Vitamins for the heart after heart attack: Detailed guidance

Introduction

A heart attack, or myocardial infarction, is a serious condition requiring immediate medical care. After stabilizing the patient’s condition, the recovery period occurs, an important role in which is played by proper nutrition and taking the necessary vitamins and additives. This rehabilitation period is aimed at minimizing the risk of repeated heart attacks, improving the function of the heart muscle and general strengthening of the body. Vitamins and minerals are not a replacement for drug treatment prescribed by a doctor, but can serve as an important addition that contributes to more effective restoration. It is important to remember that before taking any vitamin complexes, it is necessary to consult with a cardiologist.

The importance of vitamins to restore heart

After myocardial infarction, the heart muscle is damaged, and it requires additional support for restoration and normal functioning. Vitamins and minerals play a key role in various processes necessary for this recovery, including: * Antioxidant Protection: Neutralization of free radicals formed as a result of tissue damage. * Improving energy metabolism: Maintaining normal metabolism in heart cells. * Reduced inflammation: Reducing inflammatory processes that can aggravate damage. * Strengthening the vessels: Increased elasticity and strength of blood vessels. * Maintaining normal heart rhythm: Prevention of arrhythmias. * Normalization of blood pressure: Blood pressure regulation to reduce the load on the heart. * Close -to -level decrease in cholesterol: Prevention of the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Key vitamins and additives after heart attack

Below is a list of vitamins and additives, which are often recommended to restore the heart after a heart attack, with a detailed description of their action, recommended dosages, possible side effects and contraindications.

1. Coenzim Q10 (COQ10)

* Action: COQ10 is a powerful antioxidant that helps protect the heart cells from damage by free radicals. It also plays an important role in the production of energy in cells (ATF), which is especially important for the heart that needs a large amount of energy for normal work. Studies have shown that COQ10 can improve the function of the heart muscle, reduce blood pressure and reduce the risk of repeated heart attacks. In addition, it can help reduce side effects caused by statins, drugs often prescribed after a heart attack to reduce cholesterol. * Recommended dosage: It is usually recommended to take 100-300 mg COQ10 per day, divided into several tricks. However, the dosage may vary depending on individual needs and health status. It is important to consult a doctor to determine the optimal dose. * Side effects: COQ10 is usually well tolerated, but in rare cases, side effects can occur, such as nausea, stomach disorder, loss of appetite, headache and insomnia. * Contraindications: COQ10 can interact with some drugs such as warfarin (anticoagulant). Patients taking warfarin or other drugs affecting blood coagulation should consult a doctor before taking COQ10. Pregnant and lactating women should also avoid taking COQ10, since its safety in these groups has not been established.

2. Omega-3 fatty acids

* Action: Omega-3 fatty acids, such as EPA (eicosapentaenic acid) and DHA (non-oxachenoic acid), are indispensable fatty acids, which have many positive effects on the health of the heart. They help reduce the level of triglycerides in the blood, reduce the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, improve the function of endothelium (inner shell of blood vessels), reduce blood pressure and reduce the risk of arrhythmias. Studies have shown that the regular use of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the risk of repeated heart attacks and sudden heart death. * Recommended dosage: It is usually recommended to take 1-4 grams of omega-3 fatty acids per day, depending on individual needs and health status. It is best to receive omega-3 fatty acids from food, such as fatty fish (salmon, mackerel, sardines), linseed seeds, walnuts and soy oil. If the use of enough omega-3 fatty acids with food is impossible, you can take additives with fish oil. It is important to choose high -quality additives that have passed cleaning of heavy metals and other contaminants. * Side effects: Omega-3 fatty acids are usually well tolerated, but in large doses, side effects can cause side effects, such as stomach disorder, nausea, diarrhea and fish taste in the mouth. In rare cases, bleeding may occur, especially in patients taking anticoagulants. * Contraindications: Patients taking anticoagulants should consult a doctor before taking omega-3 fatty acids, as they can enhance the effect of these drugs and increase the risk of bleeding. People with allergies for fish should avoid eating fish oil.

3. Vitamin D.

* Action: Vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining the health of the heart and blood vessels. It helps regulate blood pressure, reduces the level of inflammation, improves the function of the endothelium and contributes to the normal absorption of calcium, which is important for bone health and preventing arteries. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction. Studies have shown that vitamin D intake can improve the function of the heart and reduce the risk of repeated heart attacks in patients with vitamin D. * deficiency. Recommended dosage: The recommended daily dose of vitamin D is 600-800 IU (international units) for adults. However, patients with vitamin D deficiency may require a higher dose that the doctor should determine on the basis of blood test results. It is important to control the level of vitamin D in the blood and adjust the dosage in accordance with the doctor’s recommendations. * Side effects: Vitamin D is usually well tolerated, but in large doses can cause side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, weakness, constipation, increasing blood calcium and the formation of kidney stones. * Contraindications: People with hypercalcemia (increased blood calcium) or hypervitaminosis D (excess vitamin D) should avoid taking vitamin D. Patients with kidney diseases or sarcoidosis should consult a doctor before taking vitamin D.

4. Magnesium

* Action: Magnesium is an important mineral that plays a key role in maintaining the normal function of the heart. It helps regulate the heart rhythm, reduces blood pressure, improves endothelium function and prevents the formation of blood clots. Magnesium deficiency can lead to the development of arrhythmias, increase blood pressure and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that Magnesium intake can improve the function of the heart and reduce the risk of repeated heart attacks in patients with magnesium deficiency. After a heart attack, magnesium deficiency is often observed, so its replenishment is especially important. * Recommended dosage: The recommended daily dose of magnesium is 400-420 mg for men and 310-320 mg for women. It is best to get magnesium from food, such as green leafy vegetables, nuts, seeds, whole grain products and legumes. If the use of enough magnesium with food is impossible, you can take additives with magnesium. It is important to choose additives that are easily absorbed, such as magnesium citrate, magnesium glycine or magnesium taurat. * Side effects: Magnesium is usually well tolerated, but in large doses can cause side effects, such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and stomach disorder. * Contraindications: People with kidney diseases should consult a doctor before taking magnesium, since they may have violated the ability to remove magnesium from the body. Patients with bradycardia (slowed by heart rhythm) should avoid Magnesium, as it can slow down the heart rhythm even more.

5. Potassium

* Action: Potassium is another important mineral that plays a key role in maintaining the normal function of the heart. It helps to regulate blood pressure, maintains normal heart rhythm and promotes normal muscle operation, including the heart muscle. Potassium deficiency can lead to the development of arrhythmias, increase blood pressure and muscle weakness. After a heart attack, it is important to maintain a sufficient level of potassium in order to prevent the development of complications. * Recommended dosage: The recommended daily potassium dose is 3500-4700 mg. It is best to get potassium from food, such as bananas, oranges, potatoes, spinach, tomatoes and beans. In some cases, the doctor may recommend taking additives with potassium, especially if the patient develops hypokalemia (low blood potassium in the blood) due to the use of diuretics (diuretics). * Side effects: Potassium is usually well tolerated, but in large doses it can cause side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and stomach disorder. In rare cases, hyperkalemia (high blood potassium in the blood) may occur, which can be dangerous for people with kidney diseases or heart failure. * Contraindications: People with kidney diseases should consult a doctor before taking potassium, since they can have a violation of the ability to remove potassium from the body. Patients taking potassium -saving diuretics should avoid taking additives with potassium, as this can lead to hyperkalemia.

6. Vitamin E

* Action: Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that helps protect the heart cells from damage by free radicals. It can also help improve the function of the endothelium and reduce the risk of blood clots. However, the results of studies on the effect of vitamin E on the health of the heart are contradictory. Some studies have shown that the intake of vitamin E can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, while other studies have not revealed a significant effect. * Recommended dosage: The recommended daily dose of vitamin E is 15 mg. It is best to get vitamin E from food, such as vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, green leafy vegetables and avocados. If the use of a sufficient amount of vitamin E is impossible, you can take additives with vitamin E. * Side effects: Vitamin E is usually well tolerated, but in large doses can cause side effects, such as stomach disorder, nausea, diarrhea and headache. In rare cases, bleeding may occur, especially in patients taking anticoagulants. * Contraindications: Patients taking anticoagulants should consult a doctor before taking vitamin E, since he can enhance the effect of these drugs and increase the risk of bleeding.

7. Vitamin C.

* Action: Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that helps protect the heart cells from damage by free radicals. It is also necessary for the synthesis of collagen, which is an important component of blood vessels. Studies have shown that vitamin C intake can improve endothelium function and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. * Recommended dosage: The recommended daily dose of vitamin C is 75 mg for women and 90 mg for men. It is best to get vitamin C from food, such as citrus fruits, berries, pepper, broccoli and spinach. If the use of a sufficient amount of vitamin C with food is impossible, you can take additives with vitamin C. * Side effects: Vitamin C is usually well tolerated, but in large doses can cause side effects, such as stomach disorder, nausea, diarrhea and kidney stones. * Contraindications: People with kidney diseases should consult a doctor before taking high doses of vitamin C, as this can increase the risk of kidney stones.

8. Selenium

* Action: Selenium is an important mineral with antioxidant properties that helps protect the cells from damage to free radicals. It also plays a role in the functioning of the thyroid gland and the immune system. Selenium deficiency is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. * Recommended dosage: The recommended daily dose of selenium is 55 μg. It is best to get selenium from food, such as seafood, Brazilian nuts, meat, poultry and whole grain products. If the use of enough selenium with food is impossible, you can take additives with selenium. * Side effects: Selenium is usually well tolerated, but in large doses it can cause side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss and fragility of nails. * Contraindications: It should be avoided by taking high doses of selenium, as this can lead to selenosis (poisoning by selenium).

9. L-arginin

* Action: L-Arginine is an amino acid that plays an important role in the production of nitrogen oxide (NO), substances that helps expand blood vessels and improve blood flow. Studies have shown that the intake of L-arginine can improve the function of the endothelium, reduce blood pressure and improve the tolerance of physical activity in patients with cardiovascular diseases. * Recommended dosage: It is usually recommended to take 3-6 grams of L-Arginine per day, divided into several tricks. * Side effects: L-Arginine is usually well tolerated, but in large doses it can cause side effects, such as stomach disorder, nausea, diarrhea and headache. * Contraindications: L-Arginine can interact with some drugs such as nitrates (drugs used to treat angina pectoris). Patients taking nitrates or other drugs affecting blood vessels should consult a doctor before taking L-Arginine.

10. Garlic

* Action: Garlic contains allicin, a substance that has antioxidant, anti -inflammatory and antitrobotic properties. Studies have shown that taking garlic can reduce blood pressure, improve cholesterol and reduce the risk of blood clots. * Recommended dosage: It is recommended to use 1-2 cloves of garlic per day. You can eat fresh garlic, add it to food or take additives with garlic. * Side effects: Garlic is usually well tolerated, but can cause side effects, such as unpleasant odor from the mouth, heartburn and disorder of the stomach. * Contraindications: Patients taking anticoagulants should consult a doctor before using large amounts of garlic, since he can enhance the effect of these drugs and increase the risk of bleeding.

Important aspects when choosing vitamins and additives

When choosing vitamins and additives for heart restoration after a heart attack, the following important aspects should be taken into account: * Product quality: Choose products from well -known and trusted manufacturers that guarantee the quality and cleanliness of their products. Pay attention to the availability of quality certificates and laboratory tests. * Dosage: Follow the recommended dosages indicated on the packaging or prescribed by the doctor. Do not exceed the recommended dose, as this can lead to side effects. * Interaction with drugs: Consult a doctor about possible interactions between vitamins and additives and medicines that you take. Some vitamins and additives can enhance or weaken the effect of drugs, which can be dangerous to health. * Individual needs: Consider your individual needs and health status. Not all patients after a heart attack need the same vitamins and additives. The doctor will help you determine what vitamins and additives you need based on the results of the tests and your general condition. * Consultation with a doctor: Before taking any vitamins and additives, be sure to consult a doctor. The doctor will help you choose the right products, determine the optimal dosage and avoid possible side effects and drug interactions.

Diet for a healthy heart after a heart attack

In addition to taking vitamins and additives, proper nutrition plays an important role in the restoration of the heart after a heart attack. A diet for a healthy heart should be balanced and include the following components: * Vegetables and fruits: Eat a lot of vegetables and fruits, as they are rich in vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and fiber. Try to use a variety of vegetables and fruits of different colors to get all the necessary nutrients. * Whole grain products: Choose whole grain products, such as oatmeal, brown rice, whole grain bread and pasta. They are rich in fiber, which helps reduce cholesterol and improve digestion. * Low -fat proteins: Use low -fat sources of protein, such as fish, a bird without skin, legumes and tofu. Avoid fatty meat, such as pork and beef, since it contains a lot of saturated fats that can increase cholesterol. * Useful fats: Use useful fats such as omega-3 fatty acids (contained in fatty fish, linen seeds and walnuts), mono-saturated fats (contained in olive oil, avocados and nuts) and polyunsaturated fats (contained in vegetable oils). Avoid saturated fats (contained in fatty meat, butter and cheese) and trans fats (contained in fried food and baking), as they can increase cholesterol. * Salt restriction: Limit salt consumption, as it can increase blood pressure. Avoid adding salt to food and choosing low salt products. * Sugar restriction: Limit sugar consumption, as it can increase the level of triglycerides and increase the risk of diabetes. Avoid sweet drinks, sweets, pastries and other products with a high sugar content. * Alcohol restriction: Limit alcohol consumption, as it can increase blood pressure and increase the risk of arrhythmias. It is recommended to drink no more than one alcoholic drink per day for women and no more than two alcoholic beverages per day for men.

Lifestyle for a healthy heart after heart attack

In addition to proper nutrition and taking vitamins and additives, a healthy lifestyle plays an important role in the restoration of the heart after a heart attack. The following recommendations will help you maintain heart health and reduce the risk of repeated heart attacks: * Regular physical exercises: Do regular physical exercises, such as walking, swimming, cycling or dancing. It is recommended to engage in physical exercises of moderate intensity of at least 150 minutes a week or physical exercises of high intensity of at least 75 minutes a week. Before starting physical exercises, consult a doctor. * Quit smoking: Quit smoking if you smoke. Smoking is one of the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. * Control stress: Manage stress using relaxation techniques, such as yoga, meditation or deep breathing. Chronic stress can increase blood pressure and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. * Conduct medical examinations regularly: Regularly visit a doctor to undergo medical examinations and control blood pressure, cholesterol and other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. * Observe sleep mode: Try to sleep at least 7-8 hours a day. The lack of sleep can increase blood pressure and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusion

Restoration after myocardial infarction is a complex and long process that requires an integrated approach. Proper nutrition, taking the necessary vitamins and additives, a healthy lifestyle and regular medical examinations play a key role in restoring the function of the heart, reducing the risk of repeated heart attacks and improving the general state of health. It is important to remember that before taking any vitamins and additives, you need to consult with a cardiologist in order to avoid possible side effects and interactions with drugs. Compliance with the doctor’s recommendations, a healthy lifestyle and a positive attitude will help you return to a full life after a heart attack.