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Vitamins for hair growth: contraindications and side effects – a detailed guide

Healthy hair is not only a matter of aesthetics, but also a reflection of the general state of the body. Many people are faced with problems of falling out, thinning and slow hair growth, and one of the ways to solve these problems is to take vitamins and minerals. However, despite the apparent harmlessness, vitamins can have contraindications and cause side effects. It is important to understand what vitamins are really necessary for hair growth, in what doses they should be taken, and what risks are associated with their use.

Necessary vitamins and minerals for hair health

Hair needs a wide range of nutrients for normal growth and maintenance of structure. Key vitamins and minerals playing an important role in hair health include:

• Vitamin A (Retinol): It is important for cell growth, including hair follicles. Participates in the production of skin fat, moisturizing the scalp and hair.
• B vitamins B (Biotin, Niacin, Folic Acid, B12): It is necessary for energy metabolism in cells, including cells of hair follicles. Biotin, in particular, is known for its role in maintaining the health of hair, skin and nails.
• Vitamin C (ascorbic acid): Antioxidant, protects hair follicles from damage to free radicals. It is necessary for the synthesis of collagen, an important structural component of hair. Improves the absorption of iron.
• Vitamin D (calciferol): He plays a role in the growth of hair follicles. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with hair loss.
• Vitamin E (Tokoferol): Antioxidant improves blood circulation in the scalp, contributing to the delivery of nutrients to hair follicles.
• Iron: It is necessary to transfer oxygen to the cells of the body, including hair follicles. Iron deficiency is a common cause of hair loss, especially in women.
• Zinc: Participates in the growth and restoration of fabrics, including hair follicles. He plays a role in the work of the sebaceous glands. Zinc deficiency can lead to hair loss and dry scalp.
• Selenium: Antioxidant, protects the cells from damage by free radicals. It is necessary for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, which also affects the health of the hair.

Vitamin A: Contraindications and side effects

Vitamin A is necessary for the health of the hair, but its excess can be toxic. It is important to understand potential risks associated with an overdose of vitamin A.

Contraindications to the reception of vitamin A:

• Pregnancy: High doses of vitamin A can cause congenital defects in the fetus. It is strictly not recommended to take high doses of vitamin A during pregnancy.
• Liver diseases: Vitamin A accumulates in the liver, and in the presence of liver diseases, its metabolism can be disturbed, which increases the risk of toxicity.
• Chronic alcoholism: Alcohol increases the toxicity of vitamin A for the liver.
• Reception of retinoids (drugs for the treatment of acne): Simultaneous intake of vitamin A and retinoids can lead to hypervitaminosis A.
• Individual intolerance: A rare allergic reaction to vitamin A or its derivatives.

Side effects with an overdose of vitamin A (hypervitaminosis A):

• Acute hypervitaminosis a: It occurs with a single technique of very high doses of vitamin A. The symptoms include nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, visual impairment, cramps.
• Chronic hypervitaminosis A: It develops with prolonged use of high doses of vitamin A. The symptoms include:
  • Leather: Dry, peeling, itching, hair loss, skin color change.
  • Liver: Increase in the liver, impaired liver function (up to cirrhosis).
  • Bones and joints: Bones and joint pain, increased risk of fractures.
  • Nervous system: Headache, increased intracranial pressure, irritability, depression.
  • Other: Fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, visual impairment.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose (RDA) of vitamin A for adults is 900 μg RAE (retinol equivalent) for men and 700 μg RAE for women. The upper permissible level of vitamin A consumption A is 3,000 mcg RAE per day. Exceeding this dose can lead to hypervitaminosis A.

It is important to get vitamin A from a balanced diet, including products rich in beta carotene (predecessor of vitamin A), such as carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach and other vegetables and fruits.

B vitamins B (Biotin, Niacin, Folic Acid, B12): Contraindications and side effects

B vitamins play an important role in energy exchange and are necessary for hair growth and health. However, even these water -soluble vitamins can cause side effects with excessive use.

Biotin (Vitamin B7):

Contraindications:

• Individual intolerance: A rare allergic reaction to biotin.
• Kidney diseases: High doses of biotin can have a load on the kidneys.
• Reception of some drugs: Biotin can interact with some drugs such as anticonvulsants, reducing their effectiveness.
• Influence on the results of laboratory research: Biotin can distort the results of some laboratory tests, in particular, tests for thyroid hormones and troponin (marker of heart attack). It is important to warn the doctor about taking biotin before taking tests.

Side effects:

• In most cases, biotin is well tolerated. However, at high doses, they are possible:
• Skin rashes: Rare cases of allergic reactions.
• Dyspepsia: Nausea, stomach disorder.
• Changes in the results of laboratory research: As indicated above.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of biotin for adults is 30 μg. The upper permissible level of biotin consumption is not established, since it is considered relatively safe even in high doses. However, It is not recommended to exceed the dose recommended by the doctorespecially in the presence of kidney diseases or medication.

Niacin (Vitamin B3):

Contraindications:

• Liver diseases: Niacin can have a hepatotoxic effect at high doses.
• Parlias of the stomach and duodenum: Niacin can enhance the secretion of gastric juice.
• Gout: Niacin can increase the level of uric acid in the blood.
• Diabetes sugar: Niacin can increase the level of glucose in the blood.
• Reduced blood pressure (hypotension): Niacin can reduce blood pressure.
• Individual intolerance: An allergic reaction to Niacin.

Side effects:

• Redness of the skin (niacin blush): The expansion of skin vessels, accompanied by redness, itching and feeling of heat. Usually passes independently after a while. Reception of niacin during eating or taking aspirin 30 minutes before taking niacin can reduce redness.
• Dyspepsia: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
• Hepatotoxicity: Increasing the level of liver enzymes in the blood. With prolonged use of high doses, hepatitis is possible.
• Violation of glucose tolerance: Increasing blood glucose.
• Decrease in blood pressure: Dizziness, weakness.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of niacin for adults is 16 mg NE (niacin equivalent) for men and 14 mg NE for women. The upper permissible level of Niacin consumption is 35 mg per day. Reception of high doses of niacin (more than 100 mg per day) should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.

Folic acid (vitamin B9):

Contraindications:

• Individual intolerance: An allergic reaction to folic acid.
• Vitamin B12 deficiency: Folic acid can mask the symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency, which can lead to irreversible neurological damage. Before taking folic acid, it is necessary to exclude vitamin B12 deficiency.
• Oncological diseases: In some cases, folic acid can contribute to tumor growth. It is necessary to consult a doctor before taking folic acid in the presence of cancer or increased risk of their development.

Side effects:

• In most cases, folic acid is well tolerated. However, at high doses, they are possible:
• Dyspepsia: Nausea, bloating, diarrhea.
• Skin rashes: Rare cases of allergic reactions.
• Neurological disorders: In rare cases, with high doses, sleep disturbances, irritability, confusion of consciousness are possible.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of folic acid for adults is 400 mcg DFE (dietary folate equivalent). The upper permissible level of folic acid consumption is 1000 μg per day. Taking high doses of folic acid should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor, especially in the presence of diseases and deficiency of vitamin B12.

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin):

Contraindications:

• Individual intolerance: An allergic reaction to vitamin B12.
• Leber’s disease (hereditary optical neuropathy): Vitamin B12 can accelerate the development of optic atrophy with this disease.

Side effects:

• In most cases, vitamin B12 is well tolerated. However, in rare cases, they are possible:
• Skin rashes: Allergic reactions.
• Dyspepsia: Nausea, diarrhea.
• Dizziness: Rarely.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of vitamin B12 for adults is 2.4 μg. The upper permissible level of consumption of vitamin B12 has not been set, since it is considered relatively safe even in high doses. However, Taking high doses of vitamin B12 should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor, especially in the presence of diseases. People who adhere to a vegetarian or vegan diet need to ensure sufficient intake of vitamin B12 from additives or enriched products.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid): contraindications and side effects

Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant necessary for the synthesis of collagen and strengthen the immune system. However, with high doses, it can cause side effects.

Contraindications:

• Individual intolerance: An allergic reaction to vitamin C.
• Hemochromatosis: Vitamin C improves iron absorption, which can be dangerous with hemochromatosis (excessive accumulation of iron in the body).
• Oxalate kidney stones: Vitamin C can increase the formation of oxalates, which can contribute to the formation of kidney stones.
• Glucose-6-phosphategidrogenase deficiency (G6PD): High doses of vitamin C can cause hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells) in people with G6PD deficiency.

Side effects:

• Dyspepsia: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, heartburn.
• Kidneys: Increased risk of the formation of oxalate kidney stones at high doses.
• Increase in the assimilation of iron: It can be dangerous for hemochromatosis.
• Interaction with drugs: Vitamin C can affect the effectiveness of some drugs such as warfarin (anticoagulant).

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of vitamin C for adults is 90 mg for men and 75 mg for women. The upper permissible level of vitamin C is 2000 mg per day. Taking high doses of vitamin C (more than 1000 mg per day) should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor, especially in the presence of kidney diseases or other diseases.

Vitamin D (calciferol): contraindications and side effects

Vitamin D is necessary for the health of bones, the immune system and hair growth. However, its excess can be toxic.

Contraindications:

• Individual intolerance: An allergic reaction to vitamin D.
• Hypercalcemia: Increased blood calcium.
• Hypervitaminosis D: Excess vitamin D in the body.
• Kidney diseases: Vitamin D can increase the level of calcium in the blood, which can be dangerous for kidney diseases.
• Sarcoidosis: With sarcoidosis, the sensitivity to vitamin D.

Side effects (hypervitaminosis D):

• Hypercalcemia: Increased blood calcium. Symptoms include:
  • Nausea, vomiting, constipation.
  • Weakness, fatigue.
  • Bone pain.
  • Increased thirst and frequent urination.
  • Cardiac rhythm.
  • Renal failure.
• Calcium deposition in soft tissues: Including the kidneys and heart.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of vitamin D for adults is 600 IU (international units). The upper permissible level of vitamin D consumption is 4000 IU per day. Taking high doses of vitamin D (more than 4000 IU per day) should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. Before taking vitamin D, it is recommended to take a blood test to the level of vitamin D (25-OH vitamin D) to determine the individual dose.

Vitamin E (Tokoferol): Contraindications and side effects

Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that protects cells from damage to free radicals and improves blood circulation.

Contraindications:

• Individual intolerance: An allergic reaction to vitamin E.
• Reception of anticoagulants (warfarin, heparin): Vitamin E can enhance the effect of anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding.
• Vitamin K deficiency: Vitamin E can worsen blood coagulation with vitamin K. deficiency.
• Status after a stroke: Some studies show that high doses of vitamin E can increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke.

Side effects:

• In most cases, vitamin E is well tolerated. However, at high doses, they are possible:
• Increased risk of bleeding: It is especially important for people taking anticoagulants.
• Dyspepsia: Nausea, diarrhea, bloating.
• Weakness, fatigue.
• Dizziness.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of vitamin E for adults is 15 mg (alpha-tocopherol). The upper permissible level of vitamin E consumption is 1000 mg per day. Taking high doses of vitamin E (more than 400 mg per day) should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor, especially when taking anticoagulants or the presence of diseases.

Iron: Contraindications and side effects

Iron is necessary for transferring oxygen to the cells of the body, including hair follicles. Iron deficiency is a common cause of hair loss.

Contraindications:

• Individual intolerance: An allergic reaction to iron preparations.
• Hemochromatosis: Excessive accumulation of iron in the body.
• Hemosiderosis: Violation of iron metabolism with the deposition of hemosiderin in organs and tissues.
• Talasemia: A hereditary blood disease associated with a violation of hemoglobin synthesis.
• Sideroblastic Anemia: Violation of hem synthesis, leading to the accumulation of iron in erythroblasts.
• Parlias of the stomach and duodenum in the acute stage: Iron preparations can irritate the gastric mucosa.
• Inflammatory diseases of the intestine in the exacerbation stage: Iron preparations can increase inflammation.

Side effects:

• Dyspepsia: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain. Constipation is the most common side effect when taking iron drugs.
• Change of fecal color: The feces acquires black.
• Coloring tooths: Liquid iron preparations can paint teeth.
• Allergic reactions: Rarely.
• Iron overload: With prolonged use of high doses of iron preparations, especially in the presence of a predisposition to hemochromatosis.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of iron iron is 8 mg for men and 18 mg for women (to menopause). After menopause, the need for iron decreases to 8 mg per day. The upper permissible level of iron consumption is 45 mg per day. The use of iron drugs should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. Before taking iron drugs, it is recommended to take a blood test for iron, ferritin and transferrin to determine the individual dose and the type of drug. When taking iron preparations, it is recommended to increase the consumption of fiber to prevent constipation.

Zinc: contraindications and side effects

Zinc is involved in the growth and restoration of tissues, including hair follicles, and plays a role in the work of the sebaceous glands.

Contraindications:

• Individual intolerance: Allergic reaction to zinc drugs.
• Severe kidney diseases: Zinc can accumulate in the body with impaired renal function.
• Reception of some drugs: Zinc can interact with some drugs such as tetracycline antibiotics and chinolons, reducing their effectiveness.

Side effects:

• Dyspepsia: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea. Taking zinc drugs during food can reduce dyspeptic phenomena.
• Reducing copper levels: Long -term intake of high doses of zinc can lead to copper deficiency.
• Violation of the immune function: High doses of zinc can suppress the function of the immune system.
• Metal taste in the mouth.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of zinc for adults is 11 mg for men and 8 mg for women. The upper permissible level of zinc consumption is 40 mg per day. Taking high doses of zinc (more than 40 mg per day) should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. With prolonged use of zinc drugs, it is recommended to take copper additives to prevent its deficiency.

Selenium: Contraindications and side effects

Selenium is an antioxidant that protects the cells from damage to free radicals. It is necessary for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, which also affects the health of the hair.

Contraindications:

• Individual intolerance: An allergic reaction to selenium preparations.
• Selenenos: Excess selenium in the body.

Side effects (selenosis):

• Hair loss: Paradoxically, excess selenium can lead to hair loss.
• Fragility of nails.
• Garlicity smell from the mouth.
• Dyspepsia: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
• Fatigue, irritability.
• Nervous disorders.
• Live defeat.

Recommended dose and safe boundaries:

The recommended daily dose of selenium for adults is 55 μg. The upper permissible level of selenium consumption is 400 mcg per day. Exceeding this dose can lead to selenosis.

General recommendations and precautions

Before you start taking any vitamins or minerals for hair growth, it is important to consider the following general recommendations and precautions:

• Consult a doctor: This is the most important step! The doctor will conduct an examination, determine the causes of hair loss and recommend the necessary vitamins and minerals in the correct dosage.
• Take tests: Blood tests will help to identify nutrient deficiency and exclude contraindications to the use of certain vitamins and minerals.
• Start with food: A balanced diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low -fat meat and fish, can provide the body with the necessary nutrients for hair health.
• Choose quality additives: Buy vitamins and minerals from reliable manufacturers with a good reputation. Pay attention to the certification of products.
• Follow the recommended dosage: Do not exceed the dosage recommended by the doctor or indicated on the package of the drug.
• Follow side effects: When any side effects appear, stop taking the drug and consult a doctor.
• Consider drug interaction: Tell the doctor about all drugs and additives that you take to avoid unwanted interaction.
• Be patient: Hair growth is a slow process. The results from taking vitamins and minerals may not be noticeable immediately, but after a few months.
• Do not self -medicate: Improper intake of vitamins and minerals can not only not improve the condition of the hair, but also harm health.

Vitamins for hair growth during pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy and lactation are special periods in the life of a woman, when the body needs an increased number of vitamins and minerals. However, not all vitamins and minerals are safe for admission during pregnancy and lactation. Before taking any vitamin additives, you need to consult a doctor.

Vitamin A: As mentioned earlier, high doses of vitamin A can cause congenital defects in the fetus. It is strictly not recommended to take high doses of vitamin A during pregnancy. During the period of lactation, caution should also be observed with the use of vitamin A.

B vitamins B: B vitamins, in particular folic acid, are necessary for the normal development of the fetus and health of the mother. The doctor may prescribe folic acid supplements during pregnancy and lactation. However, taking high doses of B vitamins should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.

Vitamin C: Vitamin C is important for the immune system and collagen synthesis. It is considered relatively safe for taking during pregnancy and lactation in recommended doses.

Vitamin D: Vitamin D is necessary for the health of bones and the immune system. The doctor may prescribe vitamin D additives during pregnancy and lactation, especially if a woman has a deficiency of vitamin D.

Iron: During pregnancy, the need for iron increases significantly. The doctor may prescribe iron supplements to prevent iron deficiency anemia. After childbirth, the need for iron decreases.

Zinc: Zinc is important for the immune system and tissue growth. It is considered relatively safe for taking during pregnancy and lactation in recommended doses.

Selenium: Selenium is necessary for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland. It is considered relatively safe for taking during pregnancy and lactation in recommended doses.

It is important to remember that the needs for vitamins and minerals during pregnancy and lactation are individual and must be determined by a doctor. Do not self -medicate and strictly follow the doctor’s recommendations.

Interaction of vitamins and minerals with drugs

Vitamins and minerals can interact with some drugs, changing their effectiveness or enhancing side effects. It is important to inform the doctor about all drugs and additives that you take to avoid unwanted interaction.

Vitamin A: Vitamin A can interact with retinoids (drugs for the treatment of acne), increasing the risk of A. hypervitaminosis

Vitamin K: Vitamin K can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants (warfarin). People taking anticoagulants should maintain stable vitamin K intransigence and regularly monitor blood coagulation.

Vitamin E: Vitamin