treat advertising information and not succumb to marketing tricks.

27. Formation of dependence on dietary supplements (psychological and physical):

    The use of dietary supplements can lead to the formation of the dependence of both psychological and physical.

    • Psychological dependence: Psychological dependence on dietary supplements arises when a person begins to believe that without dietary supplement he will not be able to feel or maintain health well.
    • Physical dependence: Physical dependence on dietary supplements arises when the body gets used to certain substances contained in dietary supplements, and requires their constant admission.
    • Cancellation syndrome: Upon cessation of dietary supplements that caused physical dependence, the cancellation syndrome, manifested in the deterioration of well -being, irritability and other unpleasant symptoms, may occur.

    To avoid the formation of dependence on dietary supplements, they should be used only as prescribed by a doctor and strictly observe the recommended dosage.

Part 8: Practical tips and recommendations

28. How to choose the right dietary supplement:

    The right choice of dietary supplements is the key to their safety and efficiency.

    • Consultation with a doctor: Be sure to consult a doctor before using dietary supplements.
    • The selection of the manufacturer: Give preference to dietary supplements from well -known and trusted manufacturers.
    • Study of the composition: Carefully study the composition of dietary supplements. Make sure that there are no ingredients for which you are allergic or intolerance.
    • Certificate check: Check the availability of quality and safety certificates.
    • Reference: Compare dietary supplements in different pharmacies and stores. Too low price may indicate a fake.
    • Reading reviews: Read reviews about dietary supplements on the Internet, but treat them critically.

29. How to use dietary supplement correctly:

    The correct use of dietary supplements is no less important than the right choice.

    • Compliance with the instructions: Strictly follow the instructions for use.
    • Dosage: Do not exceed the recommended dosage.
    • Reception time: Take dietary supplements in accordance with recommendations for the reception time (before, during or after eating).
    • Interaction with drugs: Consider the possible interaction of dietary supplements with the medicines that you take.
    • Observation of the state of health: Carefully observe the state of your health during the use of dietary supplements.

30. When should you refuse to use dietary supplements:

    In some cases, dietary supplements should be abandoned.

    • Contraindications: In the presence of contraindications.
    • Allergic reactions: In case of allergic reactions.
    • Side effects: When side effects appear.
    • Pregnancy and breastfeeding: During pregnancy and breastfeeding (without consulting a doctor).
    • Serious diseases: In the presence of serious diseases (without consulting a doctor).
    • Doubts of effectiveness: With doubts about the effectiveness of dietary supplements.

31. Alternative methods of maintaining health:

    There are alternative methods of maintaining health, which can be more effective and safe than the use of dietary supplements.

    • Balanced nutrition: Provide the body with all the necessary nutrients using a balanced diet.
    • Physical activity: Contractly engage in physical activity.
    • Healthy sleep: Provide yourself a full sleep.
    • Stress management: Learn to manage stress.
    • Refusal of bad habits: Refuse bad habits (smoking, alcohol consumption).
    • Regular medical examinations: Pass regular medical examinations.

32. Where to turn for help and consultation:

    In the event of questions or problems related to the use of dietary supplements, you should seek help and advice to the following specialists:

    • Doctor (therapist, pediatrician, geriatrician, sports doctor): For consultation on the choice and use of dietary supplements, taking into account your health status.
    • Nutritionist: To develop an individual food plan and obtain recommendations for replenishing a feed deficiency.
    • Pharmacist: To obtain information about the composition, properties and possible side effects of dietary supplements.
    • Rospootrebnadzor: To file a complaint about low -quality or dangerous dietary supplements.

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