Do Not Use Headings or Subheadings. Bades (biologically active additives) and drugs are two different categories of products designed to maintain health and treatment of diseases. However, despite their various goals and regulatory frames, their simultaneous use can lead to complex interactions that can affect the effectiveness of drugs, patient safety and general health. Understanding compatibility and potential interactions between dietary supplements and drugs is critical for medical workers, patients and everyone who is interested in optimizing their health. There are various mechanisms through which dietary supplements can interact with medicines. These mechanisms include pharmacokinetic interactions that affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism and removal of drugs, and pharmacodynamic interactions that affect the effects of drugs on the body. Pharmacokinetic interactions can significantly change the concentration of the drug in the blood plasma, which leads either to a decrease in therapeutic efficiency or to an increase in the risk of side effects. For example, some dietary supplements can affect the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, which play a key role in the metabolism of many drugs. St. John’s wort, widely used as a plant treatment for depression, is a powerful CYP3A4 inducer, an enzyme that metabolizes a wide range of drugs, including contraceptive tablets, antidepressants, anticoagulants and immunosuppressants. CyP3A4 induction can accelerate the metabolism of these drugs, reducing their plasma concentration and potentially leading to therapeutic failure. On the other hand, some dietary supplements can inhibit the activity of CYP enzymes, slowing down the metabolism of drugs and increasing their plasma concentration. For example, grapefruit juice, known for its interactions with drugs, is an inhibitor of CYP3A4. The use of grapefruit juice simultaneously with drugs that are metabolized by CYP3A4 can lead to an increase in plasma drug concentration and an increase in the risk of side effects. In addition, dietary supplements can affect the absorption of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract. Some dietary supplements, such as chitosan, which is used to reduce weight, can bind medicines in the intestines, reducing their absorption and reducing their effectiveness. Other dietary supplements, such as minerals, can form complexes with medicines, also reducing their absorption. For example, iron preparations can form complexes with tetracycline antibiotics, reducing the absorption of both iron and antibiotics. Pharmacodynamic interactions arise when dietary supplements and drugs have synergistic or antagonistic effects on the body. Synergic interactions arise when the combination of dietary supplements and the medicine enhances each other’s effect, while antagonistic interactions arise when the combination of dietary supplement and the medicine reduces the effect of each other. For example, both dietary supplements and drugs with anticoagulant properties, such as warfarin, can increase the risk of bleeding in joint use. Dietary supplements with anticoagulant properties include ginkgo biloba, garlic and ginger. The joint use of these dietary supplements with warfarin can enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. On the other hand, some dietary supplements can antagonize the effects of drugs. For example, vitamin K, which plays an important role in blood coagulation, can counteract the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Patients taking warfarin must be careful when using products rich in vitamin K such as green leafy vegetables to avoid reducing the effectiveness of warfarin. Interactions between dietary supplements and medicines can have serious health consequences. They can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of drugs, an increase in the risk of side effects and the development of new health problems. For example, the interaction between St. John’s wort and contraceptive pills can lead to an unplanned pregnancy. The interaction between warfarin and dietary supplements with anticoagulant properties can lead to serious bleeding. The interaction between grapefruit juice and some drugs from blood pressure can lead to dangerously low blood pressure. It is important to note that not all dietary supplements interact with medicines, and not all interactions are clinically significant. However, given the potential risks, it is important to be careful while using dietary supplements and drugs. To minimize the risk of interactions between dietary supplements and medicines, several precautions must be observed. Firstly, patients should inform their medical workers about all the dietary supplements that they accept, including the dosage and frequency of admission. This will allow medical workers to evaluate potential interactions and make the necessary adjustments to the treatment regimen. Secondly, patients should carefully read the labels of dietary supplements and medicines in order to get information about possible interactions. On the labels of dietary supplements, it can be indicated whether to avoid joint use with certain drugs. Thirdly, patients should avoid the simultaneous administration of dietary supplements and drugs, if this is not recommended by a medical worker. If the simultaneous use of dietary supplements and medicines is necessary, it is recommended to take them at different times of the day to minimize the risk of interaction. Fourth, patients should inform their medical workers about any unusual symptoms or side effects that they experience after the start of dietary supplement or medicine. This can be a sign of interaction between dietary supplements and medicine. Fifthly, medical workers must be aware of potential interactions between dietary supplements and medicines and take them into account when prescribing drugs to patients. They should also question patients about the use of dietary supplements and provide information about possible interactions. Sixth, additional studies are needed to assess the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements and their potential interactions with medicines. This will help medical workers make reasonable decisions on the use of dietary supplements in patients taking medications. There are certain groups of the population that are at risk of interactions between dietary supplements and medicines. These include elderly people, people with chronic diseases, people taking several drugs, and people undergoing surgical procedures. Older people are more susceptible to interactions between dietary supplements and medicines, since they often reduce the function of the liver and kidneys, which can affect metabolism and excretion of drugs. They also take several drugs more often, which increases the risk of interactions. People with chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes and kidney diseases, are also susceptible to increased risk of interactions between dietary supplements and drugs. This is due to the fact that these diseases can affect metabolism and excretion of drugs, as well as increase sensitivity to side effects of drugs. People taking several drugs are also at risk of interactions between dietary supplements and medicines. The more drugs a person takes, the higher the risk that between drugs or between drugs and dietary supplements will interact. People undergoing surgical procedures are also exposed to increased risk of interactions between dietary supplements and medicines. Some dietary supplements, such as ginkgo bilobe, garlic and ginger, can increase the risk of bleeding during and after surgery. Therefore, it is important to stop taking these dietary supplements at least one to two weeks before surgery. In conclusion, interactions between dietary supplements and drugs are a complex and important healthcare problem. Understanding the potential mechanisms of interactions, risk factors and precautions is critical for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy. Patients must inform their medical workers about all the dietary supplements that they take, carefully read the labels of dietary supplements and medicines, avoid the simultaneous administration of dietary supplements and medicines, if this is not recommended by a medical worker, and inform their medical workers about any unusual symptoms or side effects. Medical workers must be aware of potential interactions between dietary supplements and drugs and take them into account when prescribing drugs to patients. Additional studies are needed to assess the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements and their potential interactions with medicines. Only thanks to the joint efforts of patients, medical workers and researchers can the risk of interactions between dietary supplements and drugs and optimize treatment results. Particular attention should be paid to the interaction of dietary supplements affecting blood coagulation with anticoagulants and anti -signs. Such dietary supplements include, as already mentioned, ginkgo bilobe, garlic, ginger, ginseng, fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids) and vitamin E in high doses. The joint use of these dietary supplements with anticoagulants, such as warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban, or with anti -signs such as aspirin and clopidogrel, can significantly increase the risk of bleeding, including serious and even life -threatening. It is necessary to carefully monitor the condition of patients taking such a combination and regularly conduct blood tests to assess coagulation. It is also important to consider the interaction of dietary supplements affecting the level of glucose in the blood with antidiabetic drugs. Such dietary supplements include cinnamon, chrome, ginseng, fencing and bitter melon. The joint use of these dietary supplements with insulin or oral antidiabetic drugs can lead to hypoglycemia (low blood glucose), especially in patients poorly controlling their diabetes. It is necessary to regularly control the level of glucose in the blood and adjust the dose of antidiabetic drugs if necessary. The interaction of dietary supplements affecting blood pressure with antihypertensive drugs is also an important problem. Such dietary supplements include Q10 coenzyme, garlic, hawthorn, potassium and magnesium. The joint use of these dietary supplements with antihypertensive drugs can lead to an excessive decrease in blood pressure (hypotension), especially in patients with existing hypotension or taking several antihypertensive drugs. It is necessary to regularly control blood pressure and adjust the dose of antihypertensive drugs if necessary. We should not forget about the interactions between dietary supplements and anti -cancer drugs. Some dietary supplements, such as antioxidants, can interfere in the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, protecting cancer cells from damage. Other dietary supplements can increase the toxicity of anti -cancer drugs, leading to serious side effects. Patients undergoing cancer treatment should consult with their oncologist before taking any dietary supplements. It is important to consider the interaction of dietary supplements with immunosuppressants. Some dietary supplements, such as echinacea and astral, can stimulate the immune system and counteract the effects of immunosuppressants that are used to prevent organs from preventing organs or to treat autoimmune diseases. This can lead to the rejection of organs or exacerbation of autoimmune diseases. Interactions between dietary supplements and drugs can be complex and unpredictable. It is important that patients and medical workers are aware of potential risks and take appropriate precautions. Patients must inform their medical workers about all the dietary supplements that they accept, and medical workers must carefully evaluate potential interactions before prescribing medicines to patients. One of the important aspects is to ensure the quality of dietary supplements. Unlike drugs, dietary supplements are not subject to the same strict quality control. This means that the quality and purity of dietary supplements can vary depending on the manufacturer. Patients should purchase dietary supplements from reliable manufacturers who adhere to proper production practices. It is also important to note that dietary supplements are not intended for the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of any diseases. They are designed to supplement the diet and maintain health. Patients suffering from any diseases should consult with their doctor before taking any dietary supplements. In conclusion, the interactions between dietary supplements and medicines are a serious problem that requires both patients and medical workers. Understanding potential risks and taking appropriate precautions can help ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy. Patients must inform their medical workers about all the dietary supplements that they accept, and medical workers must carefully evaluate potential interactions before prescribing medicines to patients. Additional studies are needed to assess the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements and their potential interactions with medicines. Particular attention should be paid to dietary supplements containing plant components. Many plant components can interact with drugs by changing their absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion. It is important to know which plant components can interact with drugs and take appropriate precautions. It is necessary to take into account the interaction of dietary supplements containing vitamins and minerals with medicines. High doses of some vitamins and minerals can interact with medicines by changing their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. For example, high doses of vitamin E can increase the risk of bleeding, and high doses of vitamin C can reduce the effectiveness of some anti -cancer drugs. It is important to note that information about interactions between dietary supplements and medicines is constantly developing. Medical workers should be aware of recent studies and recommendations on interactions between dietary supplements and medicines. It is also important that patients are active participants in their treatment. Patients should ask questions to their medical workers about possible interactions between dietary supplements and drugs and report any unusual symptoms or side effects that they experience. In conclusion, interactions between dietary supplements and medicines are a complex problem that requires attention to both patients and medical workers. Understanding potential risks and taking appropriate precautions can help ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy. Patients must inform their medical workers about all the dietary supplements that they accept, and medical workers must carefully evaluate potential interactions before prescribing medicines to patients. Additional studies are needed to assess the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements and their potential interactions with medicines. Particular attention should be paid to the dietary supplements used to treat anxiety and depression. Many dietary supplements used to treat anxiety and depression, such as St. John’s wort, SAME and 5-HTP, can interact with antidepressants and anxiolytics, increasing the risk of side effects, such as serotonin syndrome. It is important to consider the interaction of dietary supplements used to treat insomnia with sleeping pills. Some dietary supplements used to treat insomnia, such as valerian, melatonin and chamomile, can enhance the effects of sleeping pills, leading to excessive drowsiness and dizziness. It is necessary to take into account the interaction of dietary supplements used to treat prostate diseases with drugs used to treat prostate diseases. Some dietary supplements used to treat prostate diseases, such as Palmetto and Piguum, can interact with drugs used to treat prostate diseases, changing their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. It is important to note that the regulation of dietary supplements differs significantly in different countries. In some countries, dietary supplements are subject to strict control, while in other countries the regulation is weaker. Patients should be aware of the regulation of dietary supplements in their country and purchase dietary supplements from reliable manufacturers. Также важно отметить, что информация, представленная в этой статье, не предназначена для замены консультации с квалифицированным медицинским работником. Пациенты должны всегда консультироваться со своим врачом или фармацевтом, прежде чем принимать какие-либо БАДы или лекарства. В заключение, взаимодействия между БАДами и лекарствами представляют собой сложную проблему, требующую внимания как пациентов, так и медицинских работников. Понимание потенциальных рисков и принятие соответствующих мер предосторожности может помочь обеспечить безопасность и эффективность лекарственной терапии. Пациенты должны сообщать своим медицинским работникам обо всех БАДах, которые они принимают, и медицинские работники должны тщательно оценивать потенциальные взаимодействия, прежде чем назначать лекарства пациентам. Необходимы дополнительные исследования для оценки безопасности и эффективности БАДов и их потенциальных взаимодействий с лекарствами.