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Vitamins for children: contraindications and side effects
I. The importance of vitamins for children’s health
Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for the normal growth, development and functioning of the child’s body. They participate in numerous biochemical processes, support the immune system, contribute to the absorption of nutrients and provide energy. The lack of vitamins can lead to various health disorders, retention and development, reducing immunity and chronic diseases.
II. Classification of vitamins and their role
Vitamins are divided into two main groups: fat -soluble (A, D, E, K) and water -soluble (vitamins of group B and vitamin C).
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Fat -soluble vitamins:
- Vitamin A (Retinol): It is necessary for vision, bone growth, immune function and skin health. Participates in the formation of rhodopsin, visual pigment responsible for night vision. Supports the integrity of epithelial tissues, protecting the body from infections.
- Vitamin D (calciferol): He plays a key role in mastering calcium and phosphorus, which is necessary for the formation and maintenance of bones and teeth health. Participates in the regulation of the immune system and cell growth. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to rickets in children.
- Vitamin E (tocopherol): It is a powerful antioxidant that protects the cells from damage to free radicals. Supports skin and hair health, strengthens the immune system and contributes to the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system.
- Vitamin K (Phillokhinon): It is necessary for normal blood coagulation. Participates in the synthesis of blood coagulation factors in the liver. Vitamin K deficiency can lead to bleeding.
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Water -soluble vitamins:
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Vitamin C (ascorbic acid): It is important for the immune function, collagen synthesis (protein necessary for the health of the skin, bones and connective tissue), as well as the absorption of iron. It is an antioxidant and protects the cells from damage.
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B vitamins B:
- Vitamin B1 (TIAMIN): Participates in carbohydrate metabolism and provides energy to the nervous system and muscles.
- Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): It is necessary for energy metabolism, cell growth and skin health.
- Vitamin B3 (Niacin): Participates in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins, as well as in maintaining the health of the nervous system and skin.
- Vitamin B5 (pantotenic acid): Participates in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, as well as in the synthesis of hormones.
- Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxin): Amino acids, the synthesis of neurotransmitters and the formation of red blood cells are necessary for the metabolism.
- Vitamin B7 (Biotin): Participates in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, as well as in maintaining the health of the skin, hair and nails.
- Vitamin B9 (folic acid): It is necessary for the growth and division of cells, as well as for the formation of red blood cells. It is especially important during pregnancy to prevent defects in the nervous tube in the fetus.
- Vitamin B12 (cobalamin): It is necessary for the formation of red blood cells and maintaining the health of the nervous system.
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III. Indications for taking vitamins
Reception of vitamins is necessary in the following cases:
- Unstable nutrition: If the child does not receive a sufficient amount of vitamins with food due to a limited diet, food allergies or other factors.
- Nedness: Premature children often have a deficiency of vitamins and need additional admission.
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: Some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract can violate the absorption of vitamins.
- Chronic diseases: Some chronic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis or celiac disease, can lead to a deficiency of vitamins.
- Taking drugs: Some drugs can affect the absorption or metabolism of vitamins.
- Active growth and development: During periods of intensive growth and development, the need for vitamins increases.
- Accommodation in regions with a lack of sunlight: In regions with a low level of sunlight, children may need an additional technique of vitamin D.
- Vegetarianism or veganism: Children who adhere to a vegetarian or vegan diet may experience a shortage of some vitamins, especially vitamin B12.
IV. Contraindications to the reception of vitamins
Despite the benefits of vitamins, there are contraindications to their reception:
- Individual intolerance or allergies: Allergic reactions to individual vitamins or components of vitamin preparations.
- Hypervitaminosis: Excessive intake of vitamins into the body, especially fat -soluble (a, d, e, k).
- Some kidney diseases: In some diseases of the kidneys, taking vitamins can be contraindicated or demanded by special caution.
- Hypercalcemia: An increased level of calcium in the blood, at which the intake of vitamin D is contraindicated.
- Diabetes sugar: With diabetes, it is necessary to control the blood sugar level when taking vitamin preparations containing sugar.
- Some oncological diseases: In some cases, taking certain vitamins can be contraindicated in oncological diseases.
V. Side effects of vitamins
Reception of vitamins can be accompanied by side effects, especially when the recommended doses are exceeded or in the presence of individual intolerance:
- Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain.
- Allergic reactions: Skin rash, itching, urticaria, Quincke edema, anaphylactic shock (in rare cases).
- Headache, dizziness: They can occur when taking some vitamins, especially in high doses.
- Urine color changes: Some vitamins, especially group B vitamins, can color urine in bright yellow.
- Insomnia: Reception of vitamins, especially vitamin B12, can cause insomnia in the evening.
- Hypervitaminosis A: Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, fatigue, irritability, dry skin, hair loss, bone pain. In severe cases, the liver can lead to damage.
- Hypervitaminosis D: Symptoms: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation, weakness, increased thirst, frequent urination, bone pain, soft tissue calcification, renal failure.
- Hypervitaminosis is: Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, blood coagulation.
- Hypervitaminosis to: Symptoms: rarely found, but can lead to hemolytic anemia in newborns.
- Overdose of vitamin C: Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, kidney stones.
- Overdose of group B vitamins: Symptoms: rarely found, but can include skin reactions, nervous disorders and liver problems.
VI. Interaction of vitamins with drugs
Vitamins can interact with some drugs, changing their effectiveness or causing side effects. It is important to inform the doctor about all the vitamins taken before prescribing drugs.
- Vitamin K: It can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants (drugs that thin blood), such as warfarin.
- Vitamin E: It can enhance the effect of anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding.
- Vitamin C: It can enhance the absorption of iron, which can be useful for iron deficiency anemia, but can be dangerous with hemochromatosis (excessive accumulation of iron in the body).
- Vitamin D: It can interact with some diuretics (diuretics), increasing the level of calcium in the blood.
- Folic acid: It can reduce the effectiveness of some anticonvulsants.
- Vitamin B6: It can reduce the effectiveness of levodopa, the drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease.
VII. Vitamins release forms for children
Vitamins for children are produced in various forms:
- Drops: Convenient for receiving babies and young children.
- Chewing tablets: Attractive for children with their taste and shape.
- Syrups: Easily dosed and accepted by children.
- Pasters: They look like sweets and like children.
- Powders: You can add to food or drinks.
VIII. Dosage of vitamins for children
The dosage of vitamins for children depends on age, weight, state of health and individual needs of the child. It is important to strictly follow the doctor’s recommendations or instructions for the use of a vitamin drug. Do not exceed the recommended doses to avoid side effects and hypervitaminosis. Recommended daily doses of vitamins can vary depending on the country and organization (for example, WHO, National Health Institutes).
IX. The choice of vitamin preparation
When choosing a vitamin preparation for a child, the following factors should be taken into account:
- Child’s age: Choose drugs designed specifically for children of a certain age.
- The composition of the drug: Pay attention to the content of vitamins and minerals in the drug.
- Output form: Choose a form that will be convenient for a child to receive.
- Manufacturer: Give preference to proven and reliable manufacturers.
- The presence of allergies: Make sure that the drug does not contain components that a child may have an allergy.
- Doct’s recommendations: Consult a doctor before taking vitamin preparations.
X. Vitamin deficiency tests
You can determine the deficiency of vitamins using blood laboratory tests. The most common tests:
- Analysis for vitamin D: Determines the level of vitamin D in the blood.
- Vitamin B12 Analysis: Determines the level of vitamin B12 in the blood.
- Analysis on folic acid: Determines the level of folic acid in the blood.
- General blood test: It can identify signs of anemia associated with a deficiency of vitamins.
XI. Prevention of vitamin deficiency
Prevention of vitamin deficiency includes:
- Balanced nutrition: Provide the child with a diverse diet rich in fruits, vegetables, cereals, dairy products and meat.
- Sufficient stay in the sun: Provide the child with a sufficient stay in the sun for the synthesis of vitamin D.
- Taking vitamin preparations as prescribed by a doctor: If necessary, take vitamin preparations as prescribed by a doctor, especially during periods of intensive growth and development, for diseases or an unbalanced diet.
- Regular medical examinations: Pass regular medical examinations for the timely detection and correction of vitamin deficiency.
XII. Alternative sources of vitamins
In addition to vitamin preparations, there are alternative sources of vitamins:
- Enriched products: Some products, such as milk, yogurt, cereals and juices, are enriched with vitamins.
- Biologically active additives (dietary supplements): Bades contain vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. However, before taking dietary supplements, it is necessary to consult a doctor, since they are not drugs and are not subject to strict check.
XIII. The role of vitamins in various age periods
The need for vitamins changes depending on the age of the child.
- Infants (0-1 year): Vitamin D (for the prevention of rickets) and vitamin K (for blood coagulation) are especially important. Breast milk is the best source of vitamins for babies, but in some cases, additional intake of vitamins as prescribed by a doctor may be required.
- Preschool children (1-6 years old): All vitamins are important, especially vitamins A, C, D, and B vitamins B. Balanced diet and taking vitamin preparations as prescribed by a doctor will help to ensure sufficient intake of vitamins into the body.
- School children (7-18 years old): The need for vitamins increases during active growth and development. All vitamins are important, especially vitamins A, C, D, E and B vitamins B. Balanced nutrition, an active lifestyle and taking vitamin preparations as a doctor’s prescription will help maintain health and well -being.
XIV. Vitamins and immunity
Vitamins play an important role in maintaining immunity.
- Vitamin C: Strengthens the immune system, increases resistance to infections and promotes wound healing.
- Vitamin D: Regulates the immune system and reduces the risk of developing autoimmune diseases.
- Vitamin A: Supports the integrity of epithelial tissues, protecting the body from infections.
- Vitamin E: It is an antioxidant and protects cells from damage to free radicals.
- B vitamins B: Participate in metabolism and provide energy to immune cells.
XV. Myths about vitamins
There are many myths about vitamins that are important to know.
- Myth: Vitamins are always useful and have no side effects. True: vitamins can be useful for deficiency, but with excessive use can cause side effects and hypervitaminosis.
- Myth: The more vitamins, the better. True: the excess flow of vitamins is not always useful and can be harmful to health. It is important to follow the recommended doses.
- Myth: All vitamin preparations are equally effective. True: the effectiveness of vitamin preparations depends on the composition, form of production, manufacturer and individual characteristics of the body.
- Myth: Vitamins can replace good nutrition. True: vitamins cannot replace full nutrition, which provides the body not only with vitamins, but also by other nutrients necessary for health.
- Myth: Vitamins from natural sources are always better than synthetic. True: synthetic vitamins can be as effective as vitamins from natural sources. The main thing is to choose high -quality drugs from trusted manufacturers.
XVI. Conclusion
Vitamins play an important role in maintaining children’s health, but it is important to remember contraindications and side effects. Before taking vitamin preparations, it is necessary to consult a doctor and strictly observe the recommended doses. A balanced diet, a sufficient stay in the sun and taking vitamin preparations as prescribed by a doctor will help the child provide sufficient intake of vitamins and maintain his health and well -being.
XVII. Features of taking vitamins for children with special needs
Children with special needs, such as children with autism, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, or having other chronic diseases, may have an increased need for certain vitamins and minerals. It is important to consult a doctor or nutritionist in order to develop an individual nutrition plan and choose the right vitamin additives.
- Autism: Some studies show that children with autism may have a deficiency of vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid and omega-3 fatty acids. An additional technique of these substances can improve some symptoms of autism, such as problems with behavior, sleep and communication.
- Cerebral palsy: Children’s children often have food problems and may experience a deficiency of vitamins and minerals. It is important to provide them with sufficient intake of calcium, vitamin D and B vitamins to maintain the health of bones, muscles and nervous system.
- Down syndrome: Children with Down syndrome can have an increased risk of developing vitamin D, vitamin E, zinc and selenium. An additional technique of these substances can support their immune system and protect against infections.
- Chronic diseases: Children with chronic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, can experience deficiency of vitamins and minerals due to impaired suction of nutrients. It is important to regularly check the level of vitamins and minerals in the blood and take the necessary additives under the supervision of a doctor.
XVIII. Vitamins and vaccination
Some studies show that taking vitamins can improve the immune response to vaccines. For example, vitamin D can enhance the effect of vaccines against influenza and hepatitis B. However, before taking vitamins before or after vaccination, it is necessary to consult a doctor.
XIX. Vitamins and seasonality
The need for some vitamins may vary depending on the season. For example, in the winter, when there is less sunlight, an additional technique of vitamin D may be required. During periods of flu and SARS epidemics, it can be useful to increase the consumption of vitamin C and vitamin A to strengthen the immune system.
XX. Environmental impact on the need for vitamins
Environmental pollution, smoking, alcohol consumption and other harmful factors can increase the body’s need for vitamins, especially in antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin A. It is important to protect children from the effects of harmful environmental factors and provide them with sufficient intake of vitamins to protect cells from damage.
XXI. Vitamins and physical activity
Children involved in sports or leading active lifestyle may have an increased need for group B vitamins, which are involved in energy metabolism and are necessary to maintain physical activity. It is important to provide them with sufficient intake of vitamins with food or in the form of vitamin additives.
XXII. Vitamins and mental activity
Some vitamins play an important role in maintaining mental activity and cognitive functions. For example, group B vitamins are necessary for the normal operation of the nervous system and improving memory and attention. Vitamin D can also affect cognitive functions and mood.
XXIII. Vitamins and sleep
The disadvantage of some vitamins, such as vitamin D and B vitamins, can lead to sleep disturbances, such as insomnia or nightmares. It is important to provide the child with sufficient intake of vitamins to normalize sleep.
XXIV. Vitamins and health of the skin, hair and nails
Vitamins play an important role in maintaining the health of the skin, hair and nails. Vitamin A is necessary for the health of the skin and mucous membranes. Vitamin E protects the skin from damage to free radicals. Vitamin C is involved in the synthesis of collagen necessary for the health of the skin and hair. B vitamins support the health of hair and nails.
XXV. Vitamins and vision
Vitamin A plays a key role in maintaining visual health. It is necessary for the formation of a rhodopsin, a visual pigment responsible for night vision. The disadvantage of vitamin A can lead to vision of vision in the dark (chicken blindness) and other vision problems.
XXVI. Vitamins and bones and teeth health
Vitamin D plays a key role in the assimilation of calcium and phosphorus necessary for the formation and maintenance of bones and teeth health. The disadvantage of vitamin D can lead to rickets in children, osteoporosis in adults and other problems with bones and teeth.
XXVII. Vitamins and hormonal balance
Some vitamins are involved in the synthesis of hormones and maintaining hormonal balance. For example, vitamin D is involved in the regulation of the level of calcium in the blood and affects the function of the thyroid gland. B vitamins are necessary for the synthesis of adrenal hormones.
XXVIII. Vitamins and detoxification
Some vitamins, such as vitamin C and vitamin E, are antioxidants and help protect the body from damage to free radicals and toxins. They also participate in the processes of detoxification and elimination of harmful substances from the body.
XXIX. Vitamins and fertility
Some vitamins play an important role in maintaining fertility in men and women. For example, folic acid is necessary for the normal development of the fetus during pregnancy. Vitamin E improves sperm quality in men.
XXX. Vitamins and aging
With age, the need for some vitamins may increase. For example, older people may need more vitamin D to maintain the health of bones and vitamin B12 to maintain the nervous system. Reception of vitamin additives can help slow down the aging process and improve the quality of life.
XXXI. Features of storage of vitamin preparations
It is important to properly store vitamin preparations in order to maintain their effectiveness and safety. Follow the instructions on the packaging and store vitamins in a dry, cool place, protected from light and inaccessible to children.
XXXII. Overdose of vitamins: First aid
If the vitamins are suspected of an overdose of vitamins, you must immediately consult a doctor or an ambulance. First aid may include gastric lavage and activated coal.
XXXIII. Vitamin complexes: pros and cons of
Vitamin complexes contain several vitamins and minerals in one drug. They are convenient for admission, but it is important to consider that they cannot always satisfy the individual needs of the child. Before taking vitamin complexes, you need to consult a doctor.
Xxxiv. Monopasses of vitamins: Advantages
Monopasses of vitamins contain only one vitamin. They allow you to accurately dose the necessary vitamin and avoid overdose of other vitamins. Monopasses of vitamins can be more preferable in cases where a child has a deficiency of only one vitamin.
XXXV. Vitamins for vegetarians and vegans
Children who adhere to a vegetarian or vegan diet may experience a shortage of some vitamins, especially vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, iron and zinc. It is important to provide them with sufficient intake of these substances using enriched products or vitamin additives.
XXXVI. Vitamins and antibiotics
Taking antibiotics can disrupt the intestinal microflora and reduce the absorption of vitamins. After the course of antibiotics, it is recommended to take probiotics and vitamins of group B to restore the intestinal microflora and maintain health.
XXXVII. Vitamins and antiviral drugs
Some studies show that vitamin C intake can reduce the severity and duration of viral infections. However, before taking vitamins, along with antiviral drugs, it is necessary to consult a doctor.
XXXVIII. Vitamins and food additives (E)
Some food additives (E) can affect the absorption of vitamins. For example, some preservatives can reduce the absorption of vitamin C. It is important to limit the consumption of products containing harmful food supplements.
XXXIX. Vitamins and genetics
Genetic factors can affect the assimilation and metabolism of vitamins. For example, some people have a genetic predisposition to vitamin D deficiency. In such cases, a higher intake of vitamin additives may be required.
XL. Vitamins and psychological health
The disadvantage of some vitamins, such as B vitamins, can lead to depression, anxiety and other psychological problems. It is important to provide the child with sufficient vitamins to maintain psychological health.
XLI. Vitamins and stress
Stress can increase the body’s need for vitamins, especially in group B vitamins and vitamin C. It is important to help the child cope with stress and provide him with sufficient intake of vitamins to maintain health.
XLII. Vitamins and ecology
Environmental pollution can increase the body’s need for vitamins-antioxidants, such as vitamin C and vitamin E. It is important to protect children from the effects of contaminated air and water and provide them with sufficient intake of vitamins for protecting cells from damage.
XLIII. Vitamins and lifestyle
The lack of sleep, smoking, alcohol consumption and other bad habits can increase the body’s need for vitamins. It is important to lead a healthy lifestyle and avoid bad habits.
XLIV. Vitamins and longevity
Some studies show that taking vitamins can contribute to longevity and improvement of the quality of life in old age. However, it is necessary to observe the recommended doses and consult a doctor.
XLV. New studies in the field of vitamins
The science of vitamins is constantly developing, and new studies appear that clarify their role in maintaining health and preventing diseases. It is important to monitor new scientific data and consult a doctor in order to receive relevant information about vitamins.
XLVI. Vitamins and microbials of the intestines
Vitamins can influence the composition of the intestinal microbioma, and, in turn, the intestinal microbia can affect the absorption of vitamins. It is important to maintain a healthy intestinal microbia with probiotics and prebiotics for optimal absorption of vitamins.
XLVII. Vitamins and sports nutrition
Sports nutrition may contain vitamins and minerals. It is important to carefully read the composition of sports products and take them into account when calculating the daily dose of vitamins.
XLVIII. Vitamins and cosmetics
Vitamins are often used in cosmetics to improve the condition of the skin, hair and nails. It is important to choose high -quality cosmetics containing vitamins in effective concentration.
Xlix. Vitamins and pregnancy
During pregnancy, the need for some vitamins increases. It is important to take folic acid to prevent defects in the nerve tube in the fetus, vitamin D for the health of bones and teeth, and iron for the prevention of anemia.
L. Vitamins and breastfeeding
During breastfeeding, it is important to provide the mother with a sufficient entry of vitamins so that the baby receives them with breast milk. In some cases, additional intake of vitamins may be required as a doctor’s prescription.
Li. Vitamins and medicinal plants
Medicinal plants may contain vitamins and other beneficial substances. However, before using medicinal plants, you need to consult a doctor.
LII. Vitamins and aromatherapy
Some essential oils contain substances that can improve the absorption of vitamins. For example, lemon essential oil can improve the absorption of vitamin C.
LIII. Vitamins and reflex therapy
Reflexotherapy can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LIV. Vitamins and meditation
Meditation can reduce stress and improve the general health, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LV. Vitamins and yoga
Yoga can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LVI. Vitamins and proper breath
Proper breathing can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LVII. Vitamins and water balance
Sufficient water consumption is necessary for the normal functioning of the body and the assimilation of vitamins.
LVIII. Vitamins and alkaline balance
Maintaining alkaline balance in the body can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
Lix. Vitamins and minerals: Synergy
Vitamins and minerals often work together, enhancing the action of each other. For example, vitamin D is necessary for the absorption of calcium.
LX. Vitamins and amino acids
Amino acids are necessary for protein synthesis, and proteins, in turn, are necessary for transportation and assimilation of vitamins.
LXI. Vitamins and enzymes
Enzymes are necessary for the breakdown of food and the release of vitamins.
LXII. Vitamins and fiber
Fiber helps to normalize the intestinal function and improves the absorption of vitamins.
LXIII. Vitamins and fats
Fat -soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) are better absorbed in the presence of fats.
LXIV. Vitamins and carbohydrates
Some vitamins are involved in carbohydrate metabolism.
LXV. Vitamins and proteins
Proteins are necessary for transportation and assimilation of vitamins.
LXVI. Vitamins and physiotherapy
Physiotherapy can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXVII. Vitamins and massage
Massage can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXVIII. Vitamins and acupuncture
Acupuncture can improve the energy balance in the body and contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXIX. Vitamins and Ayurveda
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that uses herbs, diet and lifestyle to maintain health. Ayurvedic principles can help improve the absorption of vitamins.
LXX. Vitamins and traditional Chinese medicine (TKM)
Traditional Chinese medicine (TKM) is an ancient Chinese system of medicine that uses herbs, acupuncture and other methods to maintain health. The principles of TCM can help improve the absorption of vitamins.
LXXI. Vitamins and homeopathy
Homeopathy is a system of medicine that uses highly diluted substances to treat diseases. Homeopathic agents can improve the energy balance in the body and promote the absorption of vitamins.
LXXII. Vitamins and osteopathy
Osteopathy is a system of medicine that focuses on the health of bones, muscles and joints. Osteopathic methods can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXXIII. Vitamins and chiropractic
Hiropractic is a system of medicine that focuses on the health of the spine. Hiropractic methods can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXXIV. Vitamins and kinesiology
Kinesiology is a system of medicine that uses muscle testing to evaluate health. Kinesiological methods can help determine the deficiency of vitamins and choose suitable vitamin additives.
LXXV. Vitamins and aromatherapy
Aromatherapy can be used to improve the general state of health and relaxation, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXXVI. Vitamins and color therapy
Color therapy can be used to improve the general state of health and relaxation, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXXVII. Vitamins and music therapy
Music therapy can be used to reduce stress and improve the general state of health, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXXVIII. Vitamins and art therapy
Art-therapy can be used to reduce stress and improve the general state of health, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXXIX. Vitamins and dancer
Dancingiprapy can be used to improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXXX. Vitamins and laughter therapy
Laughter can reduce stress and improve the general state of health, which can contribute to the absorption of vitamins.
LXXXI. Vitamins and balneotherapy
Balneotherapy is the use of mineral waters to treat diseases. Mineral waters can contain vitamins and minerals that can improve health.
LXXXII. Vitamins and thalassotherapy
Talassotherapy is the use of sea water and sea climate to treat diseases. Sea water may contain vitamins and minerals that can improve health.
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