Bad for children: how to choose and give the right

Bad for children: how to choose and give the right

Part 1: Fundamentals of dietary supplements and children’s body

1. What are dietary supplements?

   Biologically active additives (dietary supplements) are concentrates of natural or identical to natural biologically active substances, designed for direct intake or introduction into food products in order to enrich the ration with individual food or biologically active substances and their complexes. Bades are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. They are used to maintain health, the prevention of scarce conditions and improve the functional state of the body. It is important to emphasize that dietary supplements do not replace full and balanced diet.

   • Differences between dietary supplements and drugs: The key difference is the purpose of application and the registration process. Medicines undergo strict clinical trials to prove their effectiveness and safety in the treatment of specific diseases. Bades, on the contrary, are recorded as food and do not require such extensive research. Their action is aimed at maintaining health and replenishing deficits, and not at the treatment of diseases. The content of active substances in dietary supplements is usually lower than in drugs.

   • Bades release forms: Bades are produced in various forms, including tablets, capsules, powders, syrups, chewing pastries, drops and liquids. The choice of release form depends on the age of the child, its preferences and the convenience of application. For young children, liquid forms (drops, syrups) are preferred, which are easier to dose and accept. For older children, chewing pastries, tablets or capsules are suitable if the child knows how to swallow them.

   • The composition of the dietary supplement: The composition of dietary supplements may include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, probiotics, prebiotics, plant extracts, omega-3 fatty acids and other biologically active substances. It is important to carefully study the composition of the dietary supplement before buying in order to verify the absence of components for which the child may have an allergy or individual intolerance. It is also necessary to pay attention to the dosage of active substances, which should correspond to the age and needs of the child.

2. Features of the child’s body and the need for dietary supplements

   The children’s body is in the stage of active growth and development, which makes increased requirements for the intake of nutrients. The lack of vitamins, minerals and other biologically active substances can adversely affect the physical and mental development of the child, weaken the immune system and increase the risk of diseases.

   • Needs for vitamins and minerals in different age periods: The needs for vitamins and minerals vary depending on the age of the child. For example, vitamin D is especially important for infants for the prevention of rickets, and preschool children – group B vitamins for the normal functioning of the nervous system. Adolescents, in an active growth period, require increased consumption of calcium and iron.

     • Infants (0-1 year): Vitamin D (especially with breastfeeding), iron (with artificial feeding or late introduction of complementary foods), vitamin K (especially for newborns).
     • Children 1-3 years old: Vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, calcium.
     • Children 3-7 years old: Vitamins of group B, vitamin C, vitamin D, calcium, iron, zinc.
     • Teenagers (7-18 years old): B vitamins B, vitamin D, calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium.

   • Factors affecting the need for dietary supplements: In addition to age, other factors are affected by the need for dietary supplements, such as:

     • Unstable nutrition: If the child’s diet does not provide sufficient receipt of the necessary nutrients, it may be necessary to add dietary supplements.
     • Chronic diseases: Some diseases, such as diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, can violate the absorption of nutrients and increase the need for dietary supplements.
     • Taking drugs: Some drugs may affect the absorption of vitamins and minerals, which may also require additional intake of dietary supplements.
     • Increased physical activity: Athletes and children involved in active sports need an increased number of vitamins and minerals to maintain energy and restore after training.
     • Geographical features: In regions with insufficient solar lighting, vitamin D deficiency may occur, which requires additional dietary supplements.
     • Seasonal fluctuations: In the winter, when there are fewer fresh fruits and vegetables, the risk of vitamin deficiency increases.

   • The consequences of a deficiency of vitamins and minerals: The deficiency of vitamins and minerals can lead to various negative consequences for the health of the child, including:

     • Reduced immunity: Increased susceptibility to infections.
     • Delay of growth and development: Slow weight gain, lag in physical development.
     • Violation of cognitive functions: Reducing concentration of attention, memory deterioration, learning problems.
     • Problems with skin, hair and nails: Dry skin, hair loss, fragility of nails.
     • Anemia: Weakness, fatigue, pallor of the skin.
     • Rakhite: Deformation of bones (in babies and young children).

3. When are dietary supplements for children?

   Reception of dietary supplements for children should be justified and appointed only after consulting with a pediatrician. The independent purpose of dietary supplements can be not only ineffective, but also dangerous to the health of the child.

   • Medical readings: Bades can be recommended in the presence of medical indications, such as:

     • Confirmed deficiency of vitamins and minerals: Based on the results of blood or urine tests.
     • Diseases that violate the absorption of nutrients: For example, celiac disease, cystic fibrosis.
     • The recovery period after the disease: To strengthen immunity and restore forces.
     • Reception of antibiotics: To restore intestinal microflora.
     • Allergic reactions to food: To make up for the missing nutrients.

   • Preventive goals: In some cases, dietary supplements can be recommended for preventive purposes, for example:

     • Prevention of rickets in infants: Vitamin D.
     • Support for immunity during epidemics: Vitamin C, zinc.
     • Improving cognitive functions: Omega-3 fatty acids.
     • Normalization of intestinal microflora: Probiotics.

   • Situations when dietary supplements are not needed or may be harmful: Bades are not needed if the child receives a full and balanced diet. An excess of vitamins and minerals (hypervitaminosis) can be no less dangerous than their deficiency.

     • Excessive use of dietary supplements: It can lead to toxic effects, especially in young children.
     • Simultaneous reception of several dietary supplements: It can lead to undesirable interactions between components.
     • Reception of dietary supplements without consulting a doctor: It can lead to the wrong choice of dietary supplement or dosage.
     • Bades should not be used to treat diseases: They are intended only to maintain the health and prevention of scarce conditions.

Part 2: Choosing dietary supplements for children

4. The main criteria for choosing high -quality dietary

   The choice of dietary supplements for a child is a responsible process that requires an attentive approach. It is necessary to take into account several key criteria to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the additive.

   • Reputation manufacturer: Give preference to dietary supplements from well -known and trusted manufacturers who have a good reputation on the market. Study reviews about the manufacturer, check the availability of quality certificates and compliance with the standards.
   • Certification: Make sure that the dietary supplement is certified by the relevant quality control authorities. The presence of certificates (for example, GMP, HACCP) confirms that the production of dietary supplements meets established security and quality standards. In Russia, dietary supplements are subject to state registration.
   • Composition: Carefully study the composition of the dietary supplement. Make sure that it contains only the necessary components in safe dosages for children. Avoid dietary supplements with artificial dyes, flavors, preservatives and other harmful additives.
   • Dosage: The dosage of active substances should correspond to the age and needs of the child. Do not exceed the recommended dosage indicated on the packaging.
   • Output form: Choose the form of a dietary supplement, which will be the most convenient for the child. For young children, liquid forms (drops, syrups) are preferred, for older children – chewing pastops, tablets or capsules if the child knows how to swallow them.
   • Lack of contraindications and allergens: Before buying, make sure that the child has no contraindications to receive dietary supplements and allergies to his components. Carefully study the list of ingredients and pay attention to possible allergens (for example, lactose, gluten, nuts).
   • Reviews of doctors and parents: Read the reviews of doctors and parents who used this dietary supplement for their children. This will help you get additional information about its effectiveness and safety. However, remember that the reviews can be subjective, and you should not rely only on them.
   • Price: The price of dietary supplements is not always an indicator of its quality. Compare the prices of different manufacturers and choose the best option based on the price ratio.

5. Review of popular dietary supplements for children and their purpose

   The market presents a wide range of dietary supplements for children, each of which has its own purpose and features. Consider the most popular types of dietary supplements and their use.

   • Vitamin D: It is necessary for the prevention of rickets, strengthening bones and teeth, maintaining immunity. It is especially important for infants who are breastfeeding and children living in regions with insufficient sunlight.
   • Vitamin C: Strengthens immunity, protects against infections, participates in the formation of collagen. Recommended during the period of epidemics of influenza and SARS.
   • B vitamins B: It is necessary for the normal functioning of the nervous system, improving memory and concentration of attention, maintaining energy metabolism.
   • Omega-3 fatty acids: Important for the development of the brain, vision and nervous system, improve cognitive functions, have anti -inflammatory effects.
   • Probiotics: They normalize the intestinal microflora, improve digestion, and strengthen immunity. Recommended for dysbiosis, after taking antibiotics, with allergic reactions.
   • Prebiotics: They serve as a nutrient medium for beneficial bacteria in the intestines, contribute to their growth and reproduction.
   • Calcium: It is necessary for the formation of bones and teeth, maintaining the normal function of muscles and nervous system. It is especially important for adolescents during active growth.
   • Iron: Participates in the formation of hemoglobin, it is necessary for the transfer of oxygen to the tissue. Iron deficiency can lead to anemia.
   • Zinc: Strengthens the immunity, promotes healing of wounds, is involved in metabolism.

6. How to read Bad label: decryption of the composition and dosage

   The correct understanding of the information on the Bad label is an important skill that will help you make a conscious choice and avoid mistakes when applying.

   • Name: Indicates the name of Bad and its main purpose (for example, “vitamin D3 for children”).
   • Composition: Lists all the ingredients that are part of the dietary supplement, in the order of decreasing their content. Pay attention to the presence of active substances, auxiliary components (for example, fillers, stabilizers) and possible allergens.
   • Dosage: Indicates the number of active substances in one portion of dietary supplements (for example, in one tablet or in one milliliter of liquid). The dosage must correspond to the age and needs of the child.
   • Recommendations for use: They describe the method of using dietary supplements (for example, take it during food, drink water) and the recommended course duration.
   • Contraindications: List states in which dietary supplements are not recommended (for example, individual intolerance to components, pregnancy, breastfeeding).
   • Warning: Contain information about possible side effects and precautions when using dietary supplements.
   • Storage conditions: The optimal conditions for storage of dietary supplements are indicated (for example, in dry, cool, a place protected from light).
   • Best before date: Indicates the period of time during which dietary supplements retains its properties. Do not use dietary supplement after expiration of the expiration date.
   • Information about the manufacturer: Indicates the name and address of the manufacturer of Bad.
   • The number of the certificate of state registration: Confirms that the dietary supplement has passed the state registration and meets the safety requirements.

7. Differences between dietary supplements for different age groups

   Bad for children are produced taking into account the age characteristics of the body and the needs for nutrients. The dosage and composition of dietary supplements can vary significantly for different age groups.

   • Infants (0-1 year): Bad for babies are usually produced in the form of drops or syrups so that they are easy to dose and give to the child. The composition of dietary supplements for babies usually includes only the most necessary vitamins and minerals (for example, vitamin D, iron). The dosage of active substances is minimal and strictly corresponds to the needs of the infant organism.
   • Children 1-3 years old: Bad for children of 1-3 years old can be produced in the form of drops, syrups, chewing loafers or powders. The composition of dietary supplements for this age group is usually more expanded and includes vitamins A, C, D, Group B, as well as minerals (calcium, iron, zinc). The dosage of active substances is higher than for babies, but still strictly complies with the needs of young children.
   • Children 3-7 years old: Bad for children 3-7 years old can be produced in the form of chewing pastures, tablets, capsules or powders. The composition of dietary supplements for this age group usually includes all the necessary vitamins and minerals, and may also contain probiotics and prebiotics to maintain intestinal health. The dosage of active substances is higher than for children 1-3 years old.
   • Teenagers (7-18 years old): Bad for adolescents can be produced in the form of tablets, capsules or powders. The composition of dietary supplements for this age group usually includes all the necessary vitamins and minerals, and can also contain components that help improve cognitive functions, strengthen bones and muscles, and maintain hormonal balance. The dosage of active substances is maximum and corresponds to the needs of the growing organism.

Part 3: Rules for taking dietary supplement for children

8. How to give dietary supplements to children: dosage, reception time, compatibility

   The correct use of dietary supplements is the key to their effectiveness and safety. It is necessary to strictly follow the recommendations for the dosage, time of administration and compatibility with other drugs.

   • Dosage: Strictly observe the dosage indicated on the package of dietary supplements or prescribed by a doctor. Do not exceed the recommended dosage, as this can lead to undesirable side effects. Use measuring spoons or droppers attached to the Bad for accurate dosing.
   • Reception time: Follow recommendations on the time of admission of dietary supplements. Some dietary supplements are recommended to be taken during food for better absorption, others on an empty stomach. B vitamins are recommended to be taken in the morning, as they have a tonic effect.
   • Compatibility: Consider the compatibility of dietary supplements with other drugs that the child takes. Some dietary supplements can interact with drugs, reducing their effectiveness or enhancing side effects. Consult a doctor if the child takes any medicine.
   • Dilution: Some dietary supplements (especially in the form of drops or powders) can be diluted with water, juice or milk. Make sure that dilution does not affect the effectiveness of dietary supplements.
   • Duration of the course: Follow the recommended duration of the dietary supplement course. Do not take dietary supplements for a long time without consulting a doctor.
   • Regularity: Take dietary supplements regularly in accordance with the recommendations. Proceedings in reception can reduce dietary supplements.
   • Observation of the reaction: Carefully observe the reaction of the child to the dietary supplement. When any side effects appear (for example, an allergic reaction, digestive disorder), stop taking a dietary supplement and consult a doctor.

9. How to mask the taste of dietary supplement if the child refuses to accept it

   Many children refuse to take dietary supplements due to unpleasant taste or smell. There are several ways to disguise the taste of dietary supplements and facilitate its reception.

   • Mixing with food or drinks: Mix dietary supplements with a small amount of food or drink that a child loves (for example, with yogurt, mashed potatoes, juice). Make sure the child will eat or drink the entire amount of food or drink with dietary supplements.
   • The choice of dietary supplement with a pleasant taste: Choose dietary supplements with a pleasant taste or smell that the child likes (for example, with a fruit taste, the taste of berries).
   • Using measured spoons or droppers: Use measured spoons or droppers to give dietary supplements in small portions. This will facilitate the reception and reduce the risk of refusal.
   • Choice offer: Invite the child to choose between several dietary supplements (for example, with different taste or in different forms of release). This will give the child a sense of control and can increase his readiness to receive dietary supplements.
   • Promotion: Encourage the child after taking Bad (for example, praise, a small reward). This will help to form a positive attitude to the reception of dietary supplements.
   • Using a syringe without a needle: For babies, you can use a syringe without a needle to introduce dietary supplements in small portions into the mouth.
   • Appeal to the doctor: If the child categorically refuses to take dietary supplements, consult a doctor. He can offer alternative dietary supplements or other ways to solve the problem.

10. Possible side effects and allergic reactions to dietary supplements

    Like any other substances, dietary supplements can cause side effects and allergic reactions in some children. It is important to know about possible risks and be able to recognize signs of adverse reactions.

    • Side effects: The most common side effects from the reception of dietary supplements include:

      • Digestive disorders: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain.
      • Allergic reactions: Skin rash, itching, urticaria, Quincke’s edema.
      • Headache: Dizziness, weakness.
      • Changing the color of urine or feces: Depending on the composition of the dietary supplement.

    • Allergic reactions: Allergic reactions to dietary supplements can be caused by various components, including:

      • Vitamins: Especially vitamins of group B.
      • Minerals: Especially iron, zinc, iodine.
      • Plant extracts: Especially extracts of herbs, fruits, vegetables.
      • Excipients: For example, dyes, flavors, preservatives.

    • Signs of an allergic reaction:

      • Skin rashes: Redness, itching, urticaria.
      • Edema: Face edema, lips, tongue, throat.
      • Difficult breathing: Shortness of breath, whistling breath.
      • Nausea, vomiting: Diarrhea, abdominal pain.
      • Anaphylactic shock: A severe allergic reaction requiring immediate medical care.

    • What to do when side effects or an allergic reaction appear:

      • Discontinue Bada Reception: Stop taking the dietary supplement immediately and consult a doctor.
      • Give the antihistamine: If the child has signs of an allergic reaction, give him an antihistamine in accordance with age dosage.
      • Seek medical help: In the case of a severe allergic reaction (anaphylactic shock), immediately call an ambulance.

11. Interaction of dietary supplements with drugs

    Bades can interact with drugs by changing their effectiveness or increasing side effects. It is important to know about possible interactions and consult a doctor before the simultaneous administration of dietary supplements and drugs.

    • Examples of interactions:

      • Vitamin K: It can reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulants (drugs that thin blood).
      • Iron: It can reduce the absorption of some antibiotics (for example, tetracyclines).
      • Calcium: It can reduce the absorption of some antibiotics (for example, fluoroquinolons) and drugs for the treatment of thyroid gland.
      • Vitamin C: It can enhance the side effects of non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
      • St. John’s wort: It can reduce the effectiveness of many drugs, including antidepressants, contraceptive tablets and HIV treatment drugs.

    • Precautions:

      • Consult a doctor: Before the simultaneous administration of dietary supplements and medicines, consult a doctor to avoid undesirable interactions.
      • Tell the doctor about all the dietary supplements: Tell the doctor about all the dietary supplements that the child takes, including vitamins, minerals, plant extracts and probiotics.
      • Follow the interval between techniques: If the doctor allowed the simultaneous intake of dietary supplements and the drug, follow the interval between their tricks (usually 1-2 hours).
      • Carefully follow the condition of the child: Carefully monitor the condition of the child while taking dietary supplement and the drug. When any side effects appear, stop taking dietary supplements and consult a doctor.

12. Storage of dietary supplements for children: shelf life, storage conditions

    Proper storage of dietary supplements is an important factor that affects their effectiveness and safety. It is necessary to observe the storage conditions indicated on the packaging and monitor the shelf life.

    • Expiration date: The shelf life of the dietary supplement is indicated on the package and determines the period of time during which the dietary supplement retains its properties. Do not use dietary supplement after expiration of the expiration date.

    • Storage conditions: Dad storage conditions are also indicated on the packaging and may include:

      • Temperature: It is usually recommended to store dietary supplements at room temperature (not higher than 25 ° C). Some dietary supplements require storage in the refrigerator.
      • Humidity: It is recommended to store dietary supplements in a dry place to avoid damage.
      • World: It is recommended to store dietary supplements in a place protected from light to avoid the destruction of active substances.
      • Accessibility for children: Keep dietary supplements in no way for children to avoid accidental poisoning.

    • Signs of spoiled dietary supplements:

      • Changing color, smell or consistency: If the dietary supplement has changed its color, smell or consistency, this may be a sign of its damage.
      • The appearance of mold or fungus: If mold or fungus appeared on the dietary supplement, it cannot be used.
      • Expiration of the expiration date: If the shelf life of dietary supplements has expired, it cannot be used.

Part 4: Badam alternatives and conclusion

13. Alternative ways to provide a child with the necessary vitamins and minerals

    Bades are not the only way to provide the child with the necessary vitamins and minerals. There are alternative approaches that can be more preferable and useful for the child’s health.

    • Balanced nutrition: The basis of a healthy nutrition of a child is a balanced diet that includes a variety of products rich in vitamins and minerals.

      • Fruits and vegetables: Are a source of vitamins, minerals, fiber and antioxidants.
      • Cereals: Are a source of group B vitamins, fiber and complex carbohydrates.
      • Meat, fish, poultry: Are a source of protein, iron, zinc and vitamins of group B.
      • Dairy products: Are a source of calcium, vitamin D and protein.
      • Legumes: Are a source of protein, iron, fiber and vitamins of group B.

    • Enriched food: Some foods (for example, milk, breakfast flakes) are enriched with vitamins and minerals. They can be useful for replenishing deficits.

    • Sunlight: Sunlight is a natural source of vitamin D. Regular stay in the sun (in safe time of the day) contributes to the formation of vitamin D in the skin.

    • Lifestyle correction: A healthy lifestyle, including regular physical exercises, sufficient sleep and a decrease in stress, helps to improve the absorption of nutrients.

14. Consultation with a doctor: when it is necessary and what questions to ask

    Before taking dietary supplements for a child, you need to consult a pediatrician. The doctor will help determine the need to receive dietary supplements, choose the right dietary supplement and dosage, as well as evaluate possible risks and contraindications.

    • When you need a consultation with a doctor:

      • In the presence of chronic diseases:
      • When taking medicines:
      • In the presence of allergic reactions:
      • With an unbalanced diet:
      • If you suspect a deficiency of vitamins and minerals:
      • Before taking any dietary supplement:

    • What questions to ask a doctor:

      • Does the child need a dietary supplement?
      • Which dietary supplement is better to choose?
      • What dosage of dietary supplements is suitable for a child?
      • How long to take dietary supplements?
      • Are there any contraindications to the reception of dietary supplements?
      • Can a diet be interacting with other drugs that the child takes?
      • What side effects can occur when receiving dietary supplements?
      • How to store dietary supplements correctly?
      • Are there any alternative ways to provide the child with the necessary vitamins and minerals?

15. Myths and misconceptions about dietary supplements for children

    There are many myths and misconceptions about dietary supplements for children who can mislead parents. It is important to know the truth about dietary supplements and not trust unreasonable statements.

    • Myth: Bades are medicines.
      • Is it true: Bades are not drugs and are not intended for the treatment of diseases. They are used to maintain the health and prevention of scarce conditions.
    • Myth: Bades are absolutely safe.
      • Is it true: Bades can cause side effects and allergic reactions in some children. It is important to observe the recommended dosage and consult a doctor before starting.
    • Myth: Bades are needed by all children.
      • Is it true: Dietary supplements are needed only by those children who experience a deficiency of vitamins and minerals or have medical indications for their reception.
    • Myth: The more vitamins, the better.
      • Is it true: An excess of vitamins and minerals (hypervitaminosis) can be no less dangerous than their deficiency. It is important to observe the recommended dosage and not exceed it.
    • Myth: dietary supplements can replace good nutrition.
      • Is it true: Bades cannot replace full and balanced diet. They are only an addition to the diet and are used to replenish deficits.
    • Myth: All dietary supplements are equally effective.
      • Is it true: The effectiveness of dietary supplements depends on its quality, composition, dosage and individual characteristics of the child’s body. It is important to choose dietary supplements from well -known and trusted manufacturers and consult a doctor before buying.
    • Myth: Dear dietary supplements are always better than cheap.
      • Is it true: The price of dietary supplements is not always an indicator of its quality. It is important to pay attention to the composition, certification and reputation of the manufacturer.