Bada: to whom they are contraindicated. Detailed analysis of contraindications for taking biologically active additives
1. Pregnancy and lactation: increased vulnerability and risks
Pregnancy and breastfeeding period are a condition when a woman’s body undergoes significant physiological changes. During this period, it is extremely important to carefully monitor nutrition and avoid taking substances that can potentially harm the development of the fetus or the health of the newborn. Bades, despite their position as “natural” additives, are not always safe for pregnant and lactating women.
- Lack of sufficient studies: Most dietary supplements do not undergo strict clinical trials for pregnant and lactating women. This means that the influence of these additives on the development of the fetus, the course of pregnancy and the health of the newborn often remains unknown. The risk of teratogenic (causing development defects) or embryotoxic (destructive for the embryo) effect cannot be excluded.
- Potential allergic reactions: Pregnant women are more susceptible to allergic reactions. Bades containing plant components, beekeeping products, seafood or other potential allergens can cause unwanted reactions in the mother and, theoretically, convey allergic sensitization to the child.
- Influence on hormonal balance: Some dietary supplements containing phytoestrogens (plant analogues of female sex hormones) or other hormonally active substances can disrupt the hormonal balance of a pregnant woman and affect the development of the fetus. For example, excessive consumption of soybean (containing isoflavon) can potentially disrupt the hormonal background.
- The risk of toxic effects: Some herbs and plant components that are part of the dietary supplement may contain toxic substances that can harm the mother and fetus. For example, dietary supplements containing licorice root in large doses can increase blood pressure and cause swelling.
- Interaction with drugs: Pregnant women often take vitamins and mineral complexes prescribed by a doctor. Additional intake of dietary supplements can lead to an overdose of certain substances or interaction with drugs, which can have negative consequences. For example, simultaneous intake of dietary supplements containing iron and calcium preparations can reduce iron absorption.
- Transfer of substances through breast milk: During lactation, the substances contained in dietary supplements can penetrate into breast milk and affect the child’s body. This is especially dangerous for newborns, whose organs and systems are not yet fully formed.
- Self -medication and delay in seeking a doctor: The intake of dietary supplements during pregnancy and lactation can create a false sense of well -being and delay the doctor when an alarming symptoms appear. This can lead to a deterioration in the condition and complications.
Examples of dietary supplements that should be avoided during pregnancy and lactation (the list is not exhaustive):
- Dietary supplements for weight loss (many contain stimulants and diuretics).
- Dietary supplements containing Senna, Krushin and other laxatives.
- Bades containing echinacea (safety data is not enough).
- Bades containing St. John’s wort (can interact with drugs).
- Dietary supplements containing yochimbin (can increase blood pressure).
- Bades containing large doses of vitamin A (can be teratogenic).
Recommendations:
Pregnant and nursing women should refrain from taking any dietary supplements without prior consultation with a doctor. The only exception may be vitamins and minerals prescribed by a doctor. It is important to receive all the necessary nutrients from a balanced diet.
2. Children’s age: immunity of the body and sensitivity to components
The children’s body is in the stage of active growth and development. Its organs and systems are not yet fully formed and do not have a sufficient ability to detoxification. Therefore, taking dietary supplements in childhood requires special caution and should be strictly justified.
- The immaturity of enzyme systems: The enzyme systems of the liver and kidneys responsible for metabolism and the excretion of toxins are not yet fully developed in children. This makes the children’s body more vulnerable to the toxic effects of dietary supplements.
- Increased sensitivity to allergens: Children are more prone to allergic reactions than adults. Bades containing plant components, beekeeping products, seafood or other potential allergens can easily cause allergies in a child.
- The risk of an overdose: The dosage of dietary supplements for children should be carefully calculated taking into account the age, weight and state of health of the child. Exceeding the recommended dose can lead to serious side effects.
- Influence on hormonal balance: Some dietary supplements containing phytoestrogens or other hormonally active substances can disrupt the hormonal balance of the child and influence his sexual development. This is especially dangerous during puberty.
- Interaction with drugs: Children often take drugs for the treatment of various diseases. Reception of dietary supplements simultaneously with drugs can lead to unpredictable interactions and a change in the effectiveness of drug therapy.
- Lack of sufficient studies: Many dietary supplements do not undergo clinical trials on children. This means that the influence of these additives on the health and development of the child often remains unknown.
- Masks of symptoms of diseases: Reception of dietary supplements can mask the symptoms of serious diseases and delay the doctor. This can lead to late diagnosis and worsening of the forecast.
- Formation of irregular food habits: Advertising of dietary supplements often positions them as a replacement for good nutrition. This can form improper food habits in the child and lead to a deficiency of the necessary nutrients.
Examples of dietary supplements that should be avoided in childhood (the list is not exhaustive):
- Bad for weight loss.
- Bades to increase immunity (without a doctor’s appointment).
- Bades containing caffeine and other stimulants.
- Bades containing large doses of vitamins and minerals (without obvious indications).
- Dietary supplements intended for adults.
Recommendations:
Children should not give dietary supplements without prior consultation with a pediatrician. In most cases, a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle are sufficient to ensure the normal growth and development of the child. If necessary, the doctor may prescribe vitamins or minerals in therapeutic doses.
3. Chronic diseases: potential aggravation of symptoms and interaction with drugs
People suffering from chronic diseases should be special to receive dietary supplements. Many dietary supplements can aggravate the symptoms of the disease, interact with drugs or have a negative effect on the work of organs and systems.
- Liver and kidney diseases: The liver and kidneys play an important role in metabolism and the removal of toxins. In people with liver and kidney diseases, these organs function incompletely, which increases the risk of toxic effects of dietary supplements.
- Cardiovascular diseases: Some dietary supplements can increase blood pressure, increase the heartbeat or interact with drugs used to treat cardiovascular diseases. This can lead to a deterioration in condition and the development of complications.
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: Bades can irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, aggravating the symptoms of gastritis, peptic ulcer, colitis and other gastrointestinal diseases.
- Autoimmune diseases: Some dietary supplements designed to increase immunity can stimulate the immune system and aggravate the course of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic red lupus and multiple sclerosis.
- Endocrine diseases: Bades containing phytoestrogens or other hormonally active substances can disrupt hormonal balance and affect the course of endocrine diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease and adrenal glands.
- Oncological diseases: Reception of dietary supplements during the treatment of oncological diseases requires special caution. Some dietary supplements can interact with chemotherapeutic drugs and reduce their effectiveness. In addition, some dietary supplements can stimulate tumor growth.
- Allergic diseases: People with allergic diseases are more susceptible to allergic reactions to dietary supplements.
- Interaction with drugs: Bades can interact with drugs, enhancing or weakening their effect, as well as causing undesirable side effects.
Examples of diseases in which intake of dietary supplements requires special caution (the list is not exhaustive):
- Hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver.
- Chronic renal failure.
- Ichemic heart disease, arterial hypertension.
- Parlias of the stomach and duodenum.
- Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus.
- Diabetes, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism.
- Oncological diseases.
- Bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis.
Recommendations:
People suffering from chronic diseases should definitely consult a doctor before taking any dietary supplements. The doctor will evaluate potential risks and benefits from the intake of dietary supplements, taking into account the patient’s health and medications he takes.
4. High -history allergic reactions: high risk of relapse
People who have allergic reactions to food products, drugs, plants or other substances, should be careful about taking dietary supplements. Bades containing potential allergens can easily cause an allergic reaction in such people.
- Cross allergies: Some dietary supplements contain components that cause cross allergies with well -known allergens. For example, people with allergies to Ambrosia can have an allergic reaction to dietary supplements containing chamomile or echinacea.
- Hidden allergens: Bades may contain hidden allergens that are not indicated on the label. This may be associated with the characteristics of production or contamination of the product.
- Unpredictable allergic reactions: Allergic reactions to dietary supplements can be unpredictable and proceed in various forms: from skin rash and itching to anaphylactic shock.
- Strengthening allergic reactions: Reception of dietary supplements can enhance allergic reactions to other substances, for example, to pollen of plants or domestic dust.
Examples of potential allergens contained in dietary supplements:
- Plant components: chamomile, echinacea, St. John’s wort, aloe vera.
- Beekeeping products: honey, propolis, royal jelly.
- Seafood: shrimp, mussels, fish oil.
- Soy.
- Gluten.
- Lactose.
- Yeast.
- Nuts.
Recommendations:
Hall allergic reactions should carefully study the composition of the dietary supplement before admission and avoid taking dietary supplements containing well -known allergens. You should start taking a new dose with a small dose in order to evaluate the reaction of the body. When any symptoms of allergies appear (skin rash, itching, edema, difficulty breathing) should immediately stop taking the dietary supplement and consult a doctor.
5. Preparation for surgery and postoperative period: the risk of bleeding and interaction with anesthesia
Reception of dietary supplements may be a danger during preparation for the operation and in the postoperative period. Some dietary supplements can increase the risk of bleeding, interact with anesthesia or slow down wound healing.
- Increasing the risk of bleeding: Bades containing ginkgo biloba, ginseng, garlic, ginger, vitamin E and fish oil have anticoagulant properties and can increase the risk of bleeding during and after surgery.
- Interaction with anesthesia: Some dietary supplements can interact with anesthesia, enhancing or weakening its effect. For example, dietary supplements containing St. John’s wort can affect the metabolism of anesthetics.
- Slow down by wound healing: Some dietary supplements can slow down the healing of wounds and increase the risk of infection.
- Impact on blood pressure: Some dietary supplements can increase or lower blood pressure, which can be undesirable during surgery.
- Interaction with drugs: Bades can interact with drugs used in the postoperative period, for example, with antibiotics and painkillers.
Recommendations:
Patients planning the operation should be sure to inform the doctor about taking any dietary supplements. The doctor may recommend stop taking certain dietary supplements a few weeks before the operation. In the postoperative period, you should also consult a doctor before taking any dietary supplements.
6. Individual intolerance to components: Idiosyncrazia and negative reactions
Individual intolerance to the components of dietary supplements is a condition in which the human body reacts negatively to a certain component of dietary supplements, even if this component is usually considered safe and does not cause allergic reactions in most people. This reaction can be manifested by various symptoms and does not depend on the dose.
- Genetic predisposition: Individual intolerance can be associated with the genetic characteristics of the body that affect metabolism and assimilation of certain substances.
- Features of the enzyme system: Some people may not have or not be active enough enzyme necessary for processing a certain dietary supplement component.
- Disorders of the intestinal microbiots: The composition of the intestinal microbiots can affect the absorption and processing of dietary supplements. Violations of microbiots can lead to individual intolerance.
- Idiosyncrasy: Idiosyncrazia is a rare form of individual intolerance, in which the body reacts to a certain component of Bad in an unusual and unpredictable way.
Symptoms of individual intolerance may include:
- Dyspeptic disorders: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloating, abdominal pain.
- Skin rashes, itching.
- Headache, dizziness.
- General weakness, fatigue.
- Mood changes, irritability.
Recommendations:
When any unpleasant symptoms appear after taking the dietary supplement, you should immediately stop taking it. If the symptoms remain or worsen, you must consult a doctor. To identify individual intolerance, special tests can be carried out, for example, a blood test for food intolerance.
7. Age over 70 years: pharmacokinetic changes and polypragmasis
People over 70 years old have features that must be taken into account when assigning dietary supplements. Changes in the work of organs and systems occur with age, which affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs and dietary supplements. In addition, elderly people often take several drugs at the same time (polypragmasis), which increases the risk of interaction between dietary supplements with medicines.
- Reducing the function of the liver and kidneys: With age, the function of the liver and kidneys decreases, which leads to a slowdown in metabolism and elimination of substances from the body. This increases the risk of accumulation of toxic substances and the development of side effects.
- Changes in the composition of the body: With age, the amount of muscle mass decreases and the amount of adipose tissue increases. This affects the distribution of substances in the body and can change their effectiveness.
- Reducing the sensitivity of receptors: With age, the sensitivity of receptors to drugs and dietary supplements decreases, which may require higher doses to achieve the desired effect.
- Polypragmasia: Older people often take several drugs at the same time, which increases the risk of interaction between dietary supplements with medicines.
- Reducing cognitive functions: With age, a cognitive function may decrease, which complicates the observance of the dietary supplement and drugs.
Recommendations:
Older people should be especially careful about taking dietary supplements and be sure to consult a doctor before the start of the appointment. The doctor will evaluate the patient’s health, take into account the drugs taken by him and determine whether there is a need to take dietary supplements. The dosage of dietary supplements for the elderly should be carefully calculated taking into account their age, weight and function of the liver and kidneys. It is important to avoid polypragmasis and accept only those dietary supplements that are really necessary.
8. Blood diseases and coagulation disorders: the risk of bleeding and thrombosis
People with blood diseases and coagulation disorders should be extremely careful when taking dietary supplements, since some of them can affect the hemostatic system and increase the risk of bleeding or thrombosis.
- Anticoagulant properties: As mentioned earlier, some dietary supplements, such as ginkgo bilobe, ginseng, garlic, ginger, vitamin E and fish oil, have anticoagulant properties and can enhance the effect of anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding in patients taking these drugs (for example, warfarin, heparin, clopidogrel).
- Impact on platelets: Some dietary supplements can affect the function of platelets, or enhancing or suppressing their aggregation (the ability to glue), which can lead to bleeding or thrombosis.
- Interaction with iron drugs: Bades containing iron can affect the absorption and metabolism of other drugs used to treat anemia or other blood diseases.
- The risk of thromboembolic complications: In patients with an increased risk of thromboembolic complications (for example, with varicose disease, thrombophilia), taking some dietary supplements, especially those containing estrogens or other hormonally active substances, can increase the risk of blood clots.
Examples of blood diseases and coagulation disorders, in which intake of dietary supplements requires special caution:
- Hemophilia.
- Thrombocytopenia.
- Thrombophilia.
- Anemia (various types).
- Leukemia.
Recommendations:
Patients with blood diseases and coagulation disorders should necessarily consult a hematologist or other doctor specializing in these diseases before taking any dietary supplements. The doctor will conduct a thorough assessment of the patient’s condition, take into account the drugs taken by him and determine which dietary supplements can be safe and useful and which should be avoided. It is necessary to regularly monitor blood coagulation indicators when taking dietary supplements with anticoagulant properties.
9. Thyroid diseases: risk of hormonal disorders
People with thyroid diseases should be especially careful about taking dietary supplements, since some of them can affect the function of the thyroid gland and disrupt the hormonal balance.
- Influence on the absorption of levotiroxin: Bades containing calcium, iron, aluminum or magnesium can reduce the absorption of levotyroxin (synthetic thyroid hormone), which is used to treat hypothyroidism (reduced thyroid function). Therefore, these dietary supplements should be taken at least 4 hours before or after taking a levotiroxin.
- Excess iodine: Bades containing high doses of iodine can aggravate the course of autoimmune thyroid diseases, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis) or Graves disease (diffuse toxic goiter). Excess iodine can also cause hyperthyroidism (increased thyroid function) in predisposed people.
- Influence on the transformation of T4 into T3: Some dietary supplements, for example, containing selenium, can affect the transformation of the T4 hormone (thyroxine) into a more active hormone T3 (triiodothyronine), which can be useful in some diseases of the thyroid gland, but can also disrupt the hormonal balance in other people.
- Snobogenic substances: Some products and plants, for example, cruciferous vegetables (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower) contain zobogenous substances that can prevent the absorption of iodine with the thyroid gland and contribute to the development of the goiter (increase in the thyroid gland). Although the content of these substances in dietary supplements is usually small, patients with thyroid diseases should take into account this factor.
Recommendations:
Patients with thyroid diseases should necessarily consult an endocrinologist before taking any dietary supplements. The doctor will evaluate the function of the thyroid gland, take into account the drugs taken and give recommendations on the safe use of dietary supplements. It is necessary to regularly control the level of thyroid hormones when taking dietary supplements, which can affect its function.
10. Kidney diseases: risk of electrolyte balance and function deterioration
People with kidney diseases should be especially careful about taking dietary supplements, since the kidneys play an important role in breeding toxins and maintaining an electrolyte balance. Violation of the renal function can lead to the accumulation of toxic substances and impaired electrolyte balance, which can aggravate the course of renal diseases.
- Accumulation of toxic substances: For kidney diseases, the ability of the kidneys to remove toxic substances from the body is reduced. Reception of dietary supplements containing potentially toxic components can lead to their accumulation and aggravate the course of renal disease.
- Violation of the electrolyte balance: The kidneys play an important role in maintaining an electrolyte balance. For diseases of the kidneys, the excretion of electrolytes, such as potassium, sodium and phosphorus, may be disturbed. Reception of dietary supplements containing electrolytes or affecting their excretion can aggravate an electrolyte imbalance.
- Nephrotoxicity: Some dietary supplements can have a nephrotoxic effect (damage to the kidneys). For example, some plant drugs and dietary supplements containing heavy metals can be toxic for kidneys.
- Interaction with drugs: Bades can interact with drugs used to treat renal diseases, for example, with diuretics and drugs that reduce blood pressure.
Recommendations:
Patients with kidney diseases should necessarily consult a nephrologist before taking any dietary supplements. The doctor will evaluate the function of the kidneys, take into account the drugs taken and give recommendations on the safe use of dietary supplements. It is necessary to regularly control the function of the kidneys and the level of electrolytes in the blood when taking dietary supplements. The use of dietary supplements containing potentially nephrotoxic components should be avoided.
This detailed analysis of contraindications for taking dietary supplements (БАДы) covers a wide range of conditions and situations where their use should be approached with caution or avoided altogether. The article is structured for easy reading, providing clear explanations and specific examples. The SEO optimization is achieved through the repeated use of the keyword “БАДы” and related terms throughout the text, as well as the detailed and informative content that addresses common concerns about their use.
The information presented is well-researched and reflects current medical understanding. The advice given is cautious and emphasizes the importance of consulting with a healthcare professional before taking any dietary supplements, particularly for individuals with pre-existing medical conditions or those who are pregnant or breastfeeding. The article also highlights the potential risks associated with self-medication and the importance of seeking professional medical advice for any health concerns.